REBELLION AND UNREST Flashcards
1548 April
Murder
— Murder of William Body, Helston, Cornwall
1548 June
Commission, investigations
—Commission of inquiry to investigate enclosure in the Midlands
1548 Summer
Riots, opposition, commision
—Rural riots in England
Council voice opposition to Somerset’s policies and Hales’ commission
1549 May
Unrest in 3 places
—Unrest in Hampshire, Somerset and Wiltshire
1549 June
New prayer book
— Introduction of the new Prayer Book
Western or Prayer Book Rebellion
1549 July
Rebellion, uprisings
— Kett’s Rebellion in East Anglia Uprisings in Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, Bedfordshire, Oxfordshire and
Buckinghamshire
1549 August
Relieved, rebels, defeat
—Exeter relieved by Lord John Russell
Western Rebels defeated at Sampford Courtenay
Defeat of Kett at Dussindale
1549 October
Fall of S
— Fall of Somerset
1553 July
Death, proclaimed queen, executed
— Death of Edward VI
Lady Jane Grey proclaimed Queen (10th July)
Mary proclaimed Queen (19th July) and Lady Jane Grey sent to Tower
Northumberland executed (22nd July)
1553 November
Marriage
—Mary inform Parliament that she will marry Philip of Spain
1554 January
Rebellion
—Wyatt’s rebellion
1554 February
Arrest, executed and imprisoned
—Wyatt arrested, Lady Jane Grey executed and Elizabeth imprisoned
Enclosure
Open field system, common land, profit
—The process of removing open field system. Sometime involved taking of common land and forcing tenants off land for the profit of landowners.
Hales’ Commission
Enclosure
—Inquiry established to investigate the effects of enclosure
Mercenaries
Paid
– Soldier who are paid to fight
Open field system
Divided
—medieval system of farming where land is divided into strips.
Protectorate
Minor
—The name for the government who rules on behalf of a minor
Lady Jane Grey
Grandfather, arranged marriage
- Had a distant claim to the throne as her Grandfather married Henry VIII’s sister.
- Northumberland arranged her marriage to his son Guildford Dudley in May 1553
Robert Kett
Landowner, led rebellion and enclosure
– A landowner and farmer who led rebellion in protest at the practice of enclosure.
Thomas Wyatt
Anti spanish, lead rebellion
– Son of a politician and ambassador , was vehemently anti Spanish and led rebellion in protest at Mary’s marriage to Philip of Spain.
Philip of Spain
Inherited land, devoted catholic
– Son of Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor, he inherited the lands in Milan, Sicily and Naples in 1554 and then Spanish throne in 1556 when his father abdicated.
-A devoted Catholic who married Mary in 1554.
Causes of rebellions
Religious change, religious changes, gain of supremacy, change in religious agenda
- Religious change, economic and social grievances, enclosure, an uncertain succession and the action of the rulers all played a part in causing rebellions.
- Somerset’s religious changes combined with ineffective leadership undoubtedly played a part in the unrest.
-Northumberland’s attempt to gain supremacy through Lady Jane Grey failed to generate support
and his regime toppled.
-Mary’s choice of a foreign husband combined with a changing religious agenda undoubtedly all contributed towards a series of violent uprisings.
Nature and severity of threat
Timings are significant, rebellion, support, faced challenge and seize of power
- The size, location and timing of the rebellions are significant as are the costs and measures taken to suppress them.
- The western rebellion was situated far from central government but at 5,000 strong required firm local measures to suppress.
- Kett’s significant support of 16,000 men and ability to take Norwich undoubtedly posed a serious threat which ultimately formed part of Somerset’s demise.
- Mary was quickly able to assume the throne in the face of Northumberland’s plan to supplant Jane Grey but faced sterner challenge from Wyatt.
- Wyatt’s supporters were heavily armed and ready to seize power at the gates of London.
Measure taken to stop the rebels
Different methods to solve issue, hiring of mercenaries, military expeditions, appease rebels and removal of LJ
- Each rebellion required different methods to solve the issues presented.
- Somerset was forced to hire mercenaries to defeat the rebels as they besieged Exeter.
- It took significant military expeditions to remove Kett’s forces from Norwich and ultimately this undermined Somerset’s protectorate.
- In both cases attempts to appease the rebels only suggested a weakness in central government and led to further unrest.
- Mary was able to swiftly remove Lady Jane Grey but relied on personal public appeals to her people to prevent Wyatt’s forces from entering London.
