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RBC Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Name given to the collection of all stages of Erythrocytes throughout the body

A

Erythron

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2
Q

A hormone produced in kidney in response to Tissue Hypoxia

A

Erythropoietin

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3
Q

Specific Action of EPO (3)

A
  1. Induces commited progenitor cells
  2. Shortens generation time of pronormoblast
  3. Promotes Early Release of Retics
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4
Q

Elevated EPO are observed in? (4)

A
  1. Erythroid Hyperplasia
  2. Polycythemia
  3. Hemorrhage
  4. Increase RBC Destruction
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5
Q

Stain used to identify RBC

A

Wright’s Stain

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6
Q

Size of Central Pallor of Mature RBC

A

1/3

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7
Q

Term describing the dynamics of RBC production and destruction

A

Erythrokinetics

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8
Q

% of Protein in the Erythrocyte Membrane

A

52%

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9
Q

% of Lipid in Erythrocyte Membrane

A

40%

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10
Q

% of Carbohydrates in Erythrocyte Membrane

A

8%

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11
Q

Protein that extends from outer surface and spans the entire membrane

A

Integral Protein

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12
Q

Protein that is related to Cell shape, structure deformation

A

Peripheral Protein

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13
Q

Most Abundant Peripheral Protein

A

Spectrin

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14
Q

3 Lipids under Internal Surface

A
  1. Phosphatidylethanolamine
  2. Phosphatidylinositol
  3. Phosphatidylserine
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15
Q

Ligand for Phagocytosis of Dead Cell

A

PhosphatidylETHANOLAMINE

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16
Q

It compliment regulatory proteins

A

phosphatidylINOSITOL

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17
Q

This signals RBC death and is important for clearance of RBC Circulation

A

phosphatidylSERINE

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18
Q

Most abundant Lipid in External Surface?

A

phosphatidylCHOLINE

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19
Q

3 Lipids under External Surface

A
  1. phosphatidylcholine
  2. Glycolipid
  3. Sphingomyelin
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20
Q

This maintains the cholesterol content of RBC

A

Lecithin Carbohydrate Acyltransferace (LCAT(

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21
Q

What component of the Erythrocyte Membrane Determines the blood type?

A

Carbohydrates

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22
Q

Carbohydrate associated with A Antigen

A

N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine (NADG)

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23
Q

Carbohydrate associated with B Antigen

A

D-Galactose

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24
Q

Carbohydrate associated with AB Blood Type

A

NADG

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25
4 Components under Vertical Anchorage
1. Transmembrane Proteins 2. Integral Proteins 3. Transverse across bilipid layer 4. Band 3
26
5 Components under Horizontal Anchorage
1. Cytoskeleton Proteins 2. Peripheral Proteins 3. Spectrin 4. Actin 5. Protein 4.1
27
3 Components of Integral Protein
1. Band 3 2. Aquaporin 3. Glycophorin A
28
Protein that is important for prevention of Surface Loss and an Anion Transporter
Band 3
29
Protein that is a Water Transporter and related to Colton Antigen
Aquaporin
30
Protein that is a Sialic Acid Transporter
Glycophorin A
31
3 Functions of Spectrin
1. Flexible 2. Biconcave Shape 3. Binding site for Actin and Protein 4.1
32
Protein that is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of the membrane
Actin
33
Protein that stabilizes actin-spectrin interaction
Protein 4.2
34
Protein that stabilizes interaction of Spectrin with actin
Adducin
35
Adducin is influenced by ____ for actin interaction
Calmodulin
36
Protein that interacts with Band 3 and Spectrin to achieve Linkage
Ankyrin
37
This regulates actin polymerization
Tropomyosin
38
This controls the actin filaments length
Tropomodulin
39
Deformability is influenced by? (3)
1. Cell Shape 2. Cytoplasmic Viscosity 3. Membrane Deformability and Stability
40
Membrane Loss results to?
Reduced Surface Area
41
Ratio used for Cell Shape Survival?
Surface Area / Volume
42
Pathway that is a major source of essential cellular energy
Embden-Meyerhof Pathway
43
Glucose undergoes Glycolysis to form what?
ATPs
44
Embden-Meyerhof Pathway maintains what its in reduced state?
Pyridine Nucleotides
45
Oxidative catabolism of glucose with reduction of NADP to NADPH
Hexose Monophosphate Shunt / Oxidative Pathway
46
Pathway relating to the production of Heinz Bodies
Oxidative Pathway
47
This pathway prevent oxidation of heme iron
Methemoglobin Reductase Pathway
48
This mechanism is low in energy consumption and is capable of regulating oxygen transport with hypoxia and acid-base disorders
Leubering-Rapoport Pathway
49
Leubering-Rapoport permits accumulation of?
2,3 DPG
50
This regulates oxygen affinity of Hemoglobin
Leubering-Rapoport Pathway
51
5 Mechanism of Red Cell Destruction
1. Fragmentation 2. Osmotic Lysis 3. Erythrophagocytosis 4. Complement induced cytolysis 5. Hemoglobin Denaturation
52
Red Cell Destruction that deals with loss of a portion of Erythrocytes membrane
Fragmentation
53
Red Cell Destruction that deals with passing of water into cell to burst it
Osmotic Lysis
54
Red Cell Destruction that deals with ingestion of whole red cells by circulating Monocytes and Neutrophils
Erythrophagocytosis
55
Red Cell Destruction that deals when Hemoglobin is exposed to oxidant stress
hemoglobin denaturation
56
What % of Aged Red cell undergoes Intravascular Helolysis?
10%
57
Type of hemolysis that occurs in Intravascular Catabolism? (2)
1. Fragmentation 2. Mechanical
58
Type of Hemolysis that occurs in Extravascular Catabolism
Macrophage-Mediated Hemolysis
59
Catabolism that happens in senescent RBCs
Extravascular Catabolism
60
Yellowish-Brown crystals in urine that indicates ongoing Hemolysis
Hemosiderin
61
Free Hemoglobin binds to what?
haptoglobin
62
Heme absorbed into albumin forms?
Methemalbumin
63
Methemalbumin is then converted to?
Hemopexin
64
3 Laboratory Diagnosis of Intravascular Hemolysis
1. Low Haptoglobin 2. High Hemopexin 3. High Hemoglobinuria/Hemosiderinuria
65
Bacterial Infection under Intravascular Hemolysis?
C. perfringens sepsis
66
Parasitic Infection under Intravascular Hemolysis
P. malaria
67
Causes port wine urine?
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

HEMA LEC (4 decks)

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