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Exotics > Rat quiz > Flashcards

Rat quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Majority of lab rats are what species?

A

Brown rat or Norway Rat

aka: Rattus norvegicus

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2
Q

How many chromasomes does the brown rat have?

A

42

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3
Q

All rodents have a single pair of _____ on each jaw

A

Incisors

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4
Q

___% of the rat consists of its’ tail

A

85%

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5
Q

What are two uses of a rat’s tail?

A

Balance and heat abatement

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6
Q

Where are a rat’s sweatglands found?

A

Hairless foot pads

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7
Q

How many digits are on the front and hind limbs?

A

4 on front, 5 on back

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8
Q

What is the anatomical feature responsible for red eyes in the rat?

A

Harderian gland (lacrimal gland containing prophyrin)

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9
Q

What is chromodacryorrhea?

A

Increase in red tears caused by stress or disease

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10
Q

What is the average life span for a rat?

A

26-40 months

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11
Q

What is the average weight for a male rat?

A

267-500g

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12
Q

What is the average weight for a female rat?

A

225-325g

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13
Q

What is the normal HR for a rat?

A

313-493 bpm

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14
Q

What is the normal RR for a rate?

A

71-146 bpm

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15
Q

What is the normal temperature for a rat?

A

96.6-99.5

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16
Q

What is the daily feed consumption for a rat?

A

15-20 g

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17
Q

What is the daily water consumption for a rat?

A

22-33ml

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18
Q

What is the recommended evironmental temp for rats?

A

21-24 degrees C

Humidity 45-55%

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19
Q

What is the gestation length for rats?

A

21-23 days

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20
Q

What type of estrus cycle do rats have?

A

Continuous polyestrus

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21
Q

Why are rats useful for toxicology studies?

A

Inability to vomit

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22
Q

Type of rat that has been randomly bred; not inbred. Referred to as outbred.

A

Stock

23
Q

Type of rat that has been inbred

A

Strain

24
Q

What is the goal of a strain?

A

Develop a strain of animals that are genetically homozygous

25
Q

What is inbreeding depression?

A

Decrease in reproductive capability of successive generations

26
Q

A strain is designated with what?

A

Upper case letters

27
Q

A substrain will have a ___ ____ after the strain designation

A

Slanted Line

28
Q

Develop as a result of genetic mutation in existing strains, then perpetuated in future generations

A

Coisogenic

29
Q

In what manner are Athymic (nude) animals developed?

A

Congenic

30
Q

What is an F1 hybrid?

A

Direct result of mating between 2 different inbred strains

31
Q

—Derived by removing specific DNA sequences from one strain or species & inserting them into an ovum just after fertilization. The ovum is then transplanted into a pseudopregnant female that serves as a serrogate. Used for gene-related disorders.

A

Transgenic Animals

32
Q

—Removes or blocks a specific gene from an animal; used to study diseases associated with defective genes. Ex) Sickle cell anemia; cystic fibrosis.

A

Knockout animals

33
Q

What animals assist in the development of gene therapy?

A

Knockout animals

34
Q

Albany rats are linked to what disease?

A

Mammary tumors

35
Q

Brown rats are linked to what disease?

A

Myeloid leukemia

36
Q

Buffalo rats are linked to what disease?

A

Autoimmune

37
Q

Fisher 344 rats are linked to what disease?

A

Esophogeal and bladder cancer

38
Q

What are some common strategies used to confirm genetic purity?

A

Protein electrophoresis, serologic testing, mandible measurement and backcross mating

39
Q

What is the preferred bedding for rat housing?

A

hardwood shavings or corn cob

40
Q

Why are soft woods not used for bedding?

A

Respiratory problems and hepatic issues

41
Q

What can excess noise cause?

A

Audiogenic seizures, cannabolism and decreased reproductive rates

42
Q

What can low humidity cause?

A

Ring tail

43
Q

Pregnant/lactating females require __X the amount of normal nutrition

A

4X

44
Q

Rat food should contain __-__% protein and __% fat

A

20-25% protein and 4% fat

45
Q

What is the shelf life for most commercial foods?

A

6 months passed milling date

46
Q

What are three different restraint tools for rats?

A

Plastic restraint boxes, stockinette, plastic cone

47
Q

Bacterial disease caused by Bacillus piliformis causing hepatic necrosis and myocardial degeneration

A

Tyzzer’s disease

48
Q

Opportunistic pathogen, causes URI and pneumonia

A

Pasteurellosis

49
Q

Rare bacterial disease in rats characterized by chromodacryorrhea, nasopharynx inflammation, pleuritis and meningitis

A

Streptococcus

50
Q

“Rat bite fever” or “Haverhill fever”

Present in nasopharynx of normal rats, not disease causing agent

A

Streptobacillosis

51
Q

Most significant viral diseas of rats

A

Sialodacryoadenitis

52
Q

Viral disease that usually remains subclinical in rats

A

Sendai virus

53
Q
A

Exotics (5 decks)

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