Random Flashcards
Drugs used for parkinsons
Carbidopa/levodopa
Dopamine agonists: ropinerole, pramipexole
COMT inhibtors: entacapone
Rescue: amorphine
Anticholinergics: benztropine (for tremors)
MAOBs: selegaline (for tremors)
Amantadine (for dyskinesia)
Drugd used for Alzheimer’s
Donepazil, rivastigmine, galantamine (acetylcholinesterase inhibitors), memantine
Epilepsy terminology
Tonic: rigid or tense (stiff) muscles
Clonic: jerking movements
Myoclonus: muscle twitching
Atonic: limp or weak muscles
Acute seizure treatment
Stabilize (0-5 min)
IV lorazepam or IM midazolam (5-20 min)
IV fosphenytoin, valproic acid, levitiracetam (20-40 min)
Braod antiepileptics
Lamotrigine
Levitiracetam
Valproic acid
Topiramate
What to supplement with AEDs
Vitamin D + calcium
What AEDs not to use in pregnancy
Valproic acid and carbamazepine
Which AEDs increase GABA
Phenobarb, levitiracitam, valproic acid, benzos
AED MOA besides GABA
Na and Ca channel blockers
Which AEDs are enzyme inducers
Carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, phenobarb, primidone
Specific AED drug interaction
Valproic acid increases lamotrigine levels (use lower dose of lamotragine)
Which AEDs cause hyponatremia
Carbamzepine, oxcarbazepine
Which AED causes myelosuppression
Carbamazepine
Max doses of AEDs
Levitiracetam: 3000 mg
Carbamazepine: 1600 mg
Oxarbazepine: 2400 mg
Phenytoin: 50 mg/minute
Topiramate: 400 mg
Lacosamide: 400 mg
Valproic acid: 60 mg/kg
AED therapeutic ranges
Phenytoin: 1-2.5 (free) 10-20 (total)
SSRI Max doses
Citalopram: 40 mg (20 mg in elderly)
Escitalopram: 20 mg (10 mg in elderly)
Fluoxetine: 80 mg
Preferred SSRI in cardiac risk
Sertraline
Preferred SSRI with tamoxifen
Venlafaxine
Major issues with tricyclics
QT prolongation and anticholinergic
Lithium
Na levels inversely affect lithium levels
Toxicity includes ataxia, tremor, arrhythmias, coma, vomiting, CNS depression
Take with food
Therapeutic range: 0.6-1.2
5 mg syrup = 8 mEq lithium ion = 300 mg tabs
HCV Treatment
Mavyret or Epclusa
Epclusa drug interaction
contains sofosbuvir — interacts with amiodarone
contains velpastavir — interacts with H2RAs and PPIs
HBV Treatment
Tenofovir, entecavir or interferon alfa (lamivudine is alternative)
PH Treatment
Oral CCB
Epoprostenol, selexipag, ambresentan, sildenafil, riociguat
Smoking drug interaction
induces CYP enzymes
ICR and Correction factor calculations
ICR: 450 (regular) or 500 (rapid)
Correction factor: 1500 (regular) or 1800 (rapid)
Starting insulin dose T1DM and T2DM
0.5 units/kg/day
0.1-0.2 units/kg/day
Levothyroxine IV:PO
0.75:1
A1c = BG
6% = 126, each 1% increase is 28