Random words to learn (5) Flashcards

Question 1

Q

adjective

immense

/ɪˈmens/

Answer

A

extremely large or great

lớn, nhiều, mênh mông, etc.

There is still an immense amount of work to be done.
The benefits are immense.
a project of immense importance
To my immense relief, he didn’t notice my mistake.
Synonym: enormous

Question 2

Q

adjective

far-flung

/ˌfɑː ˈflʌŋ/

Answer

A

a long distance away
spread over a wide area

xa xôi

expeditions to the far-flung corners of the world
a newsletter that helps to keep all our far-flung graduates in touch

Question 3

Q

verb

attribute

/əˈtrɪbjuːt/

Answer

A

attribute something to something to say or believe that something is the result of a particular thing
attribute something to somebody to say or believe that somebody is responsible for doing something, especially for saying, writing or painting something
to regard a quality or feature as belonging to somebody/something

cho là do, được quy cho

She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
The power failure was attributed to the recent storms and high winds.
This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare.
a quote that has often been falsely attributed to George Patton
attribute something The committee refused to attribute blame without further information.
attribute something to somebody/something Ancient peoples attributed magical properties to the stones.

Question 4

Q

verb

halt

/hɔːlt/ or /hɒlt/

Answer

A

to stop; to make somebody/something stop

gác lại, dừng lại/ ngăn lại

She walked towards him and then halted.
‘Halt!’ the Major ordered (= used as a command to soldiers).
halt somebody/something The police were halting traffic on the parade route.
The trial was halted after the first week.

Question 5

Q

adjective

relentless

/rɪˈlentləs/

Answer

A

not stopping; not getting less strong
refusing to give up or be less strict or severe

không ngừng nghỉ, không ngừng/ cương quyết, nghiêm khắc, cứng rắn

her relentless pursuit of perfection
The sun was relentless.
a relentless enemy

Question 6

Q

verb

swerve

/swɜːv/

Answer

A

(especially of a vehicle) to change direction suddenly, especially in order to avoid hitting somebody/something

đổi hướng, trệch hướng,

She swerved sharply to avoid a cyclist.
The bus suddenly swerved into his path.
The ball swerved into the net.

Question 7

Q

verb

squirm

/skwɜːm/

Answer

A

to move around a lot making small twisting movements, because you are nervous, uncomfortable, etc.
to feel very embarrassed or ashamed

vặn vẹo/ xấu hổ, ngại ngùng

(+ adv./prep.) The children were squirming restlessly in their seats.
+ adj. Someone grabbed him but he managed to squirm free.

Question 8

Q

verb

squirm

/skwɜːm/

Answer

A

to move around a lot making small twisting movements, because you are nervous, uncomfortable, etc.
to feel very embarrassed or ashamed

vặn vẹo/ xấu hổ, ngại ngùng

(+ adv./prep.) The children were squirming restlessly in their seats.
+ adj. Someone grabbed him but he managed to squirm free.
It made him squirm to think how badly he’d messed up the interview.

Question 9

Q

verb

wriggle

/ˈrɪɡl/

Answer

A

to twist and turn your body or part of it with quick, short movements
to move somewhere by twisting and turning your body or part of it

xoay, vặn

wriggle (about/around) The baby was wriggling around on my lap.
wriggle something She wriggled her toes.
(+ adv./prep.) The fish wriggled out of my fingers.
+ adj. She managed to wriggle free.
wriggle your way/yourself + adv./prep. They wriggled their way through the tunnel.

Question 10

Q

adjective

erratic

/ɪˈrætɪk/

Answer

A

(often disapproving) not happening at regular times; not following any plan or regular pattern; that you cannot rely on

thất thường, lạ đời

Synonym: unpredictable
* The electricity supply here is quite erratic.
* She had learnt to live with his sudden changes of mood and erratic behaviour.
* Mary is a gifted but erratic player (= she does not always play well).
* Irrigation measures will be necessary in areas of erratic rainfall.
* their increasingly erratic policy decisions

Question 11

Q

verb

extinguish

/ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

Answer

A

to make a fire stop burning or a light stop shining (= put out)
to destroy something

dập, tắt/ phá

Firefighters tried to extinguish the flames.
All lights had been extinguished.
News of the bombing extinguished all hope of peace.

Question 12

Q

verb

stutter

/ˈstʌtə(r)/

Answer

A

to have difficulty speaking because you cannot stop yourself from repeating the first sound of some words several times
(of a vehicle or an engine) to move or start with difficulty, making short sharp noises or movements

nói lắp/ (xe cộ, động cơ) cà giật

+ speech ‘W-w-what?’ he stuttered.
stutter (something) I managed to stutter a reply.
The car stuttered along in first gear.

Question 13

Q

verb

scowl

/skaʊl/

Answer

A

scowl (at somebody/something) to look at somebody/something in an angry or annoyed way

cau có, nhăn nhó

The receptionist scowled at me.

Question 14

Q

verb

glower

/ˈɡlaʊə(r)/

Answer

A

glower (at somebody/something) to look in an angry, aggressive way

cau có, nhăn mặt

She glowered across the table at me.
Nicola stared at Tom, who glowered back.
He stood behind her, eyes glowering.

