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Step-Clinical Presentations > Rapid Review Clinical Presentations > Flashcards

Rapid Review Clinical Presentations Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal pain
Ascities
Hepatomegaly

A

Budd-Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)

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2
Q

Abdominal pain
diarrhea
leukocytosis
recent antibiotic use

A

C. diff infection

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3
Q

Achilles tendon xanthoma

A

familial hypercholestrolemia

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4
Q

adrenal hemorrhage
hypotension
DIC

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

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5
Q

anaphylaxis following blood transfusion

A

IgA deficiency

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6
Q

Anterior drawer sign

A

ACL injury

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7
Q

arachnodactylyl
lens dicoloration
aortic dissection
hyperflexible joints

A

Marfan syndrome

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8
Q

athlete with polycythemia

A

secondary to EPO injection

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9
Q

back pain, fever, night sweats

A

Pott diseases (TB of vertebrae)

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10
Q

bilateral acoustic schwannomas

A

neurofibromatosis type 2

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11
Q

bilateral hilar adenopathy

uveitis

A

sarcoidosis

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12
Q

black eschar on face of patient with DKA

A

mucor or rhizopus fungal infection

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13
Q

blue sclera

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

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14
Q

bluish line on gingiva

A

Burton line for lead poisoning

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15
Q

bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis

A

Paget disease of bone

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16
Q

bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing

A

aortic regurgitation

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17
Q

butterfly facial rash and Raynaud phenomenon in young female

A

systemic lupus erythematosus

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18
Q

cafe au lait spots, lish nodules (iris hamartoma), cutaenous neurofibromas, pheochromocytomas, optic gliomas

A

neurofibromatosis type 1

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19
Q

cafe au lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precoucious puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities

A

McCune Albright syndrome

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20
Q

calf pseudohypertrophy

A

muscular dystrophy-most commonly Duchenne

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21
Q

cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary anerysms, red conjunctivae and tongue

A

Kawasaki disease

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22
Q

cherry red spots on macula

A

Tay sachs

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23
Q

chest pain on exertion

A

angina

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24
Q

chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI

A

Dressler syndrome

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25
Q

chest pain with ST depression on EKG

A

unstable angina or NSTEMI

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26
Q

child uses arms to stand up from squat

A

Gowers sign

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27
Q

child with fever later develops rash on face that spreads to body

A

slapped cheeks from parvo B19

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28
Q

chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration

A

Huntington disease

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29
Q

chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcification

A

congenital toxoplasmosis

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30
Q

chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria

A

McArdle disease

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31
Q

cold intolerance

A

hypothyroidism

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32
Q

conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia

A

internuclear opthalmoplegia

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33
Q

continuous machine like heart murmur

A

PDA

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34
Q

cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition

A

myxedema

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35
Q

cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm

A

carcinoid syndrome

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36
Q

dark purple skin/mouth nodules in patient with AIDS

A

Kaposi sarcoma

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37
Q

deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation

A

Kussmaul respirations

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38
Q

dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

A

pellagra

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39
Q

dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism or malnutrition

A

wet beriberi

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40
Q

dog or cat bite resulting in infection

A

pasteurella multocida

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41
Q

dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis

A

sjogren syndrome

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42
Q

dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia

A

plummer-vinson syndrome

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43
Q

elastic skin, hypermobility of joints, increase bleeding tendency

A

Ehlers-Danlos

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44
Q

enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node

A

virchow node of abdominal metastasis

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45
Q

episodic vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss

A

meniere disease

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46
Q

erythroderma, lymphagenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells

A

mycosis fungiodes

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47
Q

facial muscle spasm upon tapping

A

Chvostek sign of hypocalcemia

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48
Q

fat, female, forty, fertile

A

cholelithiasis (gallstones)

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49
Q

fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphilis

A

Jarish-Herxheimer reaction

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50
Q

fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash

A

measles

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51
Q

fever, night sweats, weight loss

A

B symptoms of lymphoma

52
Q

fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis with abnormal curvature

A

Peyronie disease

53
Q

golden brown rings around peripheral cornea

A

Kayser-Fleisher rings

54
Q

gout, intellectual disability, self mutilating behavior in boy

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

55
Q

hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands/genitalia

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

56
Q

hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, osteoporosis, aspetic necrosis of femur, bone crises

A

Gaucher disease

57
Q

hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts

A

Alport syndrome

58
Q

hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility

A

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

59
Q

hyperreflexia, hypertonia, babinski present

A

UMN lesion

60
Q

hyporeflexia, hypotonia,atrophy, fasciculations

A

LMN lesion

61
Q

hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia

A

blue bloater-chronic bronchitis

62
Q

indurated, ulcerated genital lesion

A

nonpainful-treponema

painful-haemophilus ducreyl

63
Q

infant with cherry red spot on macula, hepatosplenomegaly and neurodegeneration

A

Neimann-Pick

64
Q

infant with cleft lip/palate, microcephaly or holoprosencephaly, polydactyly, cutis aplasia

A

Patau syndrome

65
Q

infant with hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly

A

Cori disease-debranching enzyme deficiency

von Gierke disease (glucose 6 phosphatase deficiency)

