Rapid Review Clinical Presentations Flashcards
Abdominal pain
Ascities
Hepatomegaly
Budd-Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)
Abdominal pain
diarrhea
leukocytosis
recent antibiotic use
C. diff infection
Achilles tendon xanthoma
familial hypercholestrolemia
adrenal hemorrhage
hypotension
DIC
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
anaphylaxis following blood transfusion
IgA deficiency
Anterior drawer sign
ACL injury
arachnodactylyl
lens dicoloration
aortic dissection
hyperflexible joints
Marfan syndrome
athlete with polycythemia
secondary to EPO injection
back pain, fever, night sweats
Pott diseases (TB of vertebrae)
bilateral acoustic schwannomas
neurofibromatosis type 2
bilateral hilar adenopathy
uveitis
sarcoidosis
black eschar on face of patient with DKA
mucor or rhizopus fungal infection
blue sclera
osteogenesis imperfecta
bluish line on gingiva
Burton line for lead poisoning
bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis
Paget disease of bone
bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing
aortic regurgitation
butterfly facial rash and Raynaud phenomenon in young female
systemic lupus erythematosus
cafe au lait spots, lish nodules (iris hamartoma), cutaenous neurofibromas, pheochromocytomas, optic gliomas
neurofibromatosis type 1
cafe au lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precoucious puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities
McCune Albright syndrome
calf pseudohypertrophy
muscular dystrophy-most commonly Duchenne
cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary anerysms, red conjunctivae and tongue
Kawasaki disease
cherry red spots on macula
Tay sachs
chest pain on exertion
angina
chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI
Dressler syndrome
chest pain with ST depression on EKG
unstable angina or NSTEMI
child uses arms to stand up from squat
Gowers sign
child with fever later develops rash on face that spreads to body
slapped cheeks from parvo B19
chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration
Huntington disease
chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcification
congenital toxoplasmosis
chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria
McArdle disease
cold intolerance
hypothyroidism
conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia
internuclear opthalmoplegia
continuous machine like heart murmur
PDA
cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
myxedema
cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchospasm
carcinoid syndrome
dark purple skin/mouth nodules in patient with AIDS
Kaposi sarcoma
deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation
Kussmaul respirations
dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
pellagra
dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism or malnutrition
wet beriberi
dog or cat bite resulting in infection
pasteurella multocida
dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
sjogren syndrome
dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia
plummer-vinson syndrome
elastic skin, hypermobility of joints, increase bleeding tendency
Ehlers-Danlos
enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node
virchow node of abdominal metastasis
episodic vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss
meniere disease
erythroderma, lymphagenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells
mycosis fungiodes
facial muscle spasm upon tapping
Chvostek sign of hypocalcemia
fat, female, forty, fertile
cholelithiasis (gallstones)
fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphilis
Jarish-Herxheimer reaction
fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash
measles
fever, night sweats, weight loss
B symptoms of lymphoma
fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis with abnormal curvature
Peyronie disease
golden brown rings around peripheral cornea
Kayser-Fleisher rings
gout, intellectual disability, self mutilating behavior in boy
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmentation of mouth/feet/hands/genitalia
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, osteoporosis, aspetic necrosis of femur, bone crises
Gaucher disease
hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts
Alport syndrome
hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility
Kluver-Bucy syndrome
hyperreflexia, hypertonia, babinski present
UMN lesion
hyporeflexia, hypotonia,atrophy, fasciculations
LMN lesion
hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia
blue bloater-chronic bronchitis
indurated, ulcerated genital lesion
nonpainful-treponema
painful-haemophilus ducreyl
infant with cherry red spot on macula, hepatosplenomegaly and neurodegeneration
Neimann-Pick
infant with cleft lip/palate, microcephaly or holoprosencephaly, polydactyly, cutis aplasia
Patau syndrome
infant with hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly
Cori disease-debranching enzyme deficiency
von Gierke disease (glucose 6 phosphatase deficiency)
infant with microcephaly, rocker bottom feet, clenched hands and structural heart defect
Edwards syndrome
jaundice, palpable distended non-tender gallbladder
Courvoisier sign-distal obstruction of biliary tree
large rash with bulls eye appearance
erythema chronicum migrans from Ixodes tick bite
lucid interval after traumatic brain injury
epidural hematoma
male child, recurrent infection, no mature B cells