Question 15

Q

verb

incline

/ɪnˈklaɪn/

Answer

A

to tend to think or behave in a particular way; to make somebody do this
incline your head to bend your head forward, especially as a sign of agreement, welcome, etc.
incline (something) (to/towards something) to lean or slope in a particular direction; to make something lean or slope

nghiêng về, có xu hướng/ khom xuống/

incline to/towards something I incline to the view that we should take no action at this stage.
Young people incline towards individualistic behaviour.
incline to do something The government is more effective than we incline to think.
incline somebody to/towards something Lack of money inclines many young people towards crime.
incline somebody to do something His obvious sincerity inclined me to trust him.
He inclined his head in acknowledgement.
The land inclined gently towards the shore.

Question 16

Q

verb

lean

/liːn/

Answer

A

lean (+ adv./prep.) to bend or move from a straight position to a sloping position
to rest on or against something for support
to make something rest against something in a sloping position

nghiêng vào, đặt dựa vào, ngả vào

I leaned back in my chair.
She leaned forward and whispered something in his ear.
My wife leaned in to listen.
lean against something A shovel was leaning against the wall.
lean on something The man was leaning heavily on a stick.
lean something against something Can I lean my bike against the wall?
She leaned her head against his shoulder.
lean something on something He leaned his elbows on the table and sighed.

Question 17

Q

verb/ noun (chung nghĩa)

slope

/sləʊp/

Answer

A

(of a horizontal surface) to be at an angle so that it is higher at one end than the other
(of something vertical) to be at an angle rather than going straight up or straight across

nghiêng, dốc

sloping shoulders
The bedroom floors all sloped.
+ adv./prep. The garden slopes away towards the river.
(of something vertical) to be at an angle rather than going straight up or straight across
It was a very old house with sloping walls.
+ adv./prep. His handwriting slopes backwards.

Question 18

Q

adjective

sloppy

/ˈslɒpi/

Answer

A

that shows a lack of care, thought or effort
(of clothes) loose and without much shape
(informal, especially British English) romantic in a silly or embarrassing way
containing too much liquid

cẩu thả, luộm thuộm/ uỷ mị, sướt mướt/ sũng nước

sloppy thinking
Your work is sloppy.
a sloppy worker
a sloppy T-shirt
a sloppy love story/ sloppy sentiment
Don’t make the mixture too sloppy.

Question 19

Q

noun

equivalent

/ɪˈkwɪvələnt/

Answer

A

a thing, amount, word, etc. that is equal in value, meaning or purpose to something else

sự tương đương, vật tương đương

Send €20 or the equivalent in your own currency.
equivalent of something the modern equivalent of the Roman baths
Is there a French word that is the exact equivalent of the English word ‘home’?
equivalent of doing something Breathing such polluted air is the equivalent of (= has the same effect as) smoking ten cigarettes a day.
equivalent to something The German ‘Gymnasium’ is the closest equivalent to the grammar school in England.

Question 20

Q

adjective

equivalent

/ɪˈkwɪvələnt/

Answer

A

equal in value, amount, meaning, importance, etc.

tương đương

250 grams or an equivalent amount in ounces
the price we would pay elsewhere for a broadly equivalent house
equivalent to something Eight kilometres is roughly equivalent to five miles.

Question 21

Q

noun/ verb (chung nghĩa)

gibe/ jibe

/dʒaɪb/

Answer

A

gibe (at somebody/something) an unkind or offensive remark about somebody
an act of changing direction when sailing with the wind behind you, by moving the sail from one side of the boat to the other

sự chế giễu/ chế nhạo

He made several cheap gibes at his opponent during the interview.
a malicious gibe

Question 22

Q

verb

bind

/baɪnd/

Definition 1

Answer

A

to tie somebody/something with rope, string, etc. so that they/it cannot move or are held together strongly
bind something (up) (formal) to tie a long thin piece of cloth around something
bind something (with something) to sew a piece of material to the edge of something to decorate it or to make it stronger

buộc/ cuộn, băng lại/ khâu

bind somebody/something to something She was bound to a chair.
bind somebody/something together They bound his hands together.
bind somebody/something He was left bound and gagged (= tied up and with a piece of cloth tied over his mouth).
She bound up his wounds.
The blankets were bound with satin.

Question 23

Q

verb

bind

/baɪnd/

Definition 2

Answer

A

to stick together or to make things stick together in a solid mass
to make people, organizations, etc. feel united so that they live or work together more happily or effectively
to force somebody to do something by making them promise to do it or by making it their duty to do it

dính lại/ mang gần lại, kết nối/ bắt buộc

bind (together) Add an egg yolk to make the mixture bind.
bind something (together) Add an egg yolk to bind the mixture together.
bind A (and B) (together) Organizations such as schools and clubs bind a community together.
bind A to B She thought that having his child would bind him to her forever.
bind somebody (to something) He had been bound to secrecy (= made to promise not to tell people about something).
bind somebody to do something The agreement binds her to repay the debt within six months.

