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HEMA LEC > Hematopoiesis > Flashcards

Hematopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

A continuous, regulated process of blood cell production

A

Hematopoiesis

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2
Q

Cell blood production includes? (4)

A
  1. Cell Renewal
  2. Proliferation
  3. Differentiation
  4. Maturation
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3
Q

3 Hematopoietic development

A
  1. Post Natal Development
  2. Fetal Development
  3. Post Natal Development
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4
Q

3 Phases of Pre-Natal Development

A
  1. Mesoblastic Phase
  2. Hepatic Phase
  3. Myeloid Phase
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5
Q

Mesoblastic Phase is also known as?

A

Primitive Phase

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6
Q

Mesoblastic Phase Begins at?

A

19th Day after Fertilization

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7
Q

Chief site of Mesoblastic Phase?

A

Yolk Sac

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8
Q

First cells to be found in the Yolk Sac and where does it arise from?

A

Primitive Erythrocytes / Mesodermal Cells

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9
Q

3 Embryonic Hemoglobin?

A
  1. Gower 1
  2. Gower 2
  3. Portland
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10
Q

At what phase does Alpha Globin Chain Begins?

A

Mesoblastic Phase

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11
Q

Gower 1 Globin Chain Combination

A

2 Epsilon 2 Zeta

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12
Q

Gower 2 Globin Chain Combination

A

2 Alpha 2 Epsilon

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13
Q

Portland Globin Chain Combination

A

2 Zeta 2 Gamma

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14
Q

Hepatic phase is also known as?

A

Definitive Hematopoiesis

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15
Q

Hepatic Phase chief site

A

Liver

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16
Q

Hepatic phase begins at?

A

5-7 Gestational Weeks

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17
Q

What developing organs contribute to the Hepatic Phase? (4)

A
  1. Thymus
  2. Spleen
  3. Kidney
  4. Lymph Nodes
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18
Q

Major Site for T Cell Production

A

Thymus

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19
Q

Organs that produces B Cells (2)

A
  1. Kidney
  2. Spleen
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20
Q

Embryonic Hemoglobin will be converted into what Hemoglobin? (2)

A
  1. Hemoglobin F
  2. Hemoglobin A
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21
Q

Hemoglobin F Globin Chain Combination

A

2 Alpha 2 Gamma

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22
Q

Myeloid Phase is also known as?

A

Medullary Phase

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23
Q

When does Medullary Phase Start?

A

4th and 5th Month of Fetal Development

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24
Q

Chief Site of Medullary Phase

A

Bone Marrow

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25
Myeloid to Erythroid Ratio
3:1
26
Glycoproteins that are responsible for stimulation and Production of RBCs
Erythropoietin
27
Type of Growth Factor
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor
28
Stimulates the production of Granulocyte, Monocyte and Macrophage
GM-CSF (Granulocyte Macrophage CSF)
29
Hemoglobin A Globin Chain Combination
2 Alpha 2 Beta
30
Hemoglobin A2 Globin Chain Combination
2 Alpha 2 Delta
31
Cells for the production if Granulocyted
Myeloid
32
Lymphoid Tissue where T and B Lymphocytes are derived
Primary Lymphoid Tissue
33
Sites where Adult Hematopoiesis Occurs (6)
1. Tibia 2. Femur 3. Lymph Nodes 4. Rib 5. Sternum 6. Vertebra
34
2 Major Functions of BM?
1. Proliferation 2. Production of Blood Cells
35
2 Major Components of BM?
1. Red Marrow 2. Yellow Marrow
36
Hematopoietically Active Marrow
Red Marrow
37
2 Progenitors in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell
1. CMP 2. CLP
38
2 Progenitors in the Hematopoietic Stem Cell
1. CMP 2. CLP
39
4 Main Functions of Red Marrow
1. Produce Blood Cells 2. Destroy RBC 3. Iron Storage 4. Central Organ for B Lymphocyte development
40
Inactive marrow that is composed of Adipocytes and Fat Cells
Yellow Marrow
41
Process of replacing the active marrow by yellow marrow
Retrogression
42
Plays an important role in Stem Cell Differentiation and Proliferation
Hematopoietic Microenvironment
43
semifluid matrix that serves as an anchor for developing Hematopoietic cells
Stroma
44
Composition of Stroma (6)
1. Endothelial Cells 2. Adipocytes 3. Macrophages 4. Osteoblasts 5. Osteoclasts 6. Retics
45
Regulates the flow of particles entering and leaving Hematopoietic spaces
Endothelial Cells
46
Secretes various steroids that influence Erythropoiesis
Adipocytes
47
Bone Forming Cells with comet appearance
Osteoblasts
48
Bone Resorbing or Destroying Cells
Osteoclasts
49
Supports the vascular sinuses and developing Hematopoietic cells
Retics
50
Major site for blood cells production during 2nd trimester
Liver
51
4 Functions of Liver
1. Protein Synthesis 2. Drug clearance 3. Iron Storage 4. Hemoglobin Degredation
52
Largest Lymphoid organ in the body
Spleen
53
2 Functions of Spleen
1. Indiscriminate Filter 2. Platelet Storage Site
54
3 Regions of Spleen
1. White Pulp 2. Red Pulp 3. Marginal Zone
55
Consists of Scattered follicles with germinal center
White Pulp
56
Composed of Vascular Sinusoids and Sinuses separated
Red Pulp
57
Surrounds the white pulp and forms reticular meshwork
Marginal Zone
58
2 Methods of Removing Senescent from Circulation
1. Culling 2. Pitting
59
Cells ate phagocytized with subsequent degradation of cell organelles
Culling
60
Spleenic Macrophages remove inclusions or damage surface membrane
Pitting
61
3 Functions of Lymph Nodes
1. Formation of New Lymphocytes 2. Processing Specific Immunoglobulin 3. Filtration of Particulate Matter
62
3 Regions of Lymph Nodes
1. Cortex 2. Medulla 3. Paracortex
63
Organ Responsible in the conditioning of T Lymphocytes
Thymus
64
Cell that have extensive proliferative capacity
Stem Cells
65
2 Functions of Stem Cells
1. Give rise to new stem cell 2. Differentiate any blood cell lines
66
3 Hematopoietic Growth Factors
1. CSF 2. EPO 3. TPO
67
Pan myeloid growth factor that stimulates Granulocytes, Monocytes, Macrophages and Eosinophils
GM-CSF
68
Stimulates Granulocytes production and functional activation
G-CSF
69
Stimulates Monocyte and Macrophage Production
M-CSF
70
Monocytes, Fibroblast and Megakaryocytes
Meg-CSF
71
Stimulates proliferation, growth and differentiation of Erythroid Precursors
EPO
72
Regulates Production of Platelets
TPO
73
Organ Source for TPO
Liver
74
Control of Hematopoiesis (3)
1. Multiplication 2. Gradual Maturation 3. Orderly Release
75
3 Possible Activities of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
1. Self-Renewal 2. Differentiation 3. Apotosis
76
Programmed cell death
Apoptosis
77
Group of Specific Glycoproteins
Cytokines
78
6 Cytokines
1. Interleukins 2. Lymphokines 3. Monokines 4. Interferons 5. CSF 6. Chemokines
79
Positive Influence of Cytokines (7)
1. IL-1 2. IL-3 3. IL-6 4. IL-9 5. IL-11 6. GM-CSF 7. Kit Ligand
80
Works synergistically with TPO for production of platelets (3)
1. IL-3 2. IL-6 3. IL-9

HEMA LEC (4 decks)

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