rates of reaction Flashcards
what is the rate of reaction determined by
the frequency of successful collisions
how do particles over
come the activation energy
particles must collide with sufficient energy
factors that affect/increase reaction rate
- temperature (most important has the largest affect)
- pressure
- catalyst
- surface area
- concentration
maxwell- Boltzmann distributions
a maxwell- Boltzmann distribution curve shows us the energies of the particles in a system
what is on a maxwell- botlzmann curve
- activation energy
- Emp most probable energy (this is not the mean energy)
- curve starts at the origin, as no particles have no energy
- does not touch the x axis
what happens if you increase the temperature
mare particles per volume, larger area under the curve. so there are a greater number of particles with sufficient energy
the effect of a catalyst
- catalyst lowers the activation energy
- the energy of the particles in the system are unaffected
the effect of increasing temperature on a graph
- no change in the number of particles
- Emp moves to the right and down
where would the mean be on the maxwell- Boltzmann graph
will be slightly to the right of the most probable
observable changes that take place during the reaction to measure the rate
- volume of gas produced
- colour changes
- change in mass
- pH change
how to work out the rate of reaction
“amount” of reactant used / time
“amount” of product formed / time
