Patient Education Flashcards
Why educate?
Essential component of safe patient center care
Standard for professional nursing practice
Falls within the scope of nursing practice
What do we teach?
Health analogies
Restoration of health
Coping with impaired functions
Promotion of health and illness prevention
Teaching
Purpose - produce a change in behavior
Learning
Purposeful acquisition of measurable factors through an experience or external stimulus
Factors of learning
New knowledge
Attitudes
Behaviors
Skills
What has to happen at the beginning of teaching and learning
They have to be motivated to learn
Nurses role
Determine what patients and families need to know
Identify patients existing knowledge, learning preferences and readiness to learn
Make sure info is accurate, complete, relevant to the patients needs language and literacy
Timely- patient family ready
What is the goal?
Assist the patient to make informed decisions regarding their care
Promotes the patients understanding
The positive effects of change through education
When is the best time to teach patient about their diet- TIMELY
Not right after post op when they are out of it
Domains of learning
Cognitive
Affective
Psychomotor
Cognitive
Reading and learning from that
One to one instruction
Like one person teaching you
Ex. Learning facts about hypertension
Affective
Expression and feelings
Development of attitudes opinions and values
One to one counseling role play
Ex. Changing a belief about the dangers of smoking
Psychomotor
Demonstration/ return demonstration
Practice
Ok now show me how i taught you
Ex. Self administration of insulin
Basic learning principles
Stimulus to learn
Readiness to learn
Ability to learn
Learning environment
Stimulus to learn
MOTIVATION
Find a way to make it fun for the patient
Changing tone of voice and approach to what the patient will respond to
Motivate the patient
Stimulus to learn : THEORY
Use a theory
Natchez a persons learning needs and personal preferences
Enhances motivation, learning
Social learning theory
Consider behavior patterns and environment, self efficacy is the major concept
Stimulus to learn - CULTURE
Respect the patients identity and needs
Regardless of age religous practices
Social and or socioeconomic status
Physical appearance
Stimulus to learn- active participation
Implies an eagerness
Acquire knowledge or skills
Retain 10% read
90% speak and do
Readiness to learn
Attentional set
Psychosocial adaption
Attentional set
Mental and physically-learner is prepared to learn
What would help the learner be prepared to learn?
Comfortable enviroment
Presence of family
What can be an obstacle for the learner to learn
Physical discomfort
Anxiety- high
Enviroment distractions
Presence of family
Psychosocial adaption
Process
Assist the patient after and incident
Illness injury or both
Ex. Grieving , emotions
Inability to learn
Developmental capability
Children
Adults
Physical capability
Neurosensory issues
Healthy literacy
Other literacy issues
Development capability
Cognitive development affects the persons ability to learn
Without proper physiological, motor, social development
Ex. Birth defect ( but there is ways around it and learn to get by)
Children
The development stage of a child determines cabability to learn
And types of behaviors that children can learn
Infants
Hold infant firmly while smiling and speaking softly to convey sense of trust
Toddler
Use play to teach procedure or activity
Using simple words
ex. Applying bandage to doll
Preschooler
Use simple explanations and demonstrations
School age
Teach psychomotor skills needed to maintain health
Offer opportunities to discuss health problems and answer questions
Adolescent
Use teaching as collaborative activity
Allow adolescents to make decisions about health and health promotions
Adults
Critical thinking
Direct their own learning
Talk to adults like adults
Offer info so adults understands
Encourage participation in teaching plan by setting mutual goals
Older adults
Teach when client is alert and rested
Involve adult in discussion or activity
Individualize to the person
Physical capability
Influences level of personal involvement
Physical health
Energy
Neaurosensory issues
Feel see hear and grasp
In older adults these can deteriorate
Health literacy
Affects patients ability
Understand basic health care information
Needed to make appropriate health care decisions
Other literacy issues
Patients ability to read write speak the same language as the health care provider
How can bad experiences effect ability to learn
They assume it will be like that at every hospital or when a man doesn’t want to learn from a woman
Learning enviroment
Affects the persons attention to instruction
Room- well lit appropriate furniture
Quiet private good ventilation
Comfortable tempature
What is the appropriate number of group in the hospital
6 or fewer
Make sure the room is right size and all participants can see and hear one another
Challenges to teaching and learning
Conflicting schedule
Teaching not seen as a priority