Question 24

Q

noun

deflection

/dɪˈflekʃn/

Answer

A

a sudden change in the direction that something is moving in, usually after it has hit something; the act of causing something to change direction

sự lệch, sự đổi hướng

the angle of deflection
the deflection of the missile away from its target
O’Leary’s shot took a deflection off a defender and finished in the net.

Question 25

Q

adjective

miserable

/ˈmɪzrəbl/

Answer

A

very unhappy or uncomfortable
making you feel very unhappy or uncomfortable

We were cold, wet and thoroughly miserable.
Don’t look so miserable!
She knows how to make life miserable for her employees.

Question 26

Q

adjective

miserable

/ˈmɪzrəbl/

Answer

A

very unhappy or uncomfortable
making you feel very unhappy or uncomfortable
(disapproving) (of a person) always unhappy, unfriendly and in a bad mood

khổ sở, khốn khổ, khó chịu

We were cold, wet and thoroughly miserable.
Don’t look so miserable!
She knows how to make life miserable for her employees.
I spent a miserable weekend alone at home.
What a miserable day! (= cold and wet)

Question 27

Q

adjective

defective

/dɪˈfektɪv/

Answer

A

having a fault or faults; not perfect or complete (= faulty)
(sometimes offensive) having a physical problem with part of the body or the way that it works

hỏng, lỗi/ khiếm khuyết, tàn phết

If the goods are defective you should get a full refund.
Her hearing was found to be slightly defective.

Question 28

Q

adjective

insulated

/ˈɪnsjuleɪtɪd/

Answer

A

protected with a material that prevents heat, sound, electricity, etc. from passing through
insulated against/from something protected from unpleasant influences or experiences

cách ly/ chống, cách (nhiệt, điện, etc.)

insulated wires
a well-insulated house
insulated against something The laboratory was well insulated against outside noise.
Many financial institutions are now insulated against higher interest rates.
The community was totally insulated from the outside world.

Question 29

Q

verb

oppress

/əˈpres/

Answer

A

to treat somebody in a cruel and unfair way, especially by not giving them the same freedom, rights, etc. as other people
oppress somebody to make somebody only able to think about things that make them sad or worried

đàn áp/ gây áp lực

The regime is accused of oppressing religious minorities.
Throughout history, our people have been oppressed and exploited.
The gloomy atmosphere in the office oppressed her.
He was beginning to feel oppressed by his surroundings.

Question 30

Q

verb

rescind

/rɪˈsɪnd/

Answer

A

rescind something to officially state that a law, contract, decision, etc. no longer has any legal force

huỷ bỏ (luật, hợp đồng, etc.)

The agreement was rescinded on 20 March 1993.

Question 31

Q

verb

revoke

/rɪˈvəʊk/

Answer

A

revoke something to officially cancel something so that it is no longer legally acceptable

thu hồi, huỷ bỏ (luật, hợp đồng, etc.)

Your licence may be revoked at any time.

Question 32

Q

tremor

/ˈtremə(r)/

Answer

A

a small earthquake in which the ground shakes slightly
a slight shaking movement in a part of your body caused, for example, by cold or fear

sự rung chuyển, rung lắc/ sự run sợ, run cầm cập

an earth tremor
(figurative) The scandal sent tremors through the political establishment.
There was a slight tremor in his voice.
She felt a tremor of fear run through her.

Question 33

Q

verb

configure

/kənˈfɪɡə(r)/

Answer

A

to arrange something in a particular way, especially computer equipment; to make equipment or software work in the way that the user prefers

thiết lập

We need to configure the new system and reassign users and data.

Question 34

Q

adjective

back-end

/ˈbæk end/

Answer

A

relating to the end of a period or process

phụ trợ

Question 35

Q

verb

steer

/stɪə(r)/

Answer

A

steer (something/somebody) (+ adv./prep.) to control the direction in which a boat, car, etc. moves
steer (something) (+ adv./prep.) (of a boat, car, etc.) to move in a particular direction
steer something + adv./prep. to take control of a situation and influence the way in which it develops

lái/ di chuyển/ chỉ đạo, dẫn dắt, lái (câu chuyện)

He steered the boat into the harbour.
(figurative) He took her arm and steered her towards the door.
You row and I’ll steer.
The ship steered a course between the islands.
The ship steered into port.
He managed to steer the conversation away from his divorce.
She steered the team to victory.

Question 36

Q

preposition

apart from
aside from

Answer

A

except for
in addition to; as well as

ngoại trừ/ bên cạnh, ngoài ra

I’ve finished apart from the last question.
Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.
It was a difficult time. Apart from everything else, we had financial problems.

Question 37

Q

verb

squint

/skwɪnt/

Answer

A

to look at something with your eyes partly shut in order to keep out bright light or to see better
(of an eye) to look in a different direction from the other eye

nheo mắt/ (mắt) lé

to squint into the sun
She was squinting through the keyhole.
He squinted at the letter in his hand.
His left eye squints a little.
A squinting eye can be corrected by surgery.

