READING COMPREHENSION - Sheet1 Flashcards
1,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most rational, practical and immediate action required to ensure fair and equitable allocation of water to different stakeholders?,”(a) A national, pragmatic, legal and policy framework for water allocation should be made.”,”(b) All river systems of the country should be linked and huge aquifers created.”,”(c) Water channels between regions of water surplus and regions of water deficit should be created.”,”(d) To mitigate water crisis, water demand of sectors such as agriculture and industry should be reduced.”
1,A
2,Which one of the following statements best reflects what is implied by the passage?,”(a) Education system must be strengthened in rural areas.”,”(b) Large scale and effective implementation of skill development programme is the need of the hour.”,”(c) For economic development, health and nutrition of only skilled workers needs special attention.”,”(d) For rapid economic growth as envisaged by us, attention should be paid to health and nutrition of the people.”
2,D
3,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational message conveyed by the author of the passage?,”(a) Adaptation to climate change and mitigation response are basically the responsibilities of the government.”,”(b) Climate change causes a change in government policies regarding land use patterns in the country.”,”(c) Risk perceptions of farmers are important for motivating them for taking adaptation decisions.”,”(d) Since mitigation is not possible, governments should come up with policies for quick response to climate change.”
3,C
4,Which one of the following statements best reflects the crucial message conveyed by the author of the passage?,”(a) Businesses that cause emissions may need to close down or pay for pollution in future.”,”(b) The only solution is technological development related to the issues of climate change.”,”(c) Waiting to deal with carbon emissions until technology improves is not a wise strategy.”,”(d) Since future technological change is uncertain, new industries should be based on renewable energy sources.”
4,C
5,Which one of the following statements best implies the most rational assumption that can be made from the passage?,”(a) We are likely to spend more money on cure than prevention.”,”(b) It is the job of the government to solve our environmental and public health problems.”,”(c) Health can be protected even if environmental problems go on unattended.”,”(d) Loss of traditional lifestyle and the influence of western values led to some unhealthy ways of living.”
5,A
6,Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage?,”(a) The scheme of Universal Basic Income should be implemented worldwide as a way of poverty alleviation.”,”(b) We must place food-based nutrition at the centre of our policy debate.”,”(c) Nutritional status of food should be improved by creating appropriate genetically modified crops.”,”(d) Using modern food processing technologies, we must fortify food items with required nutrient elements.”
6,B
7,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational implication conveyed by the passage?,”(a) Arbitrary curbs on vehicles to reduce pollution are difficult to implement.”,”(b) Knee-jerk reactions cannot solve the problem of pollution but an evidence-based approach will be more effective.”,”(c) A heavy penalty should be enforced on those driving without periodic pollution tests.”,”(d) In the absence of laws to deal with the problems of pollution, the administration tends to make arbitrary decisions.”
7,B
8,Which of the following statements best reflects the logical inference from the passage given above?,”(a) It is an important agenda of the countries around the world to ensure access to good external financing.”,”(b) Good corporate governance improves the credibility of the firms.”,”(c) International capital markets ensure that the firms maintain good corporate governance.”,”(d) Good corporate governance paves the way for robust supply chains.”
8,B
9,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational inference that can be drawn from the passage?,”(a) The home range of elephants needs to be a vast area of rich biodiversity.”,”(b) Elephants are the keystone species and they benefit the biodiversity.”,”(c) Rich biodiversity cannot be maintained in the forests without the presence of elephants.”,”(d) Elephants are capable of regenerating forests with species as per their requirement.”
9,B
10,Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Collection, processing and segregation of municipal waste should be with government agencies. 2. Resource recovery and recycling require technological inputs that can be best handled by private sector enterprises. Which of the assumptions given above is/are correct?,”(a) 1 only”,”(b) 2 only”,”(c) Both 1 and 2”,”(d) Neither 1 nor 2”
10,D
11,Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage?,”(a) Generation of energy from municipal solid waste is inexpensive.”,”(b) Biomethanation is the most ideal way of generating energy from municipal solid waste.”,”(c) Segregation of municipal solid waste is the first step in ensuring the success of waste-to-energy plants.”,”(d) The biodegradable component of India’s municipal solid waste is not adequate to provide energy from waste efficiently/effectively.”
11,C
12,Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Organic farming is inherently unsafe for both farmers and consumers. 2. Farmers and consumers need to be educated about eco-friendly food. Which of the assumptions given above is/are correct?,”(a) 1 only”,”(b) 2 only”,”(c) Both 1 and 2”,”(d) Neither 1 nor 2”
12,B
13,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational and practical message conveyed by the author of the passage?,”(a) In India, organic farming should not be promoted as a substitute for conventional farming.”,”(b) There are no safe organic alternatives to chemical fertilizers.”,”(c) In India, farmers need to be guided and helped to make their organic farming sustainable.”,”(d) The aim of organic farming should not be to generate huge profits as there is still no global market for its products.”
