Reactions & Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Group 2 metal + water (& example)

A

Metal + Water –> Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Mg + 2H₂O –> Mg(OH)₂ + H₂

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2
Q

CaO + H₂O –>

A

CaO + H₂O –> Ca(OH)₂

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3
Q

How to increase ph (neutralize) soil?
+ reaction

A

By using Calcium hydroxide
Ca(OH)₂ + 2H⁺ –> Ca²⁺ + 2H₂O

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4
Q

How to treat indigestion?
+ reaction

A

Antacids such as Mg(OH)₂
Mg(OH)₂ + 2HCl –> MgCl₂ + 2H₂O

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5
Q

Halogens states at RTP

A

Fluorine: gas
Chlorine: gas
Bromine: liquid
Iodine: solid

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6
Q

Halogen-halide displacement reaction colours

A

Bromine: Orange (Br₂ formation, displaced)
Iodine: Violet (I₂ formation, displaced)

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7
Q

Chlorine + water?

A

Cl₂ + 2H₂O –> HClO + HCl
(disproportionation)

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8
Q

Test for halide ions

A

Ag⁺ + X⁻ –> AgX

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9
Q

Carbonate test

A

Carbonates react with acids to form CO₂, bubbling will indicate gas

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10
Q

Bubble through limewater

A

Bubbling CO₂ through limewater will turn it cloudy

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11
Q

Sulfate test

A

Add Ba²⁺ ions to solution (dilute acid), if it forms precipitate it has formed BaSO₄, so it’s sulfate

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12
Q

Halide test method

A

1) Add AgNO₃ to halide solution
2) Form colored precipitate
3) Add ammonia to test solubility

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13
Q

Colours + Solubility of AgX

A

Chlorine: white, soluble in dilute NH₃
Bromine: cream, soluble in conc NH₃
Iodine: yellow, insoluble

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14
Q

Order of test

A

1) carbonates CO₃²⁻
2) sulfates SO₄²⁻
3) halides Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻

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15
Q

Tests for ammonium ions
method + reaction

A

1) Add NaOH to solution
2) Ammonia gas will be produced
3) Test with ph
NH₄⁺ + OH⁻ –> NH₃ + H₂O

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16
Q

What colour does NH3 (g) turn litmus paper?

A

blue -> red

17
Q

Test for aldehydes

A

Tollen’s reagent, will form silver mirror

18
Q

Test for carbonyl group (+colour change)

A

2,4-DNP
Will form yellow-orange-red ppt

19
Q

Fehling’s solution

A

Distinguish between Aldehyde & Ketone
Aldehydes: Oxidized by Fehling’s, from blue to red precipitate)
Ketones: No reaction, cannot be oxidized further

20
Q

Chlorine + Sodium Hydroxide (+ reaction type)

A

Cl₂ + 2NaOH –> NaCl + NaClO + H₂O (disproportionation reaction)