Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Reactions Of Ipns In Solutipn > Flashcards

Reactions Of Ipns In Solutipn Flashcards

1
Q

What do most metal actions exist as in aqueous solution

A

The hexaaqua complex ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What kind of ions do main group metals form

A

Colourless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are most transition metal ions

A

Coloured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why are lost transition metal ions coloured

A

-incomplete d sub shell
-some wavelengths of vidible light absorbed
-d electrons ground state to excited state -
Remaining colours of visible light transmitted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Copper 2 hexaaqua ion colour

A

Blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Iron 3 hexaaqua ion colour

A

Purple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aluminium 3 hexaaqua ion colour

A

Colourless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is there a hydrolysis reaction beteeen in solution

A

Metal aqua ion and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the charge on the metal job cause the electron density in the water ligand to do

A

Move closer to metal ion- water ligand polarised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens if the metal ion had enough polarising power

A

Bonds in water weakened

One of bonds breaks and proton donated to water molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is relationship between pKa and strength of acidity of hexaaqua ion

A

Lower pka- stronger acid- equilibrium lies further to right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference in acidity due to in iron 2 and iron 3

A

Charge/size ratios

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why is iron 3 more acidic than iron 2

A

Smaller and more highly charged and therefore able to polarise water ligands more

OH bonds in water weakened more readily and protons more easily donated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Equations for al3+ hexaaqua with water

A

[Al(H2O)6]3+ + H2O > [Al(H2O)5(OH)]2+ + H3O+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why will al3 hexaaqua be more acidic than copper 2 hexaaqua

A

Al3 ions smaller and more highly charged therefore able to polarise water ligands more, weaken OH bonds therefore donate H+ ions more readily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does adding a base to an aqueous solution of the metal aqua ion produce

A

Insoluble precipitates of the metal hydroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Equation for adding hydroxide to metal aqua ion

A

[M(H2O)6]3+ + OH- > [M(H2O)5(OH)]2+ + H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happens to the equilibrium if you add more OH- ions to metal aqua ion

A

Equilibrium shifts to the right to oppose the increase in [OH-] and a new equilibrium set up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Equation for new equilibrium set up after adding more OH- ions to metal aqua ion

A

[M(H2O)5(OH)]2+ + OH- > [M(H2O)4(OH)2]+ + H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens to the equivlirum if you add FURTHER OH- ions to the metal aqua ion

A

Equilibrium shift to the right to oppose increase in [OH-] and final equilibrium set up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Equation for final equilibrium set up after adding further OH- ions to metal aqua ions

A

[M(H2O)4(OH)2] + OH- > [M(H2O)3(OH)3] + H2O

22
Q

Why does [M(H2O)3(OH)3] precipitate out

A

It’s neutral and insoluble

23
Q

Overall equation metal aqua ion and hydroxide

A

[M(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- > [M(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O

24
Q

Iron 2 hexaaqua ion colour

25
Q

Colour of PPT iron 2 and NAOH

26
Q

How can reaction between iron 2 hexaaqua and sodium hydroxide be reversed

A

Adding acid

27
Q

What colour ppt does Al3+ hexaaqua form with hydroxide

28
Q

Equation for aluminium hydroxide acting as a base

A

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H+ > [Al(H2O)6]3+

29
Q

Equation for aluminium hydroxide acting as an acid

A

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + OH- > [Al(H2O)2(OH)4]- + H2O

30
Q

What does the white ppt of aluminium hydroxide dissolve to form

A

A colourless solution

31
Q

Overall equation for metal hexaaqua ion with NAOH

A

[M(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- > [M(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2H2O

32
Q

What colour ppt is formed from reaction of iron 2 hexaaqua and NAOH

A

Green/grey

33
Q

Why does green/green iron 2 PPT turn green when left to stand in air

A

Oxidation to iron 3 hydroxide

34
Q

Equation for reaction of iron 2 oxide to iron 3 oxide

A

[Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] > [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + H+ + e-

35
Q

What colour ppt does copper 2 hexaaqua form with sodium hydroxide

36
Q

Why is ammonia able to react with metal aqua ions to produce metal hydroxides

A

It’s a weak base

37
Q

Reaction of iron 3 hexaaqua with aqueousammonia

A

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 > [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+

Brown ppt

38
Q

Reaction of aluminium 3 hexaaqua with aqueous ammonia

A

[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 > [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3NH4+

White ppt

39
Q

Why can’t ammonia hydrolyse aluminium hydroxide further

A

It’s a weak base

40
Q

Reaction of iron 2 hexaaqua with aqueous ammonia

A

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 > [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

Green grey ppt

41
Q

Reaction of copper 2 aqueous ammonia

A

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 > [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2NH4+

Blue ppt

42
Q

What can be formed by a ligand substitution reaction when an excess of ammonia is added to the copper 2 hydroxide precipitate

A

A new complex

43
Q

Equation for copper 2 hydroxide and excess ammonia

A

[Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 4NH3 > [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4 2+ + 2H2O + 2OH-

Deep blue soln

44
Q

Overall reaction between hexaaqua copper II ion and excess ammonia

A

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4NH3 > [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ + 2H2O

45
Q

What do 2+ metal ions react with sodium carbonate to form

A

Insoluble metal carbonates

46
Q

Reaction of copper 2 hexaaqua with sodium carbonate

A

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- > CuCO3 + 6H2O

Blue soln to blue green ppt

47
Q

Reaction iron 2 hexaaqua and aqueous sodium carbonate

A

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + CO32- > FeCO3 + 6H2O

Green soln to green grey ppt

48
Q

Why do 3+ metal ions form the hydroxide and release carbon dioxide gas when reacting with sodium carbonate

A

They’re stronger acids

49
Q

Reaction iron 3 with sodium carbonate

A

2[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- > 2Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3CO2 + 3H2O

Orange soln to brown ppt

50
Q

Equation aluminium 3 with sodium carbonate

A

2[Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- > 2[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3CO2 + 3H2O

Colourless soln

Fizz

Chemistry (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions