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Question 1

Swan-Ganz catheter?

Answer 1

Pulmonary artery catheter inserted into the right atrium –> right ventricle–> pulmonary artery. When the balloon is inflated, you can get a measurement of the pulmonary wedge catheter. It is used when acute coronary syndrome is suspected

Question 2

Lhermitte’s sign? Hint** Neuro question

Answer 2

bending the neck causes electrical shock sensation to run into the back and into the legs. Classic sign of MS, can present in transverse myelitis.

Question 3

What are the 5 mimics of all time? - can show up in many conditions and cause confusion haha

Answer 3

Lupus, sarcoidosis, HIV, TB and syphillis

Question 4

What are the famous five for radiology?

Answer 4

1. air
2. fat
3. soft tissue + fluids
4. bone
5. metal

Question 5

what is a pleural tap? What is its other name? Describe the procedure in general terms

Answer 5

Pleural tap, also known as thoracentesis, is when a syringe is inserted into the pleural space to take out some of the fluid for diagnostic testing. Sometimes it is done for symptomatic relief of large pleural effusions or empyemas. Pleural fluid is aspirated via a catheter or needle. Local anaesthetic is used. Needle or catheter is guided by ultrasonography.

Question 6

What are some signs of iron deficiency? When might we be concerned about this?

Answer 6

conjunctival pallor (anemia), angular chelitis, kolionychia (spoon shaped nails)
Menstruating women (menorrhagia, veganism, anemic signs) + blood loss etc

Question 7

Which blood vessels are used for a CABG as possible grafts?

Answer 7

Saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, radial artery

Question 8

How do you calculate Aa gradient?

Answer 8

Aa= [150 - (1.25 x CO2)] - O2