chemical changes Flashcards
What is produced when an acid and metal react?
Salt and hydrogen.
What is a redox reaction?
When one substance is reduced and another substance is oxidised.
Which 2 non metals are often included in the reactivity series?
Carbon and hydrogen.
What colour flame does potassium produce?
Lilac
What colour flame does sodium produce?
Yellow.
What colour flame does lithium produce?
Red.
What colour flame does calcium produce?
Orange/Red.
What is displacement?
When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a compound.
What is oxidation?
When oxygen gains electrons and fills its outer shell from another element that loses its outer shell and electrons.
What is reduction?
Gaining electrons but losing oxygen or gaining hydrogen.
What do an acid + a base produce?
Salt + water
Acids are neutralised by metal carbonates to produce…
Salt, water and carbon dioxide.
What salts does hydrochloric acid produce?
Chlorides.
What salts does nitric acid produce?
Nitrates.
What salts does sulfuric acid produce?
Sulfates.
What do acids produce in aqueous solutions?
H+ ions.
What do alkalis produce in aqueous solutions?
OH- ions.
What happens to a strong acid in an aqueous solution?
It is completely ionised.
What happens to a weak acid in an aqueous solution?
It is partially ionised.
Which elements in the reactivity series react with water?
Potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium.
What elements in the reactivity series react with dilute acid?
Calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and copper.
Gold is very unreactive since…
It is found in the earth as the metal itself.
What do metal compounds require to extract the metal?
Chemical reactions.
Metals less reactive than carbon can be extracted from their oxides by…
Reduction with carbon.
