Reactionl Flashcards
What is the primary mediator of type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?
Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
Allergy type 1
Hypersensitivity to exogenous antigens
Common allergies pollen, mold. Fungi, foods, animals, dust
What are some allergy signs and symptoms?
Watery runny eyes
Runny nose
Sneezing
Nasal congestion
An itchy rash or hives
Anaphylaxis
Immediate type 1 hypersensitivity
Rapid release of IgE mediated chemicals
Induces severe, life threatening allergic reaction
Food, drug and insect bites
What are some signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis in the lungs?
Trouble breathing or noisy
Coughing, wheezing
Sneezing
Congestion
Tightness in lungs
Hoarseness
What are some signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis in the skin?
Pale or flushed skin
Hives or welts
Itchy skin
Sweating
Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis in the mouth
Swelling of throat face lips or tongue
Sighs and symptoms of anaphylaxis in stomach and digestion
Abdominal pain
nausea vomiting
Diarrhea
Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis in the heart and blood vessels
Chest pain
Low blood pressure
Week rapid pulse
Dizziness fainting
Stridor
When there physical constriction of the airway
High pitched whistling sound most often heard when taking a breath , trouble breathing
Parathesia
Numbness
Pruritus
Itching
Angioedema
Swelling around the mouth
Erythema
Redness
Urticaria
Itching
First line of defense for treatment for anaphylaxis
Epinephrine
What causes anaphylaxis?
Insect stings (bees,wasp, ant)
Medication reaction
Food allergy (peanuts,eggs, shellfish)
Anaphylactic reaction
Rapid onset
Dyspnea
Feeling of apprentice
Tingling swelling in mouth face throat and tongue
Itching
(Drop in bp,tachycardia, loss of consciousness)
Who carries an epi pen?
A person with identified anaphylaxis
What is the second line of defense or for mild allergic reactions ?
Benadryl
What is the dosage for an epi pen?
0.3 mg IM, one time use
How do you store an epi pen?
Light sensitive so needed to be kept in storage tube out of extreme heat or extreme cold
Where do you administer the epi pen?
In the thigh
What is so controversial about an epi pen?
Very expensive!!
Ways that epinephrine are administered in the hospital
SQ
IM
IV
SQ epinephrine
Given in a small needle just under the skin
Takes 5-10 minutes to work
Will last 1-4 hours in the body
IM epinephrine
in a big muscles
Will take 6-12 minutes to kick in
Will last 1-4 hours
IV epinephrine
Will kick in rapidly
Will last 20-30 mins
SQ,IM for anaphylactic reactions
Small doses
May repeat every 10-15 minutes
IV for anaphylactic reactions
Given every 5-15 minutes
What happens when anaphylactic is not going down?
We can continuously give epinephrine for a short period of time
How can Benadryl be given ?
PO
IM
IV
PO Benadryl route
Takes 15-60 minutes
Last 4-8 hours
IM Benadryl
takes 20-30 to kick in
Last 4-8 hours
IV Benadryl
Onset rapidly
Last 4-8 hours
Most allergies are atopic-genetic predisposed. What does that mean?
There is a genetic pre disposition of the development of allergies
