Random HY

Question 1

Transfusion related 
acute respiratory distress, 
fever, chills, 
hypotension, 
general PRURITUS,
BACK PAIN
pain at the IV site 
are suggestive of:

Answer 1

acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR)

Question 2

An adverse effect of transfusion of blood products characterized by acute-onset,
NONcardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Manifests with dyspnea, hypoxemia, HYPOtension, and fever that typically occurs within 6 hours after transfusion.

Answer 2

transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

get CXR

Question 3

A transfusion reaction in which patients develop pulmonary EDEMA as a result of volume overload. Typically occurs when a large amount of blood products are transfused rapidly. Risk factors include a history of underlying cardiovascular or renal disease.
Px with HTN, respiratory distress, and hypoxia within 6 hours of transfusion, with signs of pulmonary edema on examination and imaging.

Answer 3

transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)

get CXR

Question 4

____ should be obtained in patients with suspected transfusion-associated sepsis, which can manifest with fever, chills, respiratory distress, tachycardia, and hypotension.

Answer 4

Blood cultures

Question 5

Transfusion related respiratory distress, hypotension, and tachycardia, and wheezing

Answer 5

anaphylactic transfusion reaction

screen for selective IgA deficiency

Question 6

Measurement of ___, can be performed in patients with anaphylactic transfusion reactions.

Answer 6

anti-IgA antibodies & IgA levels

*selective IgA deficiency

Question 7

hemodynamically unstable patient presents with hypotension
distant heart sounds
and JVD
pulsus paradoxus (absent pulse during inspiration),
and chest pain indicate (Dx)

Answer 7

cardiac tamponade

Tx: Pericardiocentesis

Question 8

tacrolimus side effects include hyperkalemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance, neurotoxicity, and

Answer 8

nephrotoxicity

like cyclosporin

Question 9

Manifests with recurrent episodes of monoarthritis (Knees & Wrist) typically self-limited.

Radiographic findings include Chondrocalcinosis and degenerative changes (subchondral cysts) in affected joints.

Answer 9

calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease (pseudogout)

Rhomboid calcium pyrophosphate crystals with +birefringence (synovial fluid)

Question 10

a medial popliteal mass that disappears upon flexion of the knee (when the joint space is widened) and increases in extension of the knee

Answer 10

Popliteal cyst (Baker cyst)

Risk factors: knee trauma, OA, RA

Question 11

The combination of ____ is the preferred three-drug regimen for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

Answer 11

raltegravir (or dolutegravir)
tenofovir
emtricitabine

Question 12

prevents bone resorption by acting as an estrogen aGonist in the BONE.

& estrogen anTagonist qualities in the BREAST and ENDOMETRIUM

Answer 12

Raloxifene

Question 13

epigastric pain that improves with food intake, which suggests a

Answer 13

duodenal ulcer

Question 14

The most common location for peptic ulcer perforation is the _______ which usually perforate into the _____

Answer 14

anterior duodenum

peritoneal cavity

Question 15

Perforated ulcers in the _____ tend to cause massive _____ from the adjacent gastroduodenal artery

Answer 15

posterior duodenum

bleeding (hematemesis)

Question 16

A high-pitched, holosystolic murmur at the apex with radiation to the back and higher intensity with increased systemic vascular resistance (hand grip, squatting) in a patient with exertional dyspnea is characteristic of

Answer 16

mitral regurgitation

LA dilation on echo

Question 17

PCV13 vaccine is currently recommended for all individuals ≥ __ years with an immunocompromising condition (CLL, chemotherapy) and should be followed by the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 23 (PPSV23) at least 8 weeks later.

Answer 17

65

Question 18

Femoral arteriovenous fistula following femoral artery catheterization manifest with

Answer 18

groin bruit

Question 19

Femoral artery pseudoaneurysm following femoral artery catheterization manifest with pain in the groin and

Answer 19

a pulsatile mass, and a systolic bruit over the swelling

get a Duplex ultrasonography

Question 20

Post Afib treatment with Warfarin can cause what skin finding?

Answer 20

Reduced levels of protein C results in a transient state of hypercoagulability → risk of thrombosis and warfarin-induced SKIN NECROSIS.

Question 21

worsening diarrhea shortly after starting chemotherapy, suggests chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CTID).
TX

Answer 21

Loperamide (1st)

Octreotide (2nd or septic)

Question 22

Gastric ulcer worse with food. Most Common Cx is

Answer 22

GI bleed

not perforation

Question 23

What neuro finding is intact in ALS?

2

Answer 23

Sensation to pinprick and vibration

Question 24

Why does diabetic nephropathy present with hyperfiltration of kidneys?
(aka increased microalbuminuria:Cr)

Answer 24

Non-enzymatic glycosylation (NEG)

Question 25

What is one of the most common causes of CHF?

Answer 25

Arterial hypertension (HTN)

Question 26

What medication causes exacerbation of advanced congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Answer 26

NSAID use

Question 27

What do next if patient has a positive TB Skin Test?

Answer 27

Get a Sputum PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis