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Haemotocytes > RBC > Flashcards

RBC Flashcards

1
Q

haemopoeisis

A

creation of new blood cells

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2
Q

poeisis

A

creation - poets are creative

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3
Q

where are haemopoeitc stem cells found

A

bone marrow

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4
Q

why do blood cells come from bone marrow

A

that is where haemopoetic stem cells are found

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5
Q

characteristics of stem cells

A

self renewal

ability to differentiate

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6
Q

what 2 lines can haemapoetic stem cells differentiate into

A

myeloid or lymphoid

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7
Q

what is the lymphoid line

A

when HSC produces leukocytes

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8
Q

what is the myeloid line

A

when HSC produces the rest - granulocytes, erythrocytes, platelets GEP

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9
Q

progenitor meaning

A

precursor/ancestor

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10
Q

HSC abbreviation

A

haematopoeitic stem cell

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11
Q

myeloid meaning

A

relating to bone marrow

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12
Q

lymphoid meaning

A

realting to lymphocytes

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13
Q

main lymphoid lin specialised cell

A

lymphovyte

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14
Q

main main myeloid line specialised cell

A

erythrocyte

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15
Q

NEUTROPHIL

A

phagocytosis

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16
Q

monocyte

A

phagocytosis ( mono = cool ), and presents antigens

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17
Q

eosinophil

A

kill parasites (ew)

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18
Q

platelet

A

haematostasis

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19
Q

creation of new rbc

A

erythropeoisis

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20
Q

what is needed for erythropoeisis

A

Iron and vitB

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21
Q

hypoxia

A

too low O2 conc in blood

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22
Q

hyperoxia

A

to high O2 conc in blood

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23
Q

FOLATE

A

SYNONYM FOR vit b

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24
Q

ferrous iron

A

Fe2+

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25
Q

ferric iron

A

fe3+ ( 3 other people live with Ricky more)

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26
Q

why does iron intake need to be controlled

A

IS TOXIC and cannot be excreted

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27
Q

difference in absorbtion between ferrous and ferric iron

A

ferrous iron is more easily absorbed than ferric iron

28
Q

what happens to ferric iron before absorption

A

reduction to form ferrous iron so that it can be more easily absorbed

29
Q

enterocyte

A

cell in the epithelium of the SI

30
Q

ferroportin

A

a membrane protein which moves iron out of the cell

31
Q

what is the opposite of ferroportin

A

hepcidin

32
Q

hepcidin

A

blocks absorption of iron by blocking ferroportin

33
Q

where is fit b found

A

oysters, kidney

34
Q

how to absorb vit B

A

VitB+IntrinsicFactor = VitBIF cross the SI membrane

35
Q

why is VitB important

A

erythropoeitis and DNA synthesis

36
Q

pathway to make DNA from VitB

A

VitB - nitrogenous base - deoxinucleoditde tri phosphate - DNA

37
Q

2 causes of vita B def

A

insufficient iron intake

poor iron absorbtion

38
Q

what is RBC broken down into at start?

A

globulin and haem

39
Q

hypochromia

A

little colour

40
Q

polychromasia

A

many colours

41
Q

reticulocytes

A

immature RBC - are RETards

42
Q

Iron regulation pathway

A

low iron - ferroportin. - high fe - hepcidin - repeat

43
Q

what does VitB look like

A

nitrogenous base

44
Q

what is an intrinsic factor

A

glycoprotein produced by stomach cells to help absorption

45
Q

what is globulin broken down into in RBC met pathway?

A

amino acids

46
Q

what is haem group broken down into in RBC met pathway?

A

bilirubin

47
Q

where does bilirubin enter in RBC pathway

A

liver

48
Q

what is bilirubin responsible for

A

brown poo

49
Q

what happens to Fe in RBC breakdown?

A

returned to bone marrow for more erythropoeitisis

50
Q

anisocytosis

A

anillos have to be different shape

51
Q

poikilocytosis

A

like polka dots

different shaped cells

52
Q

what is intrinsic factor

A

glycoprotein produced by stomach cells to absorb vit B

53
Q

what is sickle cell disease

A

cells are moon (crescent) shaped instead of donut (biconcave) shaped

54
Q

what happens in sickle cell disease

A

mutation in gene for globulin protein
globulin protein becomes uncharged instead of charged
HbS is less soluble in deoxygenated form than HbA
HBS gets stuck in small blood vessels so not enough O2 can be transported around

55
Q

why is HbS less soluble than HbA in deoxygenated form

A

looses its charge on an AA residue

56
Q

HbS

A

mutated form of HbA (normal haemoglobin)

57
Q

reference range

A

range of values where data normally lies

58
Q

how many copies of faulty beta globulin gene do you need for sickle cell

A

2 because a recessive disorder

59
Q

factors affecting blood reading

A

altitude, age, ethnicity, gender, nutrition

60
Q

basic haematopoeitic lines

A

HSC –> myeloid or lymphoid progenitors—> specialised

61
Q

where do both progenitor cells come from

A

BM

62
Q

ferroportin role

A

in enterocytes so that any absorbed ferrous iron is transported into the bloodstream

63
Q

anemia

A

don’t have enough ((working)) haemoglobin per blood volume

64
Q

causes to cytosis/penia in myeloid progenitor line

A

matches to function of cell

65
Q

neutrophyllia

A

NicePret

66
Q

basophyllia

A

allergic reaction

67
Q

oesinophyllia

A

parasites

Haemotocytes (6 decks)

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