rates of reaction

Question 1

What is the collision theory?

Answer 1

The higher the collision frequency of reacting particles, the faster the reaction.

Question 2

What are the 4 factors that increase rate of reaction?

Answer 2

~Increased temperature
~Increased concentration/pressure
~Increased surface area
~Catalysts

Question 3

Why does increased temperature increase the rate of reaction?

Answer 3

Particles move faster with more energy (leading to more frequent and successful collisions).

Question 4

How does increased concentration or pressure increase the rate of reaction?

Answer 4

As there are more particles in the same volume/space (so collisions are more frequent).

Question 5

How does increased surface area increase the rate of reaction?

Answer 5

Smaller pieces increase the surface area to volume ratio which gives particles more area to work on (more collisions).

Question 6

How do catalysts increase the rate of reaction?

Answer 6

By decreasing the activation energy and providing an alternative reaction pathway.

Question 7

What is the equation for rate of reaction?

Answer 7

Amount of reactant used or amount of product formed
——————————————————————————
Time

Question 8

What are the 3 ways of measuring rate of reaction?

Answer 8

~Precipitation and colour change
~Change in mass
~The volume of gas given off

Question 9

What is dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 9

When the forward and backward reactions occur at the same rate in a closed system.

Question 10

If equilibrium lies on the right…

Answer 10

The concentration of the products is greater than the concentration of the reactants.

Question 11

If equilibrium lies on the left…

Answer 11

The concentration of the reactants is greater than the concentration of the products.

Question 12

What 3 factors does the position of equilibrium depend on?

Answer 12

~Temperature
~Pressure in gases
~Concentration of reactants and products

Question 13

What does an endothermic reaction do?

Answer 13

Takes in energy from the surroundings.

Question 14

What does an exothermic reaction do?

Answer 14

Releases energy to the surroundings.

Question 15

What does anhydrous mean?

Answer 15

Without water.

Question 16

What is Le Chatelier’s principle?

Answer 16

If you change the conditions of a reversible reaction at equilibrium, the system will try to counteract the change.

Question 17

What is Le Chatelier’s principle used to predict?

Answer 17

The effect of changes.

Question 18

Where and why will the equilibrium move if you decrease temperature?

Answer 18

Will move in the exothermic direction to produce more heat.

Question 19

What is the result of decreasing the temperature at equilibrium?

Answer 19

There will be more products for the exothermic reaction and fewer for the endothermic reaction.

Question 20

What does equilibrium do when you increase the pressure?

Answer 20

Equilibrium tries to reduce it by moving in the direction where there are fewer gas molecules.

Question 21

What does equilibrium do when concentration of the reactants is increased?

Answer 21

Tries to decrease the concentration by making more products.

Question 22

What does equilibrium do when the concentration of the products is decreased?

Answer 22

Tries to increase concentration by reducing the amount of reactants.