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HEMA LEC > Introduction to Hematology > Flashcards

Introduction to Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of medical science that deals with the study of clinical, morphological and laboratory disorders.

A

Hematology

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2
Q

Greek Word “Haima” means what?

A

Blood

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3
Q

Hematology analyzes the ____, ______, and ______ of the cells in the blood.

A
  1. Concentration
  2. Structure
  3. Function
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4
Q

Most common hema lab test

A

CBC

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5
Q

When and whom did describe worms in the blood?

A

1657 / Athanasius Kircher

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6
Q

Who and When was RBCs discovered?

A

Swammerdam / 1658

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7
Q

Who and when was Human Erythrocytes discovered?

A

1674 / Van Leuwenhoek

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8
Q

When was platelets described?

A

1842

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9
Q

Platelets are also known as?

A

Thrombocytes

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10
Q

Polymorphonuclear was distinguished from leukocytes by ______ at _____

A

Wharton James / 1846

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11
Q

Who and when was the first complete classification of leukocytes?

A

Ehrlich / 1879

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12
Q

When and who developed Wright Stain?

A

1902 / James Homer Wright

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13
Q

When was Hematology considered as a separate science?

A

1920

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14
Q

Unit Measurement for MCV and MPV

A

Femtoliter

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15
Q

This determines what type of anemia.

A

Blood Indices

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16
Q

5 Parameters of CBC.

A
  1. RBC Count
  2. WBC Count
  3. Hg Det
  4. Hct Det
  5. Differential Count
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17
Q

Unit of Measurement for MCHC

A

Picogram

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18
Q

Where does blood circulate? (4)

A
  1. Heart
  2. Vein
  3. Arteries
  4. Capillaries
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19
Q

Blood Carries what to the tissues?

A

Oxygen and Nutrients

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20
Q

Where does blood carry the waste products?

A
  1. Lungs
  2. Liver
  3. Kidney
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21
Q

What are the 2 waste products of blood?

A
  1. Creatinine
  2. Urea
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22
Q

Average pH of blood?

A

7.4

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23
Q

What maintains the normal pH level of blood?

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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24
Q

> 7.5 pH?

A

Alkalosis

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25
<7.3 pH?
Acidosis
26
Blood Flow?
Heart - Arteries - Capillaries - Veins - Heart
27
What are the 3 Formed Elements in the blood?
1. Leukocytes 2. Erythrocytes 3. Platelets
28
Liquid portion of unclotted blood
Plasma
29
Chemical that prevents blood from clotting?
Anticoagulant
30
Liquid portion of clotted blood?
Serum
31
Normal color of plasma?
Hazy and Pale Yellow
32
plasma %?
55%
33
Buffy coat %?
<1%
34
RBC%?
45%
35
Protein % in plasma?
7%
36
What is the composition of Protein in plasma?
1. Fibrinogen 2. Albumin 3. Globulin
37
% of Fibrinogen?
7%
38
Fibrinogen is used for?
Clotting
39
What maintains the osmotic balance between the blood and the tissue fluid?
Albumin
40
% of Albumin?
55%
41
% of Globulin?
38%
42
Protein that is synthesized by the Liver
Globulin
43
What layer of buffy coat is the lightest layer?
Uppermost Layer
44
The lightest layer of buffy coat consist of?
Platelets
45
The mid layer of buffy coat consist of?
Agranulocytes
46
Where can Granulocytes and Reticulocytes in the buffy coat can be found?
Lower Layer
47
Normal Color of Serum?
Clear and Straw Colored
48
What does plasma have that serum doesn't?
Fibrinogen / Factor 1
49
Anti-hemophilic factor?
F8
50
Anti-hemophilic factor?
F8
51
Factor 5 is also known as?
Leiden
52
Factor 5 is also known as?
Leiden
53
Fibrin Stabilizing Factor
F13
54
Fibrin Stabilizing Factor
F13
55
Factor 2 is also known as?
Prothrombin
56
Factor 2 is also known as?
Prothrombin
57
In Vitro blood _____ in _____
Coagulates // 5-10 mins
58
in vivo, blood is in ____
fluid
59
_____ thicker than water
3.5-4.5 times
60
In vivo blood is in ____
Fluid
61
Total blood volume in newborns?
250-350 ml
62
Formation of clot is also known as?
Thrombosis
63
3 Organs responsible in maintaining the blood's pH?
1. Kidney 2. Lungs 3. Brain
64
Responsible for the excretion of H+ and OH
Kidney
65
Responsible for the Regulation of CO²
Brain
66
What is the 4 buffer system of pH?
1. Carbonate 2. Phosphate 3. Protein 4. Hemoglobin
67
What prevents blood to be acidic?
Carbonate
68
Works in the internal fluid of cell?
Phosphate
69
What binds to the small amount of acid?
Hemoglobin
70
Specific Gravity is also called as?
Relative Density
71
Specific Gravity is maintained by ___ and ____
RBCs // Plasma Proteins
72
Range of Whole Blood SG
1.045 & 1.066
73
Range of SG of Serum
1.024-1.028
74
Range of SG of Plasma
1.025-1.029
75
Color of Oxygenated blood/Arterial Blood?
Bright Red
76
Color of deoxygenated blood/venous blood?
Dark purplish red
77
Color of Hemoglobin with O²?
Purple
78
Color of Hemoglobin without O²?
blue
79
it is the Concentration of solutes dissolved in blood
Osmolality
80
Part of the whole blood that controls hemostasis
Thrombocytes
81
7 Functions of Blood?
1. Respiratory 2. Nutritional 3. Excretory 4. Buffering Action 5. Maintain Body Temp 6. Transport Hormone 7. Body Defence Mechanism
82
2 Phagocytic Cells
1. Neutrophil 2. Monocyte

HEMA LEC (4 decks)

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