READING COMPREHENSION - Sheet5 Flashcards
1, What is the main idea that we can infer from the passage?, A. Untouchability in India has not been taken seriously by political theorists., B. Historical injustice is inevitable in any society and is always beyond repair., C. Social discrimination and deprivation have their roots in bad economies., D. It is difficult, if not impossible, to repair every manifestation of historical injustice.
1,D
2, On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Removal of economic discrimination leads to removal of social discrimination. 2) Democratic polity is the best way to repair historical wrongs. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?, A. 1 only, B. 2 only, C. Both 1 and 2, D. Neither 1 nor 2
2,D
3, On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) A society without well educated people cannot be transformed into a modern society. 2) Without acquiring culture, a person’s education is not complete. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?, A. 1 only, B. 2 only, C. Both 1 and 2, D. Neither 1 nor 2
3,B
4, On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Large scale soil erosion is a major reason for widespread food insecurity in the world. 2) Soil erosion is mainly anthropogenic. 3) Sustainable management of soils helps in combating climate change. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?, A. 1 and 2 only, B. 3 only, C. 2 and 3 only, D. 1, 2 and 3
4,B
5, On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Economic power is the only reason for the existence of inequality in a society. 2) Inequality of different kinds, income, wealth, etc. reinforces power. 3) Economic power can be analyzed more through its effects than by direct empirical methods. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?, A. 1 and 2 only, B. 3 only, C. 1 and 3 only, D. 1, 2 and 3
5,B
6, Which one of the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?, A. Farmers who modernize their methods and diversify their fields will be in an advantageous position in future., B. Climate change will adversely affect the crop diversity., C. Shifting major crops to new croplands will lead to a great increase in the total area under cultivation and thus an increase in overall agricultural production., D. Climate change is the most important factor affecting the agricultural economy in the future.
6,A
7, Which one of the following is the most logical, scientific and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?, A. Different species having similar structure of hands is an example of biodiversity., B. Limbs being used by different species for different kinds of work is an example of biodiversity., C. Man and the aforementioned animals having similar structure of limbs is an example of coincidence in evolution., D. Man and the aforementioned animals have a shared evolutionary history.
7,C
8, Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Global warming has a bearing on the planet’s biological evolution. 2) Separation of land masses causes the release of huge quantities of carbon into the atmosphere. 3) Increased warming of Earth’s atmosphere can change the composition of its flora and fauna. 4) The present man-made global warming will finally lead to conditions similar to those which happened 56 million years ago. Which of the assumptions given above are valid?, A. 1 and 2, B. 3 and 4, C. 1 and 3, D. 2 and 4
8,C
9, Which one of the following statements is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?, A. Development of enabling technologies in India can be a big boost to its manufacturing sector., B. India is not yet fully ready to adopt IoT in view of the imminent security challenges., C. Life becomes more comfortable with the development of cheap low-end IoT devices., D. As we go digital, we must recognize the huge threat to Internet security from some IoT devices.
9,D
10, Which one of the following is the most logical and rational corollary to the above Passage?, A. Globalization is not in the interests of India as it undermines its socio-economic structures., B. India should be careful to protect its digital sovereignty in global trade talks., C. India should charge monopoly rents from multinational companies in exchange for Big Data., D. The loss of Big Data from India is proportional to the degree/value of its foreign trade.
10,B
11, Which of the following is most definitively implied by the above passage?, A. Big Data is the key resource in the digital space., B. Big economies create Big Data., C. Access to Big Data is the prerogative of developed countries., D. Access to and possession of Big Data is a characteristic of developed countries.
11,A
12, What is the most logical and rational corollary to the above passage?, A. Supporting small farmers is an important part of any agenda regarding environmentally sustainable development., B. Poor countries have little role to play in the mitigation of global warming., C. Due to a large number of farmer households India will not have food security problem in the foreseeable future., D. Only small-holder farmers in India can ensure food security.
12,A
13, The above passage implies that: 1) There is a potential problem of food insecurity in India. 2) India will have to strengthen its disaster management capabilities. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?, A. 1 only, B. 2 only, C. Both 1 and 2, D. Neither 1 nor 2
13,C
14, On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Governments and companies need to be adequately prepared to face the climate change. 2) Extreme weather events will reduce the economic growth of governments and companies in future. 3) Ignoring climate change is a huge risk for investors. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?, A. 1 and 2 only, B. 3 only, C. 1 and 3 only, D. 1, 2 and 3
14,C
15,”With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made : I) Making equality of opportunity a reality is the fundamental goal of the Indian education system. 2) The present Indian school system is unable to provide egalitarian education. 3) Abolition of private schools and establishment of more government schools is the only way to ensure egalitarian education. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(b) 2 only”,”(c) 2 and 3 only”,”(d) 3 only”
15,B
16,”Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial message conveyed by the above passage?”,”(b) Curing TB requires more than diagnosis and medical treatment.”,”(a) TB is not a curable disease in Indian circumstances.”,”(c) Government’s surveillance mechanism is deficient; and poor people have no access to treatment.”,”(d) India will be free from diseases like TB only when its poverty alleviation programmes are effectively and successfully implemented.”