13,C
14,Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. To implement the Sustainable Development Goals and to achieve zero-hunger goal, monoculture agriculture practices are inevitable even if they do not address malnutrition. 2. Dependence on a few crops has negative consequences for human health and the ecosystem. 3. Government policies regarding food planning need to incorporate nutritional security. 4. For the present monoculture agriculture practices, farmers receive subsidies in various ways and government offers remunerative prices for grains and therefore they do not tend to consider crop diversity. Which of the above assumptions are valid?,”(a) 1, 2 and 4 only”,”(b) 2 and 3 only”,”(c) 3 and 4 only”,”(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4”
14,B
15,With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Global warming is causing spring to come early and for longer durations. 2. Early spring and longer period of spring is not good for bird populations. Which of the above assumptions is/are correct?,”(a) 1 only”,”(b) 2 only”,”(c) Both 1 and 2”,”(d) Neither 1 nor 2”
15,A
16,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational and crucial message implied by the passage?,”(a) An enhanced efficiency of use of nitrogen is imperative for both food production and environment.”,”(b) Production of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers cannot be stopped as it will adversely affect global food security.”,”(c) Alternatives to crops that require excess of nitrogen should be identified and cultivated.”,”(d) Conventional agriculture using synthetic fertilizers should be replaced with agroforestry, agroecosystems and organic farming.”
16,A
17,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational and crucial message conveyed by the passage?,”(a) Climate justice should be ingrained in detail in the rules of all new climate compacts/agreements.”,”(b) Environmental resources are unevenly distributed and exploited across the globe.”,”(c) There is an impending issue of dealing with a huge number of climate change victims/climate refugees.”,”(d) Climate change in all its connotations is mostly due to developed countries and therefore their share of burden should be more.”
17,A
18,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational message conveyed by the author of the passage?,”(a) Food yielding trees should replace other trees in rural and tribal areas and community owned lands.”,”(b) Food security cannot be ensured in India with the present practice of conventional agriculture.”,”(c) Wastelands and degraded areas in India should be converted into agroforestry systems to help the poor.”,”(d) Agroecosystems should be developed in addition to or along with conventional agriculture.”
18,D
19,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and practical message conveyed by the passage?,”(a) It is necessary to put proper effluent treatment protocols in place.”,”(b) It is necessary to promote environmental awareness among people.”,”(c) Spread of drug-resistant bacteria cannot be done away with, as it is inherent in modern medical care.”,”(d) Pharma-manufacturing companies should be set up in remote rural areas, away from crowded towns and cities.”
19,A
20,Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage?,”(a) To become a global power, India needs to invest in universal quality education.”,”(b) India is unable to become a global power because it is not focussing or promoting knowledge economy.”,”(c) Our education system should focus more on imparting skills during higher education.”,”(d) Parents of many school children are illiterate and are unaware of the benefits of quality education.”
20,A
21,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical message implied by the above passage?,”(a) Modern technology enfeebles societal structure and makes life difficult.”,”(b) Modern life is full of uncertainties and endless difficult choices.”,”(c) We are influenced by the opinion of others and have no courage to follow our own convictions.”,”(d) In our lives, having too few choices may not be a good thing, but having too many can be equally as difficult.”
21,D
22,Regarding the financialization of household savings, which of the following statements best reflect the solutions that are implied by the passage? 1. A flexible environment is needed to develop solutions. 2. Households need customized solutions. 3. Innovations in financial technology are required. Select the correct answer using the code given below:,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(b) 2 and 3 only”,”(c) 1 and 3 only”,”(d) 1, 2 and 3”
22,D
23,Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Patent protection given to patentees puts a huge burden on public’s purchasing power in accessing patented medicines. 2. Dependence on other countries for pharmaceutical products is a huge burden for developing and poor countries. 3. Providing medicines to the public at affordable prices is a key goal during the public health policy design in many countries. 4. Governments need to find an appropriate balance between the rights of patentees and the requirements of the patients. Which of the above assumptions are valid?,”(a) 1 and 2”,”(b) 1 and 4”,”(c) 3 and 4”,”(d) 2 and 3”
23,B
24,Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Protection of privacy is not just a right, but it has value to the economy. 2. There is a fundamental link between privacy and innovation. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?,”(a) 1 only”,”(b) 2 only”,”(c) Both 1 and 2”,”(d) Neither 1 nor 2”
24,C
25,Which one of the following statements most likely reflects as to what the author of the passage intends to say?,”(a) Enrolment in schools and colleges is high but there is no quality education.”,”(b) Unemployment must be seen as a function of rising education and aspirations of young Indians.”,”(c) There are no labour-intensive industries to accommodate the huge number of unemployed people.”,”(d) The education system should be properly designed so as to enable the educated people to be self-employed.”
25,B
26,Which one of the following statements best reflects the most rational, logical and practical message conveyed by the passage?,”(a) Modern statesmen need to be well trained in scientific methods and philosophical thinking to enable them to have a better perspective of their roles, responsibilities and goals.”,”(b) It is not desirable to have Governments managed by empirical statesmen unless well mixed with others who are grounded in learning and reflect wisdom.”,”(c) As the statesmen/bureaucrats are the products of a society, it is desirable to have a system of education in a society that focuses on training its citizens in scientific method and philosophical thinking from a very early age.”,”(d) It is desirable that all scientists need to be philosophers as well to make their work goal-oriented and thus purposeful and useful to the society.”
26,A
27,Based on the above passage, which one of the following terms best expresses the ultimate goal of the state?,”(a) Personal safety”,”(b) Health of body and mind”,”(c) Communal harmony”,”(d) Liberty”
27,D
Question Number, Full Question, Option A, Option B, Option C, Option D
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