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Therapeutic Exercise > RANGE OF MOTION & CPM > Flashcards

RANGE OF MOTION & CPM Flashcards

1
Q

ROM exercises is a basic technique use for:

A
  1. Examination of movement (are there any deviations from normal?)
  2. For initiating movement into a program of therapeutic intervention.
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2
Q

What tissues are affected by ROM?

A
  1. Muscle
  2. Joint
  3. Capsule
  4. Ligament
  5. Fascia
  6. Blood vessel
  7. Nerve
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3
Q

What is the FUNCTIONAL EXCURSION of muscles?

A
  • Functional excursion is the distance a muscle is capable of shortening after it has been elongated to its maximum.

(IN OTHER WORDS: The excursion between the point of active insufficiency and passive insufficiency)

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4
Q

What is functional excursion influenced by?

A

The joint it crosses

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5
Q

What Factors Can Affect ROM?

A
  1. -Joint Structure and Integrity
  2. -Soft Tissue Flexibility
  3. -Disease Processes
  4. -Trauma
  5. -Surgery
  6. -Inactivity/ Immobilization
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6
Q

What are the type of ROM exercises?

A
  1. Passive PROM
  2. Active AROM
  3. Active assistive A-AROM
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7
Q

What are the indications for PROM?

A
  1. -Patient can not move on his/her own.
  2. -Acute inflamed tissue
  3. -As part of examination
  4. -Demonstration of exercises
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8
Q

Goals for PROM

A
  1. Maintain joint & connective tissue mobility
  2. Minimize/ prevent formation of contracture
  3. Maintain mechanical elasticity of muscle
  4. Assist circulation & vascular dynamics
  5. Enhance synovial movement for nutrition of cartilage and diffusion of materials within a joint
  6. Decrease or inhibit pain
  7. Assist with the healing process after injury/ surgery
  8. Help maintain patient’s awareness of movement
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9
Q

Does PROM assist with circulation and vascular dynamics?

A

Yes

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10
Q

What is the ACTIVE INSUFFICIENCY position of the biceps muscle?

A

Actively flex the elbow, supination of the forearm and flexion of the shoulder

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11
Q

Where is the ideal length-tension relationship of a two joint muscle?

A

in the midportion of their functional excursion, where ideal length-tension relations exist.

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12
Q

What is RANGE OF MOTION exercise?

A

is a basic technique used for the examination of movement and for initiating movement into a program of therapeutic intervention.

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13
Q

What is ACTIVE INSUFFICIENCY of a muscle?

A

When a muscle shortens to a point where it can shorten no more. This is one end of its range.

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14
Q

What is PASSIVE INSUFFICIENCY of the biceps brachii muscle?

A

When a muscle is fully elongated. The muscle is lengthened full range by extending the elbow, pronating the forearm, and simultaneously extending the shoulder. (It is passive because the antagonist muscles or an external force perform this work)

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15
Q

What is CONTINUOUS PASSIVE MOTION?

A

Passive motion performed by a mechanical device that moves a joint slowly and continuously through a controlled ROM

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16
Q

Who is the developer of continuous passive motion?

A

Robert Salter (1960s) is the pioneer of CPM -Believed that motion is healthy for joints. -Demonstrated that CPM has beneficial healing effects on diseased or injured joint structures and soft tissues in animal and clinical studies

17
Q

What is CONTINUOUS PASSIVE MOTION?

A

Passive motion performed by a mechanical device that moves a joint slowly and continuously through a controlled ROM

18
Q

Goals for AROM and AROM

A

same as for PROM, in addition:

  1. Maintain physiologic elesticity and contractility of active muscles.
  2. Provides sensory feedback
  3. Provide stumulus for bone and joint integrity
  4. increase circulation and prevent DVT
  5. Develops coordination
19
Q

Who is the developer of continuous passive motion?

A

Robert Salter (1960s) is the pioneer of CPM -Believed that motion is healthy for joints. -Demonstrated that CPM has beneficial healing effects on diseased or injured joint structures and soft tissues in animal and clinical studies

20
Q

What is CONTINUOUS PASSIVE MOTION?

A

Passive motion performed by a mechanical device that moves a joint slowly and continuously through a controlled ROM

21
Q

Who is the developer of continuous passive motion?

A

Robert Salter (1960s) is the pioneer of CPM -Believed that motion is healthy for joints. -Demonstrated that CPM has beneficial healing effects on diseased or injured joint structures and soft tissues in animal and clinical studies

22
Q

What are the indications for CONTINUOUS PASSIVE MOTION?

A
  • To maintain articular cartilage motion
  • To decrease pain: The sensory input that the CPM generates by moving a joint may result in the relief of pain (based on gate-control theory of pain by Melzack and Wall).
23
Q

What tissues are affected during ROM?

A

-Muscle -Joint -Capsule -Ligament -Fascia -Blood vessel -Nerve

24
Q

Type of exercise?

26
Q

What are the goals of PROM?

A

•  Maintain joint & connective tissue mobility

•  Minimize/ prevent formation of contracture •  Maintain mechanical elasticity of muscle

•  Assist circulation & vascular dynamics

•  Enhance synovial movement for nutrition of
cartilage and diffusion of materials within a joint •  Decrease or inhibit pain

•  Assist with the healing process after injury/ surgery •  Help maintain patient’s awareness of movement

27
Q

Limitations of PROM:

A
  1. True, relaxed ROM may be difficult to obtain when muscle is innervated and pt is conscious
  2. Will not prevent muscle atrophy
  3.  Will not increase muscle strength or endurance
  4. Will not assist circulation as much as active musclecontraction
28
Q

Limitations AROM

A
  1. Will not maintain or increase muscle strength in strong muscles
  2. Will not develop skill or coordination except in the movement patterns used
29
Q

Precautions & Contraindications to ROM Exercises:

A
  1. ROM should not be done when motion is disruptive to the healing process
  2. ROM should not be done when patient response or the condition is life-threatening
30
Q

Indications for CPM

A
  • To maintain articular cartilage motion
  • To decrease pain: The sensory input that the CPM generates by moving a joint may result in the relief of pain (based on gate-control theory of pain by Melzack and Wall
31
Q

How many degrees per day can you increase in CPM

32
Q

Dosage of CPM

A
  • 24 hours/day to 1 hour, three times per day
  • Usually begins in the recovery room before pt awakes
33
Q

Speed of movement in CPM is based on
patient comfort. Usually is:

A

-Usually 1 cycle per 45 seconds or per 2 minutes is well
tolerated

34
Q

o < 1 week OR when satisfactory ROM has been attained
Duration of treatment

35
Q

Duration of CPM treatment

A

< 1 week OR when satisfactory ROM has been attained

36
Q

Contraindications for CPM

A
  • Unstable fractures
  • Unstable joints
  • Very resistive patient (guarding)

Therapeutic Exercise (7 decks)

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