Question 38

Q

verb

disguise

/dɪsˈɡaɪz/

Answer

A

to change your appearance so that people cannot recognize you
disguise something to hide something or change it, so that it cannot be recognized

cải trang/ giả bộ (để che giấu)

disguise somebody The hijackers were heavily disguised.
disguise somebody as somebody/something They got in disguised as security guards.
She was cleverly disguised as a policewoman.
disguise yourself (as somebody/something) She disguised herself as a boy.
She made no attempt to disguise her surprise.
It was a thinly disguised attack on the president.
She couldn’t disguise the fact that she felt uncomfortable.
He tried to disguise his accent.

Question 39

Q

verb

repulse

/rɪˈpʌls/

Answer

A

to make somebody feel strong dislike (= repel)
to fight somebody who is attacking you and drive them away (= repel)
to refuse to accept somebody’s help, attempts to be friendly, etc. (= reject)

khiến cho ai ghét/ đánh lùi, đẩy lùi/ từ chối

I was repulsed by the horrible smell.
to repulse an attack/invasion/offensive
Each time I tried to help I was repulsed.
She repulsed his advances.

Question 40

Q

verb

conceal

/kənˈsiːl/

Answer

A

to hide somebody/something

che giấu

conceal somebody/something The paintings were concealed beneath a thick layer of plaster.
Tim could barely conceal his disappointment.
She sat down to conceal the fact that she was trembling.
conceal somebody/something from somebody/something For a long time his death was concealed from her.

Question 41

Q

adjective

diligent

/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/

Answer

A

showing care and effort in your work or duties

siêng năng

a diligent student/worker

Question 42

Q

/prəˈfjuːs/

profuse

adjective

Answer

A

produced in large amounts

dồi dào, nhiều

profuse apologies/thanks
profuse bleeding

Question 43

Q

adjective

spare

/speə(r)/

Answer

A

available to do what you want with rather than work
that is not being used or is not needed at the present time
kept in case you need to replace the one you usually use; extra

(thời gian) rảnh/ thừa, chưa dùng đến/ dự phòng

He’s studying music in his spare time.
I haven’t had a spare moment this morning.
We’ve got a spare bedroom, if you’d like to stay.
I’m afraid I haven’t got any spare cash.
Are there any tickets going spare (= are there any available, not being used by somebody else)?
a spare key/tyre
Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.

Question 44

Q

verb

reassure

/ˌriːəˈʃʊə(r)/

Answer

A

to say or do something that makes somebody less frightened or worried

trấn an, trấn tĩnh

reassure somebody (about something) They tried to reassure her, but she still felt anxious.
reassure somebody that… The doctor reassured him that there was nothing seriously wrong.
be reassured of something She needed to be reassured of his love for her.
Synonym: put/set somebody’s mind at ease/rest

Question 45

Q

noun

validation

/ˌvælɪˈdeɪʃn/

Answer

A

the act of proving that something is true or correct
the act of making something legally recognized
the act of stating officially that something is useful and of an acceptable standard
the feeling that others recognize that you are right or good enough

thẩm định, chứng nhận, xác thực

There must be some form of external validation of the data.
validation of web service contracts
an agreement on the validation of the institution’s degree courses
We seek validation from our peers.

Question 46

Q

noun

affliction

/əˈflɪkʃn/

Answer

A

pain and difficulty or something that causes it

phiền não, khổ sở, sự đau đớn, etc./ tác nhân gây ra những điều kể trên

She suffered terrible afflictions in her life.
the increasingly common affliction of smartphone addiction
He suffers from an unfortunate affliction.

Question 47

Q

verb

recur

/rɪˈkɜː(r)/

Answer

A

to happen again or a number of times

tái diễn, tái phát, tái xuất, etc.

This theme recurs several times throughout the book.
a recurring illness/problem/nightmare, etc.

Question 48

Q

noun

spiral

/ˈspaɪrəl/

Answer

A

a shape or design, consisting of a continuous curved line that winds around a central point, with each curve further away from the centre
a continuous harmful increase or decrease in something, that gradually gets faster and faster

The birds circled in a slow spiral above the house.
A spiral of smoke rose from the chimney.
How can we halt the destructive spiral of violence in the inner cities?
measures to control the inflationary spiral
the upward/downward spiral of sales
the vicious spiral of rising wages and prices

Question 49

Q

noun

spiral

/ˈspaɪrəl/

Answer

A

a shape or design, consisting of a continuous curved line that winds around a central point, with each curve further away from the centre
a continuous harmful increase or decrease in something, that gradually gets faster and faster

hình xoắn ốc/

The birds circled in a slow spiral above the house.
A spiral of smoke rose from the chimney.
How can we halt the destructive spiral of violence in the inner cities?
measures to control the inflationary spiral
the upward/downward spiral of sales
the vicious spiral of rising wages and prices

