LIVER Pathology

Question 1

The replacement of liver tissue with scar tissue secondary to chronic liver damage.

Answer 1

Cirrhosis

Question 2

Etiologies of Cirrhosis include:
alcohol use
(4)

Answer 2

Hepatitis (viral/autoimmune)

Hemochromatosis
(Wilson disease & alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency)

HTN & Diabetes

Question 3

Clinical findings of Cirrhosis include

JASHH has cirrhosis from binging(5)

Answer 3

Jaundice
Ascites

Skin changes:
(spider angiomata, palmar erythema, caput medusae)

Hepatosplenomegaly

Hormonal changes:
(gynecomastia, hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction).

Question 4

Portal HTN is a condition of increased portal venous pressure (normal pressure is 5–10 mm Hg)

resulting from (3)

(Mesenteric/splenic vein → Hepatic portal vein → liver → L. Hepatic vein → IVC)

Answer 4

1. prehepatic (portal vein thrombosis),
2. hepatic (liver cirrhosis)
3. posthepatic (right-sided heart failure) obstructing portal blood out- flow.

Question 5

3 complications of Portal HTN include:

Answer 5

1. Porto-systemic anastomoses (esophageal varices)
2. splenomegaly
3. ascites (high pressure in veins causes fluid leaks)

Question 6

___ infection is treated with a combination of two direct-acting antivirals :
ledipasvir
sofosbuvir

Answer 6

Chronic HCV

Letty on the sofa w/ HCV

Question 7

IVDU with clinical features of cirrhosis and portal hypertension suggests a chronic

Answer 7

hepatitis C infection