16,B
17,”Which one of the following in the most logical, rational and crucial message conveyed by the above passage ?”,”(a) Public research institutions should take the lead in GM technology and priorities the technology agenda.”,”(b) Developing countries should raise this issue in WTO and ensure the abolition of Intellectual property Rights.”,”(c) Private corporations should not be allowed to do agribusiness in India, particularly the seed business.”,”(d) Present Indian circumstances do not favour the cultivation of genetically modified crops.”
17,A
18,”On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made : 1. The issue of effects of natural calamities on agriculture is not given due consideration by GM technology companies. 2. In the long run, GM technology will not be able to solve agricultural problems arising due to global warming. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?”,”(b) 2 only”,”(a) 1only”,”(c) Both 1 and 2”,”(d) Neither 1 nor 2”
18,A
19,”Which one of the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the abave passage ?”,”(c) Sometimes, the campaigns against foreign plants are pointless.”,”(a) Invasive species should be used to rehabilitate desert areas and wastelands of a country.”,”(b) Laws against the introduction of foreign plants are unnecessary.”,”(d) Foreign plants should be used to increase the biodiversity of a country.”
19,C
20,”On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Food safety is a complex issue that calls for a multipronged solution. 2) Great investments need to be made in developing the manpower for surveillance and training. 3) India needs make sufficient legislation for governing food processing industry. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?”,”(d) 1, 2 and 3”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(b) 3 only”,”(c) 1 and 3 only”
20,A
21,”The passage seems to argue”,”(d) In favour of participation of peoples’ groups in city planning.”,”(a) Against the monopoly of builders and the interests of elite groups.”,”(b) Against the need for global and smart cities.”,”(c) In favour of planning cities mainly for working class and poor people.”
21,D
22,”The above passage seems to imply that 1) Most of modern economic growth is based on technological progress. 2) Much of modern Indian economy does not nurture sufficient symbiotic relationship with labour-intensive, natural resource- based livelihoods. 3) Service sector in India is not very labour- intensive. 4) Literate rural population is not willing to enter organized sector. Which of the statements given above are correct?”,”(b) 3 and 4 only”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(c) 1, 2 and 3 only”,”(d) 1,2,3and4”
22,C
23,”Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial inference that can be derived from the above passage?”,”(b) For meaningful financial inclusion, India’s banking system needs more number of banking correspondents and other such last-mile workers.”,”(a) Efforts to bring people in India’s hinterland into the banking system are not successful.”,”(c) Meaningful financial inclusion in India requires that banking correspondents have diverse skills.”,”(d) Better banking outreach would be impossible unless each banking correspondent is allowed to serve a number of banks.”
23,C
24,”Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial’ inference that can be derived from the above passage?”,”(b) In a competitive global economy, India must use regulations strategically.”,”(a) A better regulatory system will help India achieve the size of economy appropriate to its population.”,”(c) Regulations in India do not favour its integration with today’s hyper competitive global economy.”,”(d) Job creation and economic growth should be dominant considerations in developing India’s regulatory system.”
24,B
25,”On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: In today’s global economy, 1) Regulations are not effectively used to protect local markets. 2) Social and environmental concerns are generally ignored by the governments across the world while implementing the regulations. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?”,”(d) Neither 1 nor 2”,”(a) 1 only”,”(b) 2 only”,”(c) Both 1and2”
25,D
26,”Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial inference that can be derived from the above passage?”,”(d) Research on benign effects of gut bacteria on nutrition has policy implications.”,”(a) If malnourished condition in children is caused by gut bacteria, it cannot be treated.”,”(b) The guts of malnourished babies should be inoculated with mature microbiomes.”,”(c) Babies of malnourished mothers should be fed with dairy milk fortified with sialylated oligosaccharides instead of mother’s milk.”
26,D
27,”On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Processed probiotic foods are a solution to treat the children suffering from malnutrition due to immature gut bacteria composition. 2) The babies of malnourished mothers generally tend to be malnourished. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?”,”(b) 2 only”,”(a) 1 only”,”(c) Both 1 and 2”,”(d) Neither 1 nor 2”
27,B
28,”On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Regions of glaciers warm faster than other regions due to global warming. 2) Global warming can lead to seafloor sedimentation in some areas. 3) Melting glaciers can reduce marine biodiversity in some areas. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?”,”(d) 1, 2 and 3”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(b) 3 only”,”(c) 2 and 3 only”
28,C
29,”On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Global warming is a frequently occurring natural phenomenon. 2) The impending global warming will not adversely affect small mammals. 3) Humans are responsible for the loss of the Earth’s natural resilience. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?”,”(b) 3 only”,”(a) 1 and 2 only”,”(c) 2 and 3 only”,”(d) 1, 2 and 3”
29,B
30,”On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1) Humans have been the main reason for the large scale extinction of plant species. 2) Consumption of food mainly from locally cultivated crops ensures crop diversity. 3) The present style of production and distribution of food will finally lead to the problem of food scarcity in the near future. 4) Our food security may depend on our ability to preserve the locally cultivated varieties of crops. Which of the above assumptions are valid?”,”(d) 1 and 4”,”(a) 1 and 3”,”(b) 2 and 4”,”(c) 2 and 3”
30,B