66
Q

infant with microcephaly, rocker bottom feet, clenched hands and structural heart defect

A

Edwards syndrome

67
Q

jaundice, palpable distended non-tender gallbladder

A

Courvoisier sign-distal obstruction of biliary tree

68
Q

large rash with bulls eye appearance

A

erythema chronicum migrans from Ixodes tick bite

69
Q

lucid interval after traumatic brain injury

A

epidural hematoma

70
Q

male child, recurrent infection, no mature B cells

A

Bruton disease (x linked agammaglobulinemia)

71
Q

mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time

A

glanzmann thrombasthenia (defect in Gp2b/3a)

72
Q

muffled heart sounds, distended neck veins, hyppotension

A

beck triad of cardiac tamponade

73
Q

multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted/supernumerary teeth

A

Gardner syndroem (subtype of FAP)

74
Q

myopathy (infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), exercise intolerance

A

pompe disease

75
Q

neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth

A

Erb-Duchenne palsy (C5-C6)

waiters tip

76
Q

no lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance

A

Sheehan syndrome-pituitary infarction

77
Q

nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech, bilateral internuclear opthalmoplegia

A

multiple sclerosis

78
Q

painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia

A

cold agglutinin disease (autoimmmune hemolytic anemia caused by pneumonia, CLL, infectious mono)

79
Q

painful fingers/toes changing color from blue to white to red with cold or stress

A

Raynaud phenomenon

vasospasm in extremities

80
Q

painful, raised red lesions on pad of feingers/toes

A

Osler nodes (infective endocarditis, immune complex deposition)

81
Q

painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles

A

Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emboli/microabscesses)

82
Q

painless jaundice

A

cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing bile duct

83
Q

palpable purpura on buttocks/legs, joint pain, abdominal pain, hematuria

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis)

84
Q

pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors

A

MEN I

85
Q

periorbital and/or peripheral edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholestrolemia

A

nephrotic syndrome

86
Q

pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation

A

pink puffer (emphysema-centriacinar, panacinar from alpha1 AT)

87
Q

polyuria, renal tubular acidosis type II, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances, hypophosphatemic rickets

A

Fanconi syndrome

88
Q

pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques

A

Lichen planus

89
Q

ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis

A

Horner syndrome

90
Q

pupil accommodates but doesn’t react

A

Argyll Roberston pupil (neurosyphilis)

91
Q

rapidly progressive limb weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory infection

A

Guillain-Barre

92
Q

rash on palms and soles

A

Coxsackie A, secondary syphilis, RMSF

93
Q

recurrent cold abscesses, unusual eczema, high serum IgE

A

hyper IgE syndrome

94
Q

red currant jelly sputum in alcoholic and diabetic patients

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

95
Q

red currant jelly stools

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

96
Q

red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple

A

Paget disease of the breast-

-sign of underlying neoplasm

97
Q

red urine in morning, fragile RBCs

A

paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

98
Q

renal cell carcinoma (bilateral), hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma

A

von Hippel Lindau disease

99
Q

resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability, shuffling gait

A

Parkinson disease

100
Q

retinal hemorrhages with pale centers

A

roth spots-bacterial endocarditis

101
Q

severe jaundice in neonate

A

Crigler-Najjar syndrome

102
Q

severe RLQ with palpitation of LLQ

A

Rovsing sign-acute appendicitis

103
Q

severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness

A

McBurney sign-acute appendicitis

104
Q

short stature, cafe au lait spots, thumb/radial defects, increase incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia

A

Fanconi anemia

105
Q

single palmar crease

A

Down syndrome

106
Q

situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility

A

Kartagener syndrome

107
Q

skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue

A

primary adrenocortical insufficiency

108
Q

slow progressive muscle weakness in boys

A

Becker muscular dystrophy

109
Q

small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white centers

A

Koplik spot-measles, rubeloa

110
Q

smooth, moist, painless, wart like white lesions on genitals

A

Condylomata lata-secondary syphilis

111
Q

spliner hemorrhages in fingernials

A

bacterial endocarditis

112
Q

strawberry tongue

A

Scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease

113
Q

steak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horeshoe kidney, cystic hygroma at birth, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema

A

Turner syndrome

114
Q

sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi

A

Gout

115
Q

swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, petechiae

A

Scurvy

116
Q

swollen, hard, painful finger joints

A

osteoarthritis (PIP-Bouchard, DIP-Heberden)

117
Q

systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)

A

aortic stenosis

118
Q

telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis, skin discoloration, arteriovenous malformations, GI bleeding, hematuria

A

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome

119
Q

thyroid and parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma

A

MEN 2A

120
Q

thyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis

A

MEN 2B

121
Q

toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape

A

Babinski-UMN

122
Q

unilateal facial drooping involving forehead

A

LMN facial nerve, UMN spares forehead

123
Q

urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male

A

reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27

124
Q

vascular birthmark (port wine stain) on face

A

nevus flammeus

125
Q

vomiting blood following gastroesopahgeal lacerations

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

126
Q

weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenoparhty

A

Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)

127
Q

worst headache of my life

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Step-Clinical Presentations (5 decks)

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