Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry (Helena) > Atomic Structure and Covalent Bonding > Flashcards

Atomic Structure and Covalent Bonding Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is meant by the term Isotope.

A

An isotope is an atom with the same atomic number but different mass number.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is meant by the term relative atomic Mass?

A

The relative atomic mass is the calculation used to find the weighted average mass between two or more isotopes, using the abundance percentage X the atomic number.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is meant by the term covalent bond?

A

A covalent bond is the force of attraction between a shared pair of electrons and nuclei.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are simple Molecular structures?

A

Covalently bonded molecules with weak intermolecular forces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give two examples of substances with Giant covalent structures?

A

Diamond and Graphite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why do Giant covalent substances have high melting points?

A

They have a lot of very strong covalent bonds and it takes a huge amount of energy to break the bonds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain in terms of its structure why graphite is used as a lubricant?

A

Graphite is made up of layers of carbon. Graphite is very slippery and the layers separate very easily because of weak forces of attraction. As it is slippery it makes a good lubricant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In terms of its structure why is diamond used in cutting?

A

Diamond is made up of lots of covalent bonds which require a lot of energy to break. it is a giant interlocking molecular structure and is an very hard substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an atom?

A

A single particle (no charge)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a molecule?

A

two or more atoms chemically joined together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is an ion?

A

a charged particle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an element?

A

A collection of atoms or molecules of the same kind.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is a compound?

A

Two or more elements chemically combined.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a mixture?

A

different elements or compounds mixed together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the structure of an atom?

A

the atom is made up of a central nucleus surrounded by electron shells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three sub-atomic particles an atom is made up of?

A

Protons neutrons electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an atomic number?

A

Is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

18
Q

What is the mass number?

A

the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.

19
Q

Nuetral atoms have what kind of charge?

A

zero charge

20
Q

What is a charged atom called?

A

an ion

21
Q

If an electron is added to a neutral atom what kind of charge does it gain?

A

It becomes negatively charged.

22
Q

A covalent bond is usually formed between what?

A

Two non-metals

23
Q

the sharing of electrons results in what?

A

both atoms having a complete outer shell of electrons.

24
Q

what does a full shell mean?

A

the arrangement is particularly stable

25
Q

covalent bonds are?

A

very strong and require a lot of energy to break.

26
Q

Covalently substances can form two types of structures:

A

Simple molecular giant covalent

27
Q

what is a molecule?

A

A small group of atoms joined by covalent bonds

28
Q

3 molecular elements include:

A

oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen

29
Q

3 molecular compounds include:

A

Carbon Dioxide, water, methene

30
Q

Properties of simple molecular substances include:

A

They can be solids, liquids or gases, they have low melting and boiling points

31
Q

why do simple molecular substances have low melting points?

A

-Weak forces of attraction -wear intermolecular forces do not require a lot of energy to break

32
Q

Giant covalent substances include:

A

diamond (carbon atoms) graphite (carbon atoms) sand (silicon dioxide)

33
Q

diamond has what kind of melting points and why?

A

very high melting points because it has very strong covalent bonds

34
Q

In what way is Graphite arranged?

A

In layers of hexagons-strong covalent bonds join atoms together. layers need a lot of energy to break.

35
Q

What is between the layers in graphite?

A

Weak forces of attraction

36
Q

Does Graphite conduct electricity and why?

A

Yes, because it has delocalised electrons which can carry a current.

37
Q

How is sand (silicon dioxide) structured?

A

Each silicon atom is covalently bonded to 4 oxygen atoms and each oxygen is covalently bonded to two silicon atoms. No delocalised electrons

38
Q

Describe the structure of diamon

A
39
Q

describe the structure of Graphite?

A
40
Q

Describe the structure of sand

A

Chemistry (Helena) (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions