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Physiology > RBC, Blood Types > Flashcards

RBC, Blood Types Flashcards

1
Q

Components of blood

A

plasma (55%)
leukocytes and platelets (1%)
erythrocytes (44%)

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2
Q

What is in plasma?

A

water, proteins (albumin, fibrinogen, globulins), electrolytes

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3
Q

What is hematocrit?

A

cellular elements~ RBC

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4
Q

What is serum?

A

plasma minus clotting factors

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5
Q

What is the lifespan of a RBC, where is it destroyed?

A

120 days

spleen

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6
Q

Do RBC have a nucleus? Do they have mitochondia?

A

no & no

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7
Q

What is the shape of a RBC?

A

biconcave

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8
Q

What enzyme do RBC contain?

A

carbonic anhydrase

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9
Q

carbonic anhydrase

A

enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction between CO2 + H2O to form carbonic acid (H2CO3)

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10
Q

In what form does water of the blood transport CO2?

A

bicarbonate ion (HCO3-)

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11
Q

How much hemoglobin do men and women have?

A

45% (15g/dl) men

40% (14g/dl) women

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12
Q

Hemoglobin

A

the protein in RBC responsible for carrying oxygen

4 subunits each with iron and heme group

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13
Q

anemia

A

lower than normal number of RBC or quantity of hemoglobin

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14
Q

blood loss anemia

A

hemorrhage

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15
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

sickle cell anemia

autoimmune disease

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16
Q

microcytic anemia

A

lack of iron

low hemoglobin concentration

17
Q

megaloblastic anemia

A

B12, folate deficiency

18
Q

polycythemia vera

A

thick blood, slow flow, clot easily, increase in Hb

19
Q

describe the genesis of RBCs

A 
1-proerythroblast
2-basophil erythroblast
3- polychromatophil erythroblast
4- orthochromatic eryhtroblast
5- reticulocyte
6- erthrocyte
20
Q

chart microcytic anemia

A 
Hb- decrease
RBC- decrease
Hematocrit- decrease
MCV- decrease
MCH- decrease
21
Q

chart megaloclastic anemia

A 
Hb- decrease
RBC- decrease
Hematocrit- decrease
MCV- increase
MCH- increase
22
Q

chart blood loss anemia

A 
Hb- decrease
RBC- decrease
Hematocrit- decrease
MCV- normal
MCH- normal
23
Q

MCV

A

mean corpuscular volume

24
Q

MCH

A

mean corpuscular hemoglobin

25
Q

What are factors that decrease tissue oxygenation?

A 
hypovolemia
anemia
low Hb
poor blood flow
pulmonary disease
26
Q

What controls the amount of RBCs created?

A

the amount of tissue oxygenation

27
Q

erythropoletin

A

a circulating hormone that senses low oxygen states and is formed in the kidneys

28
Q

how does erythropoletin work?

A

1- stimulates production of RBCs by the stem cells

2- causes cells to pass more rapidly through the different erthroblastic phases

29
Q

What is blood doping/infusion?

A

administration of blood products, RBC, EPO or related products to increase oxygen carrying capacity

30
Q

agglutinogens

A

antigens on the surface of RBCs

A, B, AB, neither

31
Q

agglutinins

A

antibodies that your body produces against the antigens your RBCs do NOT have

32
Q

Rh

A

transmembrane proteins that help transport ammonia

33
Q

Rh D

A

most common antigen

if you have D then you are Rh + and if you don’t then you are Rn -

34
Q

Do Rh negative people develop Rh agglutinins to Rh positive factor exposure?

A

Yes

35
Q

Erythroblastosis fetalis

A

when the mother is Rh - and the fetus is Rh + and the mothers agglutinins diffuse through the placenta into the fetus and cause agglutination

36
Q

with future pregnancies of the erythroblastosis fetalis disease is there more or less signs of disease?

A

more signs of the disease with the 2nd child and even more with the 3rd

37
Q

Draw out a RBC compatibility table

A

Blood cells, types PPT Slide 16

38
Q

What are the types of blood reactions?

A 
mismatched blood (A and B or neg and pos)
agglutination (clumping)
RBC destruction (hemolysis)
Circulatory shock
kidney failure

Physiology (13 decks)

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