Question 50

Q

adjective

sustained

/səˈsteɪnd/

Answer

A

continuing for a period of time without becoming less

duy trì (ổn định)

a period of sustained economic growth
a sustained attack

Question 51

Q

verb

disband

/dɪsˈbænd/

Answer

A

disband (somebody/something) to stop somebody/something from operating as a group; to separate or no longer operate as a group

giải tán/ tan rã

Question 52

Q

just a saying, not an idiom, but it does sound good

a true act of goodwill always sparks another

Answer

A

một nghĩa cử cao đẹp sẽ luôn có cách lan toả của nó

Question 53

Q

verb

compel

/kəmˈpel

Answer

A

to force somebody to do something; to make something necessary
(not used in the progressive tenses) to cause a particular reaction

bắt buộc, ép buộc/ thu hút, dẫn tới một phản ứng gì đó

compel somebody to do something The law can compel fathers to make regular payments for their children.
I feel compelled to write and tell you how much I enjoyed your book.
The court has powers to compel witnesses to attend.
compel something Last year ill health compelled his retirement.
He spoke with an authority that compelled the attention of the whole crowd.

Question 54

Q

adjective

compelling

/kəmˈpelɪŋ/

Answer

A

that makes you pay attention to it because it is so interesting and exciting
so strong that you cannot resist it
that makes you think it is true

thu hút, hấp dẫn/ lôi cuốn/ (bằng chứng, lời lẽ) có tính thuyết phục

Her latest book makes compelling reading.
His eyes were strangely compelling.
a compelling need/desire
He was a sad man with a compelling need to talk about his unhappiness.
There is no compelling reason to believe him.
The new studies provide compelling evidence in support of these concepts.

Question 55

Q

verb

parade

/pəˈreɪd/

Answer

A

(+ adv./prep.) to walk somewhere in a formal group of people, in order to celebrate or protest about something
parade (somebody/something) + adv./prep. to show somebody/something in public so that people can see them/it
to pretend to be, or to make somebody/something seem to be, good or important when they are not

biểu tình, diễu hành/ trình diễn, phô trương/ giả bộ

The victorious team will parade through the city tomorrow morning.
The trophy was paraded around the stadium.
The prisoners were paraded in front of the crowd.
parade somebody/something/yourself as something He paraded himself as a loyal supporter of the party.

Question 56

Q

noun

commission

/kəˈmɪʃn/

Answer

A

an official group of people who have been given responsibility to control something, or to find out about something, usually for the government
the act of doing something wrong or illegal
an amount of money that is paid to somebody for selling goods and that increases with the amount of goods that are sold or is charged by a bank, etc. for providing a particular service

nhiệm vụ/ hành động (gây tội)/ phí, phẩn trăm, hoa hồng, etc.

on a commission the British representative on the commission
commission on something She was also a member of the commission on religious education.
the commission of a crime
1 per cent commission is charged for exchanging foreign currency.
commission on something The bank charges a high commission on these transactions.

Question 57

Q

noun

mascot

/ˈmæskət/

Answer

A

a person, animal or thing that people believe will bring them good luck, or that represents an organization or event

linh vật

The team’s mascot is a giant swan.
Miraitowa—the official mascot of the Tokyo 2020 Olympics
Jonny will be the team mascot and will lead the players out onto the pitch.

Question 58

Q

adjective

prolonged

/prəˈlɒŋd/

Answer

A

continuing for a long time

kéo dài

a prolonged illness
a prolonged period of dry weather
the effects of prolonged exposure to the sun
In many parts of the country, frosts were severe and prolonged.

Question 59

Q

noun

ecstasy

/ˈekstəsi/

Answer

A

a feeling or state of very great happiness

in ecstasy Kate closed her eyes in ecstasy at the thought of a cold drink.
An ecstasy of bliss poured through me.

Question 60

Q

verb

conjure

/ˈkʌndʒə(r)/

Answer

A

to do clever tricks such as making things seem to appear or disappear as if by magic

làm biến mất (ảo thuật)

Her grandfather taught her to conjure.
conjure something + adv./prep. He could conjure coins from behind people’s ears.

Question 61

Q

noun

grief

/ɡriːf/

Answer

A

a very sad feeling, especially when somebody dies
something that makes you feel very sad
problems and worry

nỗi buồn/ sự lo lắng, vấn đề

grief for somebody/something her grief for her dead husband
grief over something grief over the loss of friends
grief at something He could not hide his grief at her death.
It was a grief to them that they had no children.
He caused his parents a lot of grief.
Such behaviour can cause considerable grief.

Question 62

Q

idioms

come to grief

Answer

A

(informal)
to end in total failure

thất bại thảm hại

All his schemes for making money seem to come to grief.

Question 63

Q

noun

swarm

/swɔːm/

Answer

A

a large group of insects, especially bees, moving together in the same direction
a large group of people, especially when they are all moving quickly in the same direction

a swarm of bees/locusts/flies
Gnats came in swarms to torment them.

Question 64

Q

verb

devour

/dɪˈvaʊə(r)/

Answer

A

to eat all of something quickly, especially because you are very hungry
to read or look at something with great interest and enthusiasm
to destroy somebody/something

ăn ngấu nghiến/ nhìn, đọc chăm chú/ tàn phá, tiêu diệt

He devoured half of his burger in one bite.
The animal quickly devoured its prey.
She devoured everything she could lay her hands on: books, magazines and newspapers.
His dark eyes devoured her beauty.

