Random Neuro Facts Flashcards
Modic 1
T2 hyperintense
T1 hypointense
edema
Modic 2
T2 hyperintense
T1 hyperintese
fatty proliferation
Modic 3
T2 hypointense
T1 hypointense
sclerosis
synovial cyst
epidural cyst associated with facet arthropathy
T2 bright
T1 mixed depending on presence of internal hemorrhage
ossification of the PLL
bulky calc of PLL.
associated with DISH
T1 hyperintense things
fat hemorrhage / slow moving blood Ca+ (when not in bone) Minerals proteinaceous fluids melanin gadolinium
Causes of CSF nonsuppression in FLAIR
pus and hemorrhage are most common
oxygenation can too.
Confirm successful contrast uptake on T1 by looking at these structures
Pituitary gland
Pineal gland
nasal mucosa
T2 hypointense things
Ca+ Hemorrhage fibrous lesions Highly cellular tumors Vascular flow void Desiccated mucin
Reduced diffusion ddx
acute stroke bacterial abscess Highly cellular tumors epidermoid cyst herpes encephalitis Creutzfeldt Jakob disease
GRE multiple dark spots ddx
Hypertensive microbleeds (in bg, thalami, cerebellum, pons)
amyloid angiopathy
cavernous malformations
axonal shear injury
hemorrhagic mets
Burst fracture (C2)
compression fx with disruption of posterior vertebral body cortex.
Hangman fracture
traumatic anterolithesis of C2 with fracture of bilateral pars interarticularis
clay shovelers fracture
fracture through spinous process of a vertebra esp in lower cervical and upper thoracic spine
hyperflexion
Hyperflexion with compression:
primarily anterior/middle column injury. hyperkyphosis, anterior compression/teardrop fx. vertebral bodies inferior to injury will be forced back causing cord injury. Spinous process may be fanned out.
Hyperflexion with distraction:
primarily middle/posterior column injury. hyperkyphosis, spinous process fanned out, dislocated facet joints
jefferson fracture
multiple fractures of C1 arch
vertebral body hemangioma
CT: thickened vertically aligned trabeculae (polka dot/ corduroy) in fatty stroma
MR: T1 and T2 hyperintense.
Astrocytoma in spinal cord
T1 hypo to isointense. Minority have hyper due to blood products
T2 hyperintense
T2* may be hypo if blood products
T1 post enhance partially to total
May be associated with syrinx
colloid cyst
Wedged in foramen of Monroe with fornix draping it
appearance depends on cholesterol content
NECT: usually hyperdense. can vary
T1: hyperintense. 1/3 isointense T2: isointense. can have "black hole" FLAIR: does not suppress DWI: no restriction T1 C+: no enhancement. may have peripheral rim enhancement.
ddx: Neurocysticercosis
