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CV II Exam 1 > Rapid EKG III > Flashcards

Rapid EKG III Flashcards

1
Q

premature atrial beat

A

irritable atrial foci

-produces P’ wave earlier than expected

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2
Q

reset rhythm

A

SA node will pace one cycle length after a premature beat
-bc dominant center depolarized by premature beat

reality - first cycle after PAB lengthened - due to PS on SA node

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3
Q

premature atrial beat with aberrant ventricular conduction

A

widened QRS

-one bundle branch is not completely repolarized when PAB sends signal

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4
Q

non-conducted premature atrial beat

A

has no QRS complex following

-will see reset pacing

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5
Q

atrial bigeminy

A

auto foci fires PAB after each cycle

  • couples to end of normal cycle
  • process repeats
  • see a couplet
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6
Q

atrial trigeminy

A

auto foci fires PAB after each two cycles

-group beatings in patterns

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7
Q

premature junctional beat

A

irritable junctional foci firesa

  • right bundle branch - more likely to be in refractory
  • can lead to aberrant ventricular conduction
  • may see inverted P’ wave
  • before, during, after QRS complex
  • retrograde atrial depolarization
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8
Q

aberrant ventricular conduction

A
  • signal fired before both bundle branches are repolarized
  • results in widened QRS

-right bundle branch - slower to recover

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9
Q

junctional bigeminy

A

premature junctional beat with each sinus cycle

-see absent or inverted P’

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10
Q

junctional trigeminy

A

premature junctional beat coupled with every two sinus cycles

-see absent or inverted P’

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11
Q

irritable ventricular

A

low O2
low K
pathology - mitral valve prolapse, stretch, myocarditis

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12
Q

premature ventricular contraction

A

sudden wide QRS complex
-opposite polarity of the sinus QRS

**often with hypoxia

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13
Q

compensatory pause

A

not resetting

-but it is the repolarization of ventricles

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14
Q

interpolated PVC

A

sandwiched between two normal beats

-no pause and no rhythm disturbance

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15
Q

slender QRS

A

due to simulataneous depolarization of both ventricles

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16
Q

pathologic PVCs

A

six or more per minute

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17
Q

ventricle bigeminy

A

PVC couples to single cycle

18
Q

ventricle trigeminy

A

PVC couples to two cycles

19
Q

ventricle quadrigeminy

A

PVC couples to three cycles

20
Q

ventricular parasystole

A

ventricular foci with entrance block

  • can’t be overdrive suppressed
  • paces at its own rate

-see pacing at its own rate with PVC

21
Q

very irritable ventricular foci

A

can emit consecutive stimuli

22
Q

run of three or more PVCs

A

ventricular tachycardia

23
Q

sustained VT

A

sustained ventricular tachycardia
-VT lasts longer than 30 seconds

runs of PVCs

24
Q

multifocal PVCs

A

severe cardiac hypoxia

  • distinct QRS complexes
  • multiple irritable ventricle foci
25
Q

barlow syndrome

A

mitral valve prolapse
-can cause PVCs

floppy valve that billows into left atrium during ventricular systole

more in females

  • slender, chest deformity
  • dizzy spells
  • anxiety prone
  • after age 20

theory - chordae tension from valve prolapse stretches ventricular foci

26
Q

R on T phenomenon

A

PVC falls on T wave

  • hypoxia or hypokalemia
  • dangerous

-extends purkinje repolarization further

27
Q

paroxysmal tachycardia

A

rate 150-250

28
Q

flutter

A

rate 250-350

29
Q

fibrillation

A

rate 350-450

30
Q

paroxysmal tachycardia

A

sudden irritable foci paces rapidly

-atrial, junctional, ventricular

31
Q

epinephrine

A

irritable atrial/junctional foci

32
Q

hypoxia and low K

A

ventricular foci irritable

33
Q

paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

A

rapid rate 150-250

  • irritable atrial foci
  • P’ waves not like sinus
34
Q

PAT with AV block

A

more than one P’ for every QRS

  • digitalis excess or toxicity
  • 2:1 ratio of P’:QRS
35
Q

digitalis

A
  • can make atrial foci irritable

- also inhibits AV node

36
Q

paroxysmal junctional tachycardia

A
  • rapid rate 150-250
  • irritable junction foci
  • lacking P’ wave
  • or P’ before, during, after QRS

may cause aberrant ventricular contraction
-somewhat widened QRS

37
Q

AV nodal reentry tachycardia

A

continuous reentry circuit develops
-AV node and lower atria

-foci - near coronary sinus

38
Q

supraventricular tachycardia

A

irritable foci in both atrial and junctional paroxysmal tachycardia
-because above ventricles

-Tx is similar - umbrella term is used

39
Q

paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia

A
  • rapid rate 150-250
  • sudden irritable ventricular foci
  • enormous rapid PVCs
  • SA node can still be pacing atria
  • AV dissociation
40
Q

AV dissociation

A

SA depolarization to atria

  • finds ventricular receptive
  • produces normal appearing QRS
  • capture beat***
  • among the VT

also - atrial depolarization -finds receptive AV node

  • ventricular depolarization only goes so far - meets ventricular depolarization from ventricular foci
  • fusion beat***

confirm diagnosis of VT

41
Q

confirm diagnosis of VT

A

capture and fusion beats

CV II Exam 1 (10 decks)

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