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Exotics > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 R’s of responsible animal use?

A

Reducing the number used

Refining techniques

Replacement of animals w/ alternatives

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2
Q

How often does IACUC perform inspections?

A

Every 6 months

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3
Q

Organization responsible for all apsects of animal use, education, health, and compliance with all laws and regulations

A

IACUC

(Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee)

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4
Q

Organization authorized by law to enforce the AWA; requires facilities to keep accurate records.

A

USDA

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5
Q

An agency of the USDA responsible for inspections of facilities, must occur annually

A

APHIS

(Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service)

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6
Q

An agency of the USDA, has authority to enforce penalties for violations of the AWA

A

REAC

Regulatory Enforcement and Animal Care

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7
Q

Primary reference on animal care and use. Created under ILAR (Institute for Lab Animal Research)

A

“The Guide”

(The Guide for Care and Use of Labratory Animals)

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8
Q

Cat food at what protein percent can be fed to ferrets?

A

At least 30%

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9
Q

What type of estrus cycle do ferrets have?

A

Seasonally polyestrus/induced ovulators

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10
Q

What is responsible for the strong scent in ferrets?

A

Sebaceous glands at the base of the hair follicle

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11
Q

True or false

Descenting ferrets is not necessary, they can just be sterilized to control the strong odor

A

True

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12
Q

Why are ferrets prone to heat stress?

A

No sweat glands

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13
Q

How much do ferrets sleep?

A

15-20 hours a day

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14
Q

Ferrets need food with fat content of 18-20%, what can be used for supplemental fat?

A

Linotone

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15
Q

True or false

Ferrets need high carbohydrates and high fiber

A

FALSE

They need LOW carb/fiber diets

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16
Q

How often can ferrets be bathed?

A

No more than once a month

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17
Q

What is the most common disease and cause of death in old ferrets?

A

Neoplasia

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18
Q

If a ferret presents with anorexia what should be suspected?

A

GI obstruction

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19
Q

If a ferret presents with depression/moribund, what should be suspected?

A

Hypoglycemia

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20
Q

What infectious diseases are ferrets susceptible to?

A

Human Influenza

Rabies

Canine Distemper

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21
Q

True or False

A ferret will recover influenza on his own within 5-10 days

A

True

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22
Q

True or False

A nonvaccinated ferret will not survive K9 distemper

A

True

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23
Q

Intestinal parasites are common to ferrets except _______

A

Coccidia

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24
Q

Ferrets should be vaccinated for canine distemper with 1 ml at what ages?

A

8, 11, 14 weeks with an annual booster

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25
Q

True or False

Ferrets are susceptible to Feline Panleukopenia Virus

A

False

26
Q

What vein is preferred for ferret blood draws?

A

Cranial vena cava

27
Q

What is the most serious bacterial disease in ferrets? Also the causitive agent for proliferative bowel disease

A

Desulfovibrio (Campylobacter-like)

28
Q

Most common guinea pig breed, smooth, short hair.

A

English Guinea Pig

29
Q

Breed of Guinea pig with long, fine hair

A

Peruvian guinea pig

30
Q

Breed of guinea pig with short, coarse hair that grows in whorls

A

Abyssinian

31
Q

What is the most common bacterial disease of guinea pigs?

A

Pneumonia

32
Q

What disease are guinea pigs susceptible to if they are housed close to rabbits?

A

Bordetella Bronchiseptica pneumonia

33
Q

Neurological signs in a guinea pigs such as head tilt due to inner and middle ear infections can be associated with what?

A

Pneumonia

34
Q

“Lumps”, enlargement/abscessation of head and neck lymph nodes, pleuritis, myocarditis, and otitis are associated with what disease in guinea pigs?

A

Cervical Lymphadenitis

35
Q

What antibiotic is toxic to guinea pigs and can never be used?

A

Streptomycin

36
Q

Guinea pigs are particularly sensitive to antibiotics that target gram + or gram - ?

A

Gram +

Penicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, bacitracin

37
Q

What three antibiotics cause less problems in guinea pigs?

A

Sulfas, chloramphenicol, tetracycline

38
Q

Diets low in Mg and K can lead to calcium deposits causing what disease in guinea pigs?

A

Metastatic mineralization

39
Q

What disease can occur in guinea pigs if they have a deficiency in vitamin E and/or selenium?

A

Muscular dystrophy

40
Q

Disease in guinea pigs caused by vitamin C deficiency and causing bleeding from the gums, inappetance, swollen and painful joints and ribs

A

Scurvy

41
Q

In order to avoid dystocia complications, when must guinea pigs be bred?

A

Before 6 months old

42
Q

Disease in guinea pigs that often occurs in stressed, fasted, overweight guinea pig sows in first or second pregnancy in the last 2 weeks of gestation

A

Pregnancy Toxemia

43
Q

True or False

Guinea pigs recquire sedation for blood draws

A

True

44
Q

True or False

Guinea pigs are born fully haired with eyes open and are ready to eat solid food within a few hours after birth

A

True

45
Q

True or False

Due to guinea pigs size, smaller gauge needles are necessary

A

FALSE

Larger due to tough skin

46
Q

True or False

Parasitic infection rarely causes disease unless guinea pigs are stressed

A

True

47
Q

True or false

It only requires one person to administer an IM injection to a ferret

A

False

At least 2

48
Q

What are the most common neoplasms of ferrets?

A

Adrenocorticol tumors, insulinoma, malignant lymphoma

49
Q

What species breed as monogamous pairs can be left together for life?

A

Gerbils

50
Q

True or False

Hamster food should be placed directly on the cage floor

A

True

51
Q

Hamsters have costovertebral glands and gerbils have ventral sebaceous glands used for what?

A

Territory marking and mating behavior

52
Q

What two compartments are hamsters stomachs split into?

A

Non-glandulary forestomach

Glandular hindstomach

53
Q

Hamster housing needs to be at least ___ inches high

A

Six

54
Q

What is the temperature and humidity needed for hamsters?

A

65-70 degrees

50-60% humidity

55
Q

Hamsters need at least __% crude protein

A

16%

56
Q

What is the most common disease in hamsters?

A

Sudden diarrhea

ie. Proliferative ileitis (Wet tail)

57
Q

Ventral disease transmitted from hamsters to humans, acquired from the wild rodent population.

A

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis

58
Q

Most common cause of death in aged hamsters?

A

Amyloidosis

59
Q

What antibiotis should never be used in hamsters?

A

Streptomycin/dihydrostreptomycin

60
Q

What antibiotics can be used in rodents?

A

Tetracycline

61
Q

What meds can be given to hamsters for anesthesia?

A

Ketamine, Pentobarbital, Thiamylal

Isoflurane

62
Q

Disease common in gerbils associated with Staph but related to stress, common in juveniles

A

Nasal Dermatitis

Exotics (5 decks)

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