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HEMA LEC > Introduction to Hematology > Flashcards

Introduction to Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of medical science that deals with the study of clinical, morphological and laboratory disorders.

A

Hematology

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2
Q

Greek Word “Haima” means what?

A

Blood

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3
Q

Hematology analyzes the ____, ______, and ______ of the cells in the blood.

A
  1. Concentration
  2. Structure
  3. Function
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4
Q

Most common hema lab test

A

CBC

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5
Q

When and whom did describe worms in the blood?

A

1657 / Athanasius Kircher

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6
Q

Who and When was RBCs discovered?

A

Swammerdam / 1658

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7
Q

Who and when was Human Erythrocytes discovered?

A

1674 / Van Leuwenhoek

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8
Q

When was platelets described?

A

1842

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9
Q

Platelets are also known as?

A

Thrombocytes

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10
Q

Polymorphonuclear was distinguished from leukocytes by ______ at _____

A

Wharton James / 1846

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11
Q

Who and when was the first complete classification of leukocytes?

A

Ehrlich / 1879

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12
Q

When and who developed Wright Stain?

A

1902 / James Homer Wright

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13
Q

When was Hematology considered as a separate science?

A

1920

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14
Q

Unit Measurement for MCV and MPV

A

Femtoliter

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15
Q

This determines what type of anemia.

A

Blood Indices

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16
Q

5 Parameters of CBC.

A
  1. RBC Count
  2. WBC Count
  3. Hg Det
  4. Hct Det
  5. Differential Count
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17
Q

Unit of Measurement for MCHC

A

Picogram

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18
Q

Where does blood circulate? (4)

A
  1. Heart
  2. Vein
  3. Arteries
  4. Capillaries
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19
Q

Blood Carries what to the tissues?

A

Oxygen and Nutrients

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20
Q

Where does blood carry the waste products?

A
  1. Lungs
  2. Liver
  3. Kidney
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21
Q

What are the 2 waste products of blood?

A
  1. Creatinine
  2. Urea
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22
Q

Average pH of blood?

A

7.4

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23
Q

What maintains the normal pH level of blood?

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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24
Q

> 7.5 pH?

A

Alkalosis

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25
Q

<7.3 pH?

A

Acidosis

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26
Q

Blood Flow?

A

Heart - Arteries - Capillaries - Veins - Heart

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27
Q

What are the 3 Formed Elements in the blood?

A
  1. Leukocytes
  2. Erythrocytes
  3. Platelets
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28
Q

Liquid portion of unclotted blood

A

Plasma

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29
Q

Chemical that prevents blood from clotting?

A

Anticoagulant

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30
Q

Liquid portion of clotted blood?

A

Serum

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31
Q

Normal color of plasma?

A

Hazy and Pale Yellow

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32
Q

plasma %?

A

55%

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33
Q

Buffy coat %?

A

<1%

34
Q

RBC%?

A

45%

35
Q

Protein % in plasma?

A

7%

36
Q

What is the composition of Protein in plasma?

A
  1. Fibrinogen
  2. Albumin
  3. Globulin
37
Q

% of Fibrinogen?

A

7%

38
Q

Fibrinogen is used for?

A

Clotting

39
Q

What maintains the osmotic balance between the blood and the tissue fluid?

A

Albumin

40
Q

% of Albumin?

A

55%

41
Q

% of Globulin?

A

38%

42
Q

Protein that is synthesized by the Liver

A

Globulin

43
Q

What layer of buffy coat is the lightest layer?

A

Uppermost Layer

44
Q

The lightest layer of buffy coat consist of?

A

Platelets

45
Q

The mid layer of buffy coat consist of?

A

Agranulocytes

46
Q

Where can Granulocytes and Reticulocytes in the buffy coat can be found?

A

Lower Layer

47
Q

Normal Color of Serum?

A

Clear and Straw Colored

48
Q

What does plasma have that serum doesn’t?

A

Fibrinogen / Factor 1

49
Q

Anti-hemophilic factor?

A

F8

50
Q

Anti-hemophilic factor?

A

F8

51
Q

Factor 5 is also known as?

A

Leiden

52
Q

Factor 5 is also known as?

A

Leiden

53
Q

Fibrin Stabilizing Factor

A

F13

54
Q

Fibrin Stabilizing Factor

A

F13

55
Q

Factor 2 is also known as?

A

Prothrombin

56
Q

Factor 2 is also known as?

A

Prothrombin

57
Q

In Vitro blood _____ in _____

A

Coagulates // 5-10 mins

58
Q

in vivo, blood is in ____

A

fluid

59
Q

_____ thicker than water

A

3.5-4.5 times

60
Q

In vivo blood is in ____

A

Fluid

61
Q

Total blood volume in newborns?

A

250-350 ml

62
Q

Formation of clot is also known as?

A

Thrombosis

63
Q

3 Organs responsible in maintaining the blood’s pH?

A
  1. Kidney
  2. Lungs
  3. Brain
64
Q

Responsible for the excretion of H+ and OH

A

Kidney

65
Q

Responsible for the Regulation of CO²

A

Brain

66
Q

What is the 4 buffer system of pH?

A
  1. Carbonate
  2. Phosphate
  3. Protein
  4. Hemoglobin
67
Q

What prevents blood to be acidic?

A

Carbonate

68
Q

Works in the internal fluid of cell?

A

Phosphate

69
Q

What binds to the small amount of acid?

A

Hemoglobin

70
Q

Specific Gravity is also called as?

A

Relative Density

71
Q

Specific Gravity is maintained by ___ and ____

A

RBCs // Plasma Proteins

72
Q

Range of Whole Blood SG

A

1.045 & 1.066

73
Q

Range of SG of Serum

A

1.024-1.028

74
Q

Range of SG of Plasma

A

1.025-1.029

75
Q

Color of Oxygenated blood/Arterial Blood?

A

Bright Red

76
Q

Color of deoxygenated blood/venous blood?

A

Dark purplish red

77
Q

Color of Hemoglobin with O²?

A

Purple

78
Q

Color of Hemoglobin without O²?

A

blue

79
Q

it is the Concentration of solutes dissolved in blood

A

Osmolality

80
Q

Part of the whole blood that controls hemostasis

A

Thrombocytes

81
Q

7 Functions of Blood?

A
  1. Respiratory
  2. Nutritional
  3. Excretory
  4. Buffering Action
  5. Maintain Body Temp
  6. Transport Hormone
  7. Body Defence Mechanism
82
Q

2 Phagocytic Cells

A
  1. Neutrophil
  2. Monocyte

HEMA LEC (4 decks)

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