Raynaud's

Question 1

What colour change do you see with Raynaud’s?

Answer 1

White in the cold- spasm of arteries
Blue as they start to warm up- deoxygenated blood flowing through
Hyperaemic- build up of toxins

Question 2

What is the definition of Raynaud’s phenomenon?

Answer 2

Characteristic cold-induced changes associated with vasospasm

Question 3

What is the definition of Raynaud’s disease?

Answer 3

Primary Raynaud’s phenomenon occurring in isolation i.e. no cause.

Usually middle aged women

Question 4

What is the definition of Raynaud’s syndrome?

Answer 4

Secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon occurring in association with other disease

Question 5

What are the causes of secondary Raynaud’s?

Answer 5

BADCAT:
Blood: Polycythaemia, cryoglobulinaemia, cold agglutinin
Arterial: Atherosclerosis, thromboangiitis obliterans
Drugs: Beta-blockers, OCp, ergotamine
Cervical rib: –> TOO
Autoimmune: SLE, RA, systemic sclerosis
Trauma: Vibration injury

Question 6

How do you manage Raynaud’s?

Answer 6

Conservative: Wear gloves, avoid cold. Send them to Raynaud’s society website. Smoking cessation.

Medical: Calcium channel blockers: Nifedipine. IV prostacyclin

Surgical: Cervical sympathectomy
Amputate gangrenous digits