Answer 65

A

to be filled with a strong emotion that seems to control you

ngập tràn (cảm xúc)

She was devoured by envy and hatred.

Answer 66

A

to move soldiers or weapons into a position where they are ready for military action
to use something effectively

dàn quân, triển khai/ tận dụng, khai thác

2 000 troops were deployed in the area.
At least 5 000 missiles were deployed along the border.
Tanks were deployed effectively during the long campaign.
to deploy arguments/resources
She rejected the arguments that had been deployed against her.

Answer 67

A

to be spread around a place, making it look untidy
to leave things in a place, making it look untidy
be littered with something to contain or involve a lot of a particular type of thing, usually something bad

tràn ngập (bừa bãi)/ bày bừa/ tràn ngập

Piles of books and newspapers littered the floor.
Broken glass littered the streets.
be littered with something The floor was littered with papers.
He was arrested for littering.
Your essay is littered with spelling mistakes.

Answer 68

A

the amount by which money spent or owed is greater than money earned in a particular period of time
the amount by which something, especially an amount of money, is too small or smaller than something else

sự thiếu hụt

a budget/trade deficit
in deficit The trade balance has been in deficit for the past five years.
There’s a deficit of $3 million in the total needed to complete the project.
The team has to come back from a 2–0 deficit in the first half.

Answer 69

A

[usually passive] (formal or specialist)
to put together different items, amounts, etc. into a single group or total

tổng hợp

be aggregated (with something) The scores were aggregated with the first round totals to decide the winner.

Answer 70

A

the act of expressing something in words
something that you say

sự bày tỏ/ sự phát biểu, sự phát âm

You may feel moved to give utterance to your thoughts.
The audience was won over by the utterance of a few platitudes about freedom and the family.
This was one of her few recorded public utterances.
In his public utterances he has suggested support for the bill, but in private he speaks against it.

Answer 71

A

a group of people at a meeting or an event who have something in common, especially the place they come from, that is not shared by other people at the event
a group of soldiers that are part of a larger force

tập hợp, phần, nhóm?

The largest contingent was from the United States.
A strong contingent of local residents were there to block the proposal.
The French contingent in the UN peacekeeping force withdrew.

Answer 72

A

contingent (on/upon something) (formal) depending on something that may or may not happen
contingent worker/work/job (business) a person, or work done by a person, who does not have a permanent contract with a company

ngẫu nhiên, may rủi/ (công việc, nhân viên) không chính thức, thời vụ

All payments are contingent upon satisfactory completion dates.
the spread of contingent work throughout the economy
the use of leased, temporary and other contingent workers

Answer 73

A

(formal) a long and serious treatment or discussion of a subject in speech or writing
the use of language in speech and writing in order to produce meaning; language that is studied, usually in order to see how the different parts of a text are connected

cuộc thảo luận/ luận văn

discourse on something a discourse on issues of gender and sexuality
He was hoping for some lively political discourse at the meeting.
spoken/written discourse
discourse analysis

Answer 74

A

(formal) to talk or give a long speech about something that you know a lot about

thảo luận

He discoursed for hours on the problems of the education system.

Answer 75

A

next to something

The planes landed on adjacent runways.
numbers that are adjacent in the sequence
adjacent to something Our farm land was adjacent to the river.
The vineyards of Verzy lie adjacent to those of Verzenay.
There is a row of houses immediately adjacent to the factory.

Answer 76

A

variation (in/of something) a change, especially in the amount or level of something
variation (on something) a thing that is different from other things in the same general group
variation (on something) (music) any of a set of short pieces of music based on a simple tune repeated in a different and more complicated form

biến thể, biến đổi

The dial records very slight variations in pressure.
Currency exchange rates are always subject to variation.
regional/seasonal variation (= depending on the region or time of year)
This soup is a spicy variation on a traditional favourite.
His numerous complaints are all variations on a theme (= all about the same thing).

Answer 77

A

a system, especially in a society or an organization, in which people are organized into different levels of importance from highest to lowest
a system that ideas or beliefs can be arranged into according to their importance

hệ thống phân chia đẳng cấp/ hệ thống cấp bậc

the social/political hierarchy
She’s quite high up in the management hierarchy.
a hierarchy of needs

Answer 78

A

arranged in a hierarchy

được phân theo cấp bậc

a hierarchical society/structure/organization
The company’s structure is rigidly hierarchical.

Answer 79

A

(often disapproving) (of rules, methods, etc.) very strict and difficult to change (= inflexible)
(often disapproving) (of a person) not willing to change their ideas or behaviour
(of an object or substance) stiff and difficult to move or bend

cố định, cứng rắn, nghiêm khắc/ ương/ khó bẻ cong

The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.
His rigid adherence to the rules made him unpopular.
rigid attitudes
a rigid support for the tent
She sat upright, her body rigid with fear.
(figurative) I was bored rigid (= extremely bored).

