Rapid EKG II

Question 1

sinus rhythm

Answer 1

created at SA node

-60-100 bpm

Question 2

bradycardia

Answer 2

<60

Question 3

tachycardia

Answer 3

> 100

Question 4

ectopic foci

Answer 4

auto foci other than SA node

Question 5

atrial foci rate

Answer 5

60-80

Question 6

junctional foci rate

Answer 6

40-60

Question 7

vetnricular foci rate

Answer 7

20-40

Question 8

overdrive suppression

Answer 8

fastest foci is in control

Question 9

AV junction foci

Answer 9

proximal end - no foci
-rate 40-60

can cause idiojunctional rhythm

Question 10

rate numbers to know

Answer 10

300-150-100-75-60-50

Question 11

6 second strip

Answer 11

with two three second intervals

Question 12

sinus arrhythmia

Answer 12

normal physio mechanism

• slight increase with inspiration
• sympathetic
• slight decrease with expiration
• parasympathetic

Question 13

bachmanns bundle

Answer 13

SA node to left trium

Question 14

atrial conduction system

Answer 14

middle, posterior, and anterior internodal tracts

also - bachmanns bundle

Question 15

AV node near coronary sinus

Answer 15

likely spot of automaticity - bc convergence of several conduction pathways

Question 16

septum depolarization

Answer 16

left bundle branch has terminal filaments

right bundle branch - no terminal filaments in septum

Question 17

U wave

Answer 17

final phase of purkinje repolarization

beyond end of T wave

Question 18

irregular rhythm

Answer 18

inconstant duration between paced cycles

Question 19

parasystolic**

Answer 19

if foci has entrance block

• cannot be overdrive suppressed
• can become pacing foci

Question 20

wandering pacemaker

Answer 20

P wave shape varies
atrial rate <100
irregular QRS complexes - still narrow

Question 21

P wave shape varied
atrial rate <100
irregularly space narrow QRS

Answer 21

wandering pacemaker

Question 22

multifocal atrial tachycardia

Answer 22

P wave shape varies
atrial rate >100
irregular narrow QRS

**often with COPD

Question 23

P waves varied
atrial rate >100
irregularly spaced narrow QRS

Answer 23

multifocal atrial tachycardia

Question 24

atrial fibrillation

Answer 24

no discernable P waves

• chaotic atrial spikes
• random narrow QRS complexes

**random depolariations reach the AV node

**important to determine rate average - per six second strip

Question 25

chaotic atrial spikes - no P waves | -random narrow QRS complexes

Answer 25

atrial fibrillation

Question 26

escape rhythm

Answer 26

auto foci escapes overdrive to pace at its inherent rate | -atrial, junctional, and ventricular

Question 27

escape beat

Answer 27

auto foci escapes overdrive to emit one beat | -atrial, junctional, ventricular

Question 28

sinus arrest

Answer 28

SA node ceases pacemaking completely | -backup auto foci take over

Question 29

atrial escape rhythm

Answer 29

sinus arrest - followed by atrial foci that takes over - rate 60-80 - new P' waves

Question 30

junctional escape rhythm

Answer 30

sinus arrest leads to auto foci in junction to take over - rate 40-60 - P' inverted with upright QRS - retrograde atrial depolarization

Question 31

P' inverted with upright QRS

Answer 31

seen with junctional escape rhythm -due to retrograde atrial depolarization may be before, during, or after QRS

Question 32

ventricular escape rhythm

Answer 32

ventircular auto foci takes over - rate 20-40 - widened QRS complexes - no P waves

Question 33

stokes adams syndrome

Answer 33

ventricular pacing - very slow - reduced blood to brain - patient unconscious

Question 34

downward displacement of the pacemaker

Answer 34

total failure of SA node and all foci above ventricles - rare - ventricular foci takes over

Question 35

atrial escape beat

Answer 35

sinus block results in pause allowing atrial foci to take over for one beat -see a different P'

Question 36

junctional escape beat

Answer 36

sinus block results in pause allowing junctional foci to take over -inverted P' or no P'

Question 37

ventricular escape beat

Answer 37

sinus block results in pause allowing ventricular foci to take over - no P wave - widened QRS complex

Question 38

cardia parasympathetics

Answer 38

inhibit SA node and atrial/junctional nodes -therefore, burst of PS leaves ventricular foci to respond to pause

Question 39

premature beat

Answer 39

irritable focus spontaneously fires single stimulus -atrial, junctional, or ventricular -appears earlier than expected

Question 40

ventricular foci

Answer 40

O2 sensitive | -low O2 - irritable - react

Question 41

irritation of atrial and junctional foci

Answer 41

epi, sympathetics, caffeine, stimulants of beta1, hyperthyroid, stretch -can fire impulse