READING COMPREHENSION - Sheet8

Question 1

1. According to the passage, which of the following factor/factors led to the adverse consequences for governance/public administration?
2. Inability of civil services to strike a balance between internal and external accountabilities
3. Lack of sufficient professional training to the officers of All India Services
4. Lack of proper service benefits in civil services
5. Lack of Constitutional provisions to define the respective roles of professional civil services vis-a-vis political executive in this context
   Select the correct answer using the code given below :
   (a) 1 only
   (b) 2 and 3 only
   (c) 1 and 4 only
   (d) 2, 3 and 4

Answer 1

C

Question 2

2,”With reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Political executive is an obstacle to the accountability of the civil services to the society. 2) In the present framework of Indian polity, the political executive is no longer accountable to the society. Which of these assumptions is/are valid ?”,”(a) 1 only”,”(b) 2 only”,”(c) Both1and2”,”(d) Neither 1 nor 2”

Answer 2

2,A

Question 3

3,”Which one of the following is the essential message implied by this passage ?”,”(a) Civil services are not accountable to the society they are serving.”,”(b) Educated and enlightened persons are not taking up political leadership.”,”(c) The framers of the Constitution did not envisage the problems being encountered by the civil services.”,”(d) There is a need and scope for reforms to improve the accountability of civil services.”

Answer 3

3,D

Question 4

4,”According to the passage, which one of the following is not a means of enhancing internal accountability of civil services ?”,”(a) Better job security and safeguards”,”(b) Supervision by Central Vigilance Commission”,”(c) Judicial review of executive decisions”,”(d) Seeking accountability through enhanced participation by people in decision making process.”

Answer 4

4,D

Question 5

5,”With reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Human relationships are derived from their religious traditions. 2) Human beings can be duty bound only if they believe in god. 3) Religious traditions are essential to practice and understand justice Which of these assumption (s) is/are valid?”,”(a) 1 only”,”(b) 2 and 3 only”,”(c) 1 and 3 only”,”(d) 1, 2 and 3”

Answer 5

5,A

Question 6

6,”Which one of the following is the crux of this passage ?”,”(a) Our duties to one another derive from our religious traditions.”,”(b) Having relationship to the divine principle is a great virtue.”,”(c) Balance between rights and duties is crucial to the delivery of justice in a society.”,”(d) Religious concept of rights is primarily derived from our relationship to god.”

Answer 6

6,C

Question 7

7,”What is /are the present constraint / constraints in using biomass as fuel for power generation ? 1) Lack of sustainable supply of biomass 2) Biomass production competes with food production. 3) Bio-energy may not always be low carbon on a life-cycle basis. Select the correct answer using the code given below :”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(b) 3 only”,”(c) 2 and 3 only”,”(d) 1, 2 and 3”

Answer 7

7,D

Question 8

8,”Which of the following can lend to food security problem ? 1) Using agricultural and forest residues as feedstock for power generation. 2) Using biomass for carbon capture and storage 3) Promoting the cultivation of energy crops. Select the correct answer using the code given below :”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(b) 3 only”,”(c) 2 and 3 only”,”(d) 1, 2 and 3”

Answer 8

8,B

Question 9

9,”In the context of using biomass, which of the following is /are the characteristic / characteristics of the sustainable production of biofuel ? 1) Biomass as a fuel for power generation could meet all the primary energy equirements of the world by 2050 2) Biomass as a fuel for power generation does not necessarily disrupt food and forest resources. 3) Biomass as a fuel for power generation could help in achieving negative emissions, given certain nascent technologies. Select the correct answer using the code given below:”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(b) 3 only”,”(c) 2 and 3 only”,”(d) 1, 2 and3”

Answer 9

9,C

Question 10

10,”With reference to the passage, following assumptions have been made : 1) Some climate-energy models suggest that the use of biomass as a fuel for power generation helps in mitigation greenhouse gas emissions. 2) It is not possible to use biomass as a fuel for power generation without disrupting food and forest resources. Which of these assumptions is / are valid?”,”(a) 1 only”,”(b) 2 only”,”(c) Both 1 and 2”,”(d) Neither 1 and 2”

Answer 10

10,A

Question 11

11,Which among the following is the most Logical and critical inference that can be made from the above passage ?,”(a) In our agricultural practices, we have become heavily dependent on expensive chemical fertilizers and toxic pesticides only due to green revolution.”,”(b) Monocropping vast fields with high-yield varieties is possible due to green revolution”,”(c) Monocropping with high-yield varieties is the only way to ensure food security to millions.”,”(d) Green revolution can pose a threat to biodiversity in food supply and food security in the long run.”

Answer 11

11,D

Question 12

12,Which among the following is the most logical corollary to the above passage ?,”(a) Launching more welfare schemes and allocating more finances for the current schemes are urgently needed.”,”(b) Efforts should be made to push up economic growth by other means and provide licenses to the poor.”,”(c) Greater transparency in the functioning of the government and promoting the financial inclusion are needed at present.”,”(d) We should concentrate more on developing manufacturing sector than service sector.”

