Reactions of Organic Compounds Flashcards
What is the general formula of an alkane
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula of an alkene
CnH2n
What is the general formula for complete combustion of alkanes
alkane + oxygen -> carbondioxide + water
What is the general formula for substitution reactions with halogens for alkanes?
halogen + alkane -> haloalkane + hydrogenhalide
What is the general formula for incomplete combustion of alkanes
Alkane + Oxygen -> CarbonMonoxide + Water
How are alkanes formed
Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil
How are alkenes formed
By cracking (decomposing) alkanes.
What is the general formula for addition of halogens to alkenes?
halogen + alkene -> dihaloalkene
What is the general formula for the formation of alcohols?
alkene + water -> alcohol
What happens to the bonds in the alkene when it reacts with water to form an alcohol?
The C=C double bond breaks.
“ane” in alkane refers to?
Being saturated
“ene” in alkene refers to?
Having a C=C double bond
“ol” in alcohol refers to?
The presence of an OH
What is a renewable way to produce alcohol?
Fermentation of sugars
More things to know:
It is a batch process
Has a purity of max 15%
Sugars are decomposed by yeast, making alcohol and CO2
Carboxylic acids are made by?
Reacting an alcohol with an oxidising agent