Bruton disease (x linked agammaglobulinemia)
mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time
glanzmann thrombasthenia (defect in Gp2b/3a)
muffled heart sounds, distended neck veins, hyppotension
beck triad of cardiac tamponade
multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted/supernumerary teeth
Gardner syndroem (subtype of FAP)
myopathy (infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), exercise intolerance
pompe disease
neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth
Erb-Duchenne palsy (C5-C6)
waiters tip
no lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance
Sheehan syndrome-pituitary infarction
nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech, bilateral internuclear opthalmoplegia
multiple sclerosis
painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia
cold agglutinin disease (autoimmmune hemolytic anemia caused by pneumonia, CLL, infectious mono)
painful fingers/toes changing color from blue to white to red with cold or stress
Raynaud phenomenon
vasospasm in extremities
painful, raised red lesions on pad of feingers/toes
Osler nodes (infective endocarditis, immune complex deposition)
painless erythematous lesions on palms and soles
Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis, septic emboli/microabscesses)
painless jaundice
cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing bile duct
palpable purpura on buttocks/legs, joint pain, abdominal pain, hematuria
Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vasculitis)
pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors
MEN I
periorbital and/or peripheral edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholestrolemia
nephrotic syndrome
pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation
pink puffer (emphysema-centriacinar, panacinar from alpha1 AT)
polyuria, renal tubular acidosis type II, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances, hypophosphatemic rickets
Fanconi syndrome
pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques
Lichen planus
ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
Horner syndrome
pupil accommodates but doesn’t react
Argyll Roberston pupil (neurosyphilis)
rapidly progressive limb weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory infection
Guillain-Barre
rash on palms and soles
Coxsackie A, secondary syphilis, RMSF
recurrent cold abscesses, unusual eczema, high serum IgE
hyper IgE syndrome
red currant jelly sputum in alcoholic and diabetic patients
Klebsiella pneumonia
red currant jelly stools
acute mesenteric ischemia
red, itchy, swollen rash of nipple
Paget disease of the breast-
-sign of underlying neoplasm
red urine in morning, fragile RBCs
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
renal cell carcinoma (bilateral), hemangioblastomas, angiomatosis, pheochromocytoma
von Hippel Lindau disease
resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability, shuffling gait
Parkinson disease
retinal hemorrhages with pale centers
roth spots-bacterial endocarditis
severe jaundice in neonate
Crigler-Najjar syndrome
severe RLQ with palpitation of LLQ
Rovsing sign-acute appendicitis
severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness
McBurney sign-acute appendicitis
short stature, cafe au lait spots, thumb/radial defects, increase incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia
Fanconi anemia
single palmar crease
Down syndrome
situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, infertility
Kartagener syndrome
skin hyperpigmentation, hypotension, fatigue
primary adrenocortical insufficiency
slow progressive muscle weakness in boys
Becker muscular dystrophy
small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white centers
Koplik spot-measles, rubeloa
smooth, moist, painless, wart like white lesions on genitals
Condylomata lata-secondary syphilis
spliner hemorrhages in fingernials
bacterial endocarditis
strawberry tongue
Scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease
steak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horeshoe kidney, cystic hygroma at birth, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema
Turner syndrome
sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi
Gout
swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, petechiae
Scurvy
swollen, hard, painful finger joints
osteoarthritis (PIP-Bouchard, DIP-Heberden)
systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)
aortic stenosis
telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis, skin discoloration, arteriovenous malformations, GI bleeding, hematuria
Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome
thyroid and parathyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma
MEN 2A
thyroid tumors, pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis
MEN 2B
toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape
Babinski-UMN
unilateal facial drooping involving forehead
LMN facial nerve, UMN spares forehead
urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis in a male
reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27
vascular birthmark (port wine stain) on face
nevus flammeus
vomiting blood following gastroesopahgeal lacerations
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
weight loss, diarrhea, arthritis, fever, adenoparhty
Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)
worst headache of my life
subarachnoid hemorrhage