Answer 12

12,C

Question 13

13,Which one of the following is the essential message implied by this passage ?,”(a) Civil services are not accountable to the society they are serving.”,”(b) Educated and enlightened persons are not taking up political leadership.”,”(c) The framers of the Constitution did not envisage the problems being encountered by the civil services.”,”(d) There is a need and scope for reforms to improve the accountability of civil services.”

Answer 13

13,D

Question 14

14,According to the passage, which one of the following is not a means of enhancing internal accountability of civil services ?,”(a) Better job security and safeguards”,”(b) Supervision by Central Vigilance Commission”,”(c) Judicial review of executive decisions”,”(d) Seeking accountability through enhanced participation by people in decision making process.”

Answer 14

14,A

Question 15

15,Which one of the following is the message that is essentially implied in the above passage ?,”(a) Need for more automation and more products of banks.”,”(b) Need for a radical restructuring of our entire public finance system”,”(c) Need to integrate banking and nonbanking institution.”,”(d) Need to promote financial inclusion.”

Answer 15

15,D

Question 16

16,With reference to the above passage, consider the following statements : 1) Urban sanitation problems can be fully solved by the abolition of manual scavenging only 2) There is a need to promote greater awareness on sage sanitation practices in urban areas,1) 1 only,2) 2 only,3) Both1land2,4) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer 16

16,B

Question 17

17,Which among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?,”(a) Nature has created a great diversity in human society”,”(b) Any given human society is always short of its wants”,”(c) Social life is a specific characteristic of man”,”(d) Diverse natural wants forced man towards social system”

Answer 17

17,D

Question 18

18,The statement refers to :,”(a) The antithesis of politics and economics”,”(b) The interrelationship of politics and economics”,”(c) The predominance of economics over politics”,”(d) The predominance of polities over economics”

Answer 18

18,B

Question 19

19,Which among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage ?,”(a) Organic farming should immediately replace mechanized and chemical dependent agricultural practices all over the world.”,”(b) It is imperative for us to modify our land use practices in order to mitigate climate change.”,”(c) These are no technological solutions to the problem of greenhouse gas emissions”,”(d) Tropical areas are the chief sites of carbon sequestration.”

Answer 19

19,B

Question 20

20,What is the critical message conveyed by the above passage ?,”(a) Our increasing demand for foods sourced from animals puts a greater burden on our natural resources.”,”(b) Diets based on grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables are best suited for health in developing countries.”,”(c) Human beings change their food habits from time to time irrespective of the health concerns.”,”(d) From a global perspective, we still do not know which type of diet is best for us.”

Answer 20

20,A

Question 21

21,Which among the following is the most logical assumption that can be made from the above passage ?,”(a) About 10,000 years ago, the domestication of animals took place in some parts of the world”,”(b) A permanent change in the food habits of a community can bring about a genetic change in its members.”,”(c) Lactose tolerant people only are capable of getting simple sugars in their bodies.”,”(d) People who are not lactose intolerant cannot digest any dairy product.”

Answer 21

21,B

Question 22

22,In the above statement, the author implies that :,”(a) The entire national output produced and consumed in industrialized countries passes through commercial channels.”,”(b) The existence of non-commercialized sector in different underdeveloped countries renders the national income comparisons over countries difficult.”,”(c) No part of national output should be produced and consumed without passing through commercial channels.”,”(d) A part of the national output being produced and consumed without passing through commercial channels is a sign of underdevelopment.”

Answer 22

22,B

Question 23

23,Which among the following is the most logical corollary to the above passage ?,”(a) Carbon dioxide is essential for the survival of microorganisms and plants.”,”(b) Humans are solely responsible for the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.”,”(c) Microorganisms and soil carbon are mainly responsible for the increased plant growth.”,”(d) Increasing green cover could trigger the release of carbon trapped in soil.”

Answer 23

23,D

Question 24

68. According to the above passage, which of the following are the fundamental solutions for the
    world food security problem?
69. Setting up more agro-based industries
70. Improving the price affordability by the poor
71. Regulating the conditions of marketing
72. Providing food subsidy to one and all
    Select the correct answer using the code given below:
    A. 1 and 2 only
    B. 2 and 3 only
    C. 1, 3 and 4 only
    D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer 24

he correct answer is ‘2 and 3 only’

Question 25

25,According to the above passage, the biggest challenge to world agriculture is:,”a) to find sufficient land for agriculture and to expand food processing industries”,”b) to eradicate hunger in underdeveloped countries”,”c) to achieve a balance between the production of food and non-food items”,”d) to achieve a balance between demand for and supply of food”

Answer 25

25,D

Question 26

70. According to the above passage, which of the following helps/help in reducing hunger and
    starvation in the developing economics?
71. Balancing demand and supply of food
72. Increasing imports of food
73. Increasing purchasing power of the poor
74. Changing the food consumption patterns and practices
    Select the correct answer using the code given below:
    A. 1 only B. 2, 3 and 4 only
    C. 1 and 3 only D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer 26

26,C

Question 27

27,The issue of worldwide supply of food has gained importance mainly because of:,”1. overgrowth of the population worldwide”,”2 sharp decline in the area of food production”,”3. limitation in the capabilities for sustained supply of food”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(b) 3 only”,”(c) 2 and 3 only”,”(d) 1, 2 and 3”

Answer 27

27,B