Answer 80

A

to hit somebody/something by accident
bump something (against/on something) to hit something, especially a part of your body, against or on something
to move across a rough surface
to move somebody from one group or position to another; to remove somebody from a group

đâm vào/ va vào, đập vào/ băng qua/ chuyển (hạng/ nhóm, etc.)

bump into somebody/something In the dark I bumped into a chair.
bump against somebody/something The car bumped against the kerb.
Be careful not to bump your head on the beam when you stand up.
+ adv./prep. The jeep bumped along the dirt track.
bump something + adv./prep. The car bumped its way slowly down the drive.
bump somebody + adv./prep. to move somebody from one group or position to another; to remove somebody from a group
The airline apologized and bumped us up to first class.
If you are bumped off an airline because of overbooking, you are entitled to compensation.

Answer 81

A

a small part or amount of something
a division of a number, for example ⅝
a quantity of liquid that has been collected as a result of a process that separates the parts of a liquid mixture

phần, sự chia ra/ phân số/ chất lỏng (đã được phân tách)

Only a small fraction of a bank’s total deposits will be withdrawn at any one time.
She hesitated for the merest fraction of a second.
He raised his voice a fraction.
How do you express 25% as a fraction?
The third fraction contains alcohols with boiling points of 120–130℃.

Answer 82

A

to publicly support an organization, a set of opinions or a person that you agree with

ủng hộ, đứng về phía

Newspapers traditionally align themselves with one political party.
The group does not want to align itself too closely with the government.

Answer 83

A

[intransitive, transitive] align (something) (with something) to arrange something in the correct position, or to be in the correct position, in relation to something else, especially in a straight line
[transitive] align something (with/to something) to change something slightly so that it is in the correct relationship to something else

sắp xếp (thẳng hàng), xếp ngay ngắn/ căn chỉnh

Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.
The top and bottom line of each column on the page should align.
Domestic prices have been aligned with those in world markets.

Answer 84

A

most important or easy to notice

quan trọng, đặc biệt, nổi bật, trọng tâm nhất

She pointed out the salient features of the new design.
He summarized the salient points.

Answer 85

A

a supply of something that is available to be used in the future or when it is needed
the lowest price that somebody will accept for something, especially something that is sold at an auction
a piece of land that is a protected area for animals, plants, etc. (= preserve)

nguồn dự trữ/ giá khởi điểm/ khu bảo tồn

reserve funds
The painting failed to reach to its reserve and was withdrawn from the sale.
reserve of something He discovered unexpected reserves of strength.
a wildlife/forest reserve

Answer 86

A

the quality that somebody has when they do not talk easily to other people about their ideas, feelings, etc.
a feeling that you do not want to accept or agree to something, etc. until you are quite sure that it is all right to do so

sự cẩn trọng, phòng bị, giới hạn, đề phòng, etc.

She found it difficult to make friends because of her natural reserve.
Jaime always talked to people without reserve.
with reserve Any contract should be treated with reserve until it has been checked.
without reserve She trusted him without reserve (= completely).

Answer 87

A

to ask for a seat, table, room, etc. to be available for you or somebody else at a future time
reserve something for somebody/something to keep something for somebody/something, so that it cannot be used by any other person or for any other reason
to have or keep a particular power

đặt trước, giữ chỗ/ giữ, dành (cái gì đó cho ai)/ giữ quyền, bảo hộ

reserve something for somebody/something I’d like to reserve a table for three for eight o’clock.
reserve something I’ve reserved a room in the name of Jones.
These seats are reserved for special guests.
The team captain reserved special praise for his players after the match.
The management reserves the right to refuse admission.

Answer 88

A

mental or physical pressure

áp lực

under strain Their marriage is under great strain at the moment.
strain on something These repayments are putting a strain on our finances.
Relax, and let us take the strain (= do things for you).
under strain Television newsreaders come under enormous strain.
strain on something You should try not to place too much strain on muscles and joints.
The ground here cannot take the strain of a large building.

Answer 89

A

an injury to a part of your body, such as a muscle, that is caused by using it too much or by twisting it
a particular type of plant or animal, or of a disease caused by bacteria, etc.
a particular feature of the character of a person or group, or a quality in their manner
(formal) the sound of music being played or sung

chấn thương/ bệnh dịch/ khuynh hướng, có máu/ âm

a calf/groin/leg strain
muscle strain
a new strain of mosquitoes resistant to the poison
This is only one of the many strains of the disease.
He had a definite strain of snobbery in him.
She could hear the strains of Mozart through the window.
He heard the familiar strains of a tango coming from the club.

Answer 90

A

having the value zero

kết quả giá trị 0

a null result

Answer 91

A

(of an election, agreement, etc.) having no legal force; not valid

không có hiệu lực

The contract was declared null and void.
They declared the agreement null and void.

Answer 92

A

(of information) not accurate or correct (= distorted)
skewed (towards somebody/something) directed towards a particular group, place, etc. in a way that may not be accurate or fair
not straight or level

không chính xác, sai số/ ???/ không thẳng hay bằng phẳng

skewed statistics
The book is heavily skewed towards American readers.
The car had ended up skewed across the road.

