Random passmed bits

Question 1

Most common causative agent of diarrhoea in HIV +ve patients

Answer 1

Crytosporidium

Question 2

Treatment of Bowen’s disease (intraepithelial scc)

Answer 2

5-Flurouracil

Question 3

Which type of MND carries the worst prognosis?

Answer 3

Progressive bulbar palsy

Question 4

Most common extra-renal complications of polycystic kidney disease

Answer 4

Liver cysts

Also - pancreatic cysts and berry aneurysms (leading to SAH) though these are less common

Question 5

Reduced metal movements >28 weeks and no heartbeat heard on doppler. What would you do next?

Answer 5

Ultrasound

Question 6

Management of Renal stones

Answer 6

<5mm usually pass spontaneously (Lithotripsy or Nephrolithiotomy only needed in v severe cases)

Any evidence of ureteric obstruction (e.g hydronephrosis), Horseshoe kidney or transplant requires URGENT DECOMPRESSIVE SURGERY.

Uretoscopy can be used for stones <2cm in pregnant females.

Question 6

is flucoxacillin safe in pregnancy?

Answer 6

Yes

1st line for cellulitis (2nd line being erythromycin for pen allergies - also safe in pregnancy)

Question 7

Drug induced lupus

Answer 7

Can be caused by: Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Penicillamine, procainamide and Phenytoin

Antibody/Invx = Anti-histone antibodies.

Question 8

Anal fissure management

Answer 8

Fissures <1week age = soften stool (bulk forming laxatives), dietary fibre, pain relief +/- topical anaesthetic if needed.

Chronic anal fissure = topical GTN

Question 9

Abdominoperineal excision

Answer 9

Removal of Anus, Rectum and sigmoid colon (for cancers in lesser 1/3 of rectum or invading anal sphincter, perineum, anal canal etc)
with stoma formation

Question 10

Impetigo treatment

Answer 10

Hydrogen peroxide 1% cream first line

Topical fusidic acid 2nd line

Question 11

Which medications cause gingival hyperplasia

Answer 11

Phenytoin
Calcium channel blockers
cyclosporin