Reactivity Series Flashcards by Helena .

Simple non metal ions have names which end in…

-IDE

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non metal compound ions containing oxygen have names which end with…

-ATE

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what is the word equation for metal reacting with acid?

Metal+acid= salt and hydrogen Gas

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what is the word equation for magnesium and steam?

Magnesium + water = magnesium + hydrogen

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Why was the reaction between potassium and dilute sulphuric acid not attempted?

Would react to vigourously and it is too dangerous

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what is the definition of displacement reaction?

A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compound (as a solid or an aqueous solution)

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What apparatus is used for the thermite faction?

Safety mat
tripod
gauze
beaker
bowl
fluted filter paper

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What substances are used in a thermite reaction using Mg?

Magnesium fuse
fuse powder
thermite mixture (aluminium and iron oxide)
sand and water in a beaker

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Obvservation of a thermite reaction?

Very exothermic reaction
orangy/white flame as it drops through
black and grey sprees of iron (magnetic)

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What is the substances in the thermite reaction used for?

Welding

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Definition of oxidised?

Lose of electrons resulting in loss of oxygen

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Definition of reduction

Gain of electrons = gain of oxygen

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in what is the main extraction of metals?

The blast furnace

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What are the three raw materials used in the extraction of iron?

Iron ore
coke
limestone

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What makes up iron ore?

Haematite (iron III oxide)

- Also contains impurities e.g. sand

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what forms coke

formed from coal

mainly pure carbon

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what forms limestone?

Calcium carbonate (mainly

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Why does the ion sink?

Because it is very dense

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What goes into the blast furnace?

Iron ore
coke
limestone

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Which gas is released from the blast furnace?

Wast gasses eg carbon dioxide all v hot.

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What is the collecting known as

‘the charge’

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what is the blast furnace made of?

Made of steal lined with fire proof bricks

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What is put in the bottom of the blast furnace?

blasts of hot air

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what two substances comes out the bottom of the blast furnace.

Molten Iron

molten Slag

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What are the conditions needed for rusting?

Air (oxygen) and water

What is rust?

Iron oxide

What is the only metal that rusts?

Iron

Attaching a more reactive metal to a less reactive metal does what?

Prevents rusting

What does the hot air react with and to produce what firstly in the blast furnace?

coke to produce carbon dioxide

what is kind of reaction is the first reaction between coke and oxygen?

Exothermic Reaction

Blast Furnace: When the carbon dioxide is produced in the BF what kind of reaction then occurs between the carbon dioxide and the coke?

redox reaction

what causes the blast furnace to get up to 1600-2000C?

Exothermic reaction

When the carbon monoxide is produced what does it react with primarily?

-Iron oxide in the iron ore

What happens to the liquid iron?

trickles down and is collected at the bast of the furnace

what is the reducing agent in the furnace?

Carbon monoxide

Why is it so hot n the furnace?

So the iron is produced as a liquid

What is cast iron?

what is collected at the bottom of the furnace | -very strong but brittle does not have many uses

What happens to the iron when it is transported to steel works?

Carbon is remixed by bubbling oxygen gas through the liquid iron. -controlled amounts of carbon/other elements are added to make steal

What is steal an example of?

An alloy

What is the main impurity in the iron ore?

Sand | -acidic oxide

what is added to the impurities of iron to make them pure?

limestone

what happens to the calcium carbonate inside the blast furnace?

Thermal decomposition

What is the chemical name for slag?

Calcium silicate

what reacts with silicon dioxide in a neutralisation reaction?

calcium oxide

What is slag used for?

road construction brieze blocks building trade

definition of a redox reaction?

When both reduction and oxidation occur

what is the oxidising agent?

The substance that provides the oxygen and therefore the substance that is reduced during the reaction

What is the reducting agent?

accepts the oxygen and therefore during the reaction becomes oxidised

What is the most common iron ore used in the BF

haematite

What are alloys?

Mixtures of metals | stiffer and stronger than pure metal

What makes an alloy malleable and ductile?

the metal changes shape as the layers slide when it is pulled up.

almost all the iron we use is converted into what?

Steel

by alloying iron what does it do? EG stainless steal + ?

stronger and less brittle | stainless steel contains chromium prevents rusting

what does brittle mean?

Breaks easily

What is cast iron used for?

Manhole covers or engine blocks

Low carbon steel (mild steel) has what properties and is used for what?

- malleable - car bodies - construction (buildings, bridges, ships)

High carbon steel is used for what?

making tools

Stainless steel is used for what and why?

Cutlery | used when steel shouldn't rust and its resistant to corrostion

manganese steel is used for what and why?

Railway points because its very hard

aluminium is extracted from which ore?

Bauxite

What is bauxite?

-aluminium oxide mixed with impurities such as sand and iron oxide

How is aluminium extracted from purified aluminium oxide (alumina)

Electrolysis

solid aluminium oxide does not conduct electricity why?

- giant ionic struc. - strong ionic bonding - solid ions held in a fixed position they are not mobile so cannot carry electric current

Aluminium oxide melts at a very high temperature (2000C). Very expensive to keep the temp this high. So aluminium oxide is DISSOLVED in liquid cryolite (mpg 1000 C) Why?

- liquid cryolite = solvent - to lower operating temp - aluminium oxide on dissolving to make a solution can conduct electric current - ions now mobile

What ions are attracted to the negative electrode for the electrolysis of Aluminium oxide and why?

Al3+ | attracted because there positively charged

what is made at the negative electrode? | -electrolysis of aluminium oxide

aluminium atoms to for Al metal

What is made at the positive electrode (electrolyse of Al oxide)

oxygen gas | oxide ions attracted to positive electrode

What are two properties of aluminium that makes it useful for making drink cans?

Malleable | less dense

what role does aluminium oxide and cryolite play in the extraction of aluminium?

-Aluminium oxide=compound which Al is extracted from | Cryolite- lowers operating temp bc aluminium oxide is dissolved

Definition of malleable?

change shape without snapping/breaking

Definiton of ductile?

Made into wires

Definition of low density?

Low mass for its volume

definition of non toxic?

Not harmful/poisonous to humans

resistant to corrosion

withstand chemical reactions

Reactivity Series Flashcards

(74 cards)