Answer 93

A

pulled out of shape so that it looks strange; made to sound strange
(of facts or ideas) presented in a way that changes them so that they are no longer correct or true

bóp méo/ làm sai lệch

a distorted image
The song features lots of crazy distorted guitar.
The article gave a distorted picture of his childhood.
He presents a grossly distorted view of the issues.

Answer 94

A

a difference, especially one connected with unfair treatment

khác biệt, phân biệt

disparity between A and B The wide disparity between rich and poor was highlighted.
disparity (in something) growing regional disparities in economic prosperity
disparity (in something) There are growing regional disparities in economic prosperity.

Answer 95

A

(formal) added together as a total or single amount

tổng hợp lại, tóm lại

Businesses are, in the aggregate, deeper in debt than ever before.

Answer 96

A

reconcile something (with something) to find an acceptable way of dealing with two or more ideas, needs, etc. that seem to be opposed to each other
[usually passive] to make people become friends again after an argument or a disagreement
reconcile somebody/yourself (to something) to make somebody/yourself accept an unpleasant situation because it is not possible to change it

dàn xếp, hoà giải, giảng hoà

an attempt to reconcile the need for industrial development with concern for the environment
It was hard to reconcile his career ambitions with the needs of his children.
reconcile somebody The pair were reconciled after Jackson made a public apology.
reconcile somebody with somebody He has recently been reconciled with his wife.
reconcile somebody The pair were reconciled after Jackson made a public apology.
reconcile somebody with somebody He has recently been reconciled with his wife.

Answer 97

A

to prepare and use land for growing plants or crops
cultivate somebody/something (sometimes disapproving) to try to get somebody’s friendship or support
cultivate something to develop an attitude, a way of talking or behaving, etc.

gieo trồng, nuôi cấy/ vun đắp, lấy lòng/ tạo nên, phát triển

The land around here has never been cultivated.
The land here has been intensively cultivated for generations.
The people cultivate mainly rice and beans.
He purposely tried to cultivate good relations with the press.
It helps if you go out of your way to cultivate the local people.
She cultivated an air of sophistication.
This modern image is actively cultivated by the company.

Answer 98

A

the particular way in which something is understood or explained
the particular way in which somebody chooses to perform a piece of music, a role in a play, etc.

sự diễn dịch, giải thích/ sự trình diễn

Her evidence suggests a different interpretation of the events.
It is not possible for everyone to put their own interpretation on the law.
Dreams are open to interpretation (= they can be explained in different ways).
a modern interpretation of ‘King Lear’

Answer 99

A

to explain the meaning of something
to translate one language into another as it is spoken
to perform a piece of music, a role in a play, etc. in a way that shows your feelings about its meaning

giải thích, giải nghĩa/ dịch/ trình diễn

Answer 100

A

to not include something/somebody, either deliberately or because you have forgotten it/them
omit to do something to not do or fail to do something

quên, bỏ xót, làm ngơ/ quên làm, hoặc làm nhưng tạch

omit something/somebody If you are a student, you can omit questions 16–18.
omit something/somebody from something People were surprised that Smith was omitted from the team.
She omitted to mention that they were staying the night.

Answer 101

A

to emphasize something or make it easier to notice

nhấn mạnh, trình ra, làm nổi bật lên

Her short hair accentuated her huge eyes.
The fundamental patterns of inequality have remained and have been accentuated by the war.
When talks did occur, they tended to accentuate differences between the two groups.

Answer 102

A

easily upset, especially by small things (= irritable)
(formal) making trouble and complaining

bông tuyết :D/ gây khó chịu

Children often get fractious and tearful when tired.
The six fractious republics are demanding autonomy.

Answer 103

A

anger between people who disagree (= dispute)
contention (that…) a belief or an opinion that you express, especially in an argument

sự tranh chấp, cãi cọ/ quan điểm

One area of contention is the availability of nursery care.
Privatization of the health service remains a point of contention.
There is no contention between the two groups.
It is our client’s contention that the fire was an accident.
I would reject that contention.

Answer 104

A

an argument between two people, groups or countries; discussion about a subject on which people disagree

tranh luận, tranh cãi

industrial/pay disputes
dispute between A and B a dispute between the two countries about the border
dispute over/about something the latest dispute over fishing rights
in dispute with somebody/something The union is in dispute with management over working hours.
in/under dispute The cause of the accident was still in dispute (= being argued about).
These are not the issues under dispute.
beyond dispute The matter was settled beyond dispute by the court judgment (= it could no longer be argued about).
open to dispute His theories are open to dispute (= can be disagreed with).

Answer 105

A

precede somebody/something to happen before something or come before something/somebody in order
precede somebody + adv./prep. to go in front of somebody
precede something with something to do or say something to introduce something else

đến trước, đi trước/ dùng A để giới thiệu B

the years preceding the war
His resignation was preceded by weeks of speculation.
She preceded me in the job.
in the moments which immediately preceded the earthquake
She preceded him out of the room.
She preceded her speech with a vote of thanks to the committee.

Answer 106

A

in a way that can be exchanged, especially without affecting the way in which something works

có thể hoán đổi

These terms are used interchangeably.

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