Antibiotics

Question 1

MRSA Coverage

Answer 1

Vancomycin
Linezolid
Doxycycline
Bactrim
Daptomycin
Clindamycin
Ceftaroline

Question 2

Pseudomonas Coverage

Answer 2

Zosyn
Cefepime
Levofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Meropenem
Imipenem
Aztreonam
Ceftazidime

Question 3

ESBL Coverage

Answer 3

Carbapenems

Question 4

VRE Coverage

Answer 4

Ampicillin or penicllin (E. faecalis only)
Daptomycin
Linezolid
Nitrofurantoin or fosfomycin (urine only)

Question 5

Do not require renal dose adjustment

Answer 5

Ceftriaxone
Metronidazole
Doxycycline
Azithromycin
Linezolid
Clindamycin
Amphotericin
Moxifloxacin
Voriconazole
Nafcillin

Question 6

Lipophilic

Answer 6

Quinolones
Macrolides
Rifampin
Linezolid
Tetracyclines

Question 7

Which antibiotic cannot be given IV due to risk of cardiotoxicity and death?

Answer 7

Penicillin G Benzathine

Question 8

Which antibitoic must be given through a central line because it is a vesicant?

Answer 8

Nafcillin

Question 9

What is the preferred ratio of ampicillin:clauvulanate?

Answer 9

14:1

Question 10

Which drug increases the levels of beta-lactams?

Answer 10

Probenacid

Question 11

First-generation cephalosporins

Answer 11

Cefazolin, cephalexin

Question 12

Second-generation cephalosporins

Answer 12

Cefuroxime, cefotetan, Cefoxitin

Question 13

Third-generation cephalosporins

Answer 13

Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefdinir, ceftazadime

Question 14

Fourth-generation cephalosporins

Answer 14

Cefepime

Question 15

Which antibiotics can cause a disulfiram-like reaction when taken with alcohol?

Answer 15

Cefotetan
Metronidazole

Question 16

What side effect can occur when beta-lactams accumulate?

Answer 16

Seizures

Question 17

When will ceftriaxone penetrate the CNS?

Answer 17

When the meninges are inflamed

Question 18

What can never be given in the same line as ceftriaxone?

Answer 18

Calcium

Question 19

Which bugs do carbapenems not cover?

Answer 19

VRE, atypicals, MRSA

Question 20

Traditional aminoglycoside (gentamicin/tobramycin) dosing - when to use, dose, goal peaks and troughs, and when to draw levels?

Answer 20

Used for gram positive infections
Dose: 1-2.5 mg/kg/dose Q8H
Draw trough 30 minutes before 4th dose
Draw peak 30 minutes after end of 4th infusion
Peak: 5-10, trough: < 2 (gent for synergy - peak: 3-4, trough: < 1)

Question 21

Extended interval aminoglycoside (gentamicin/tobramcyin) dosing - when to use, dose, when to draw a level?

Answer 21

Used for gram negative infections (NOT pregnancym, burns, ascites)
Dose: 4-7 mg/kg/dose Q24H
Draw random level after first dose - use nomogram for interval

Question 22

Vancomycin dosing and levels

Answer 22

15-20 mg/kg Q8-12H (TBW)
Draw AUC or trough 30 mins after 4th or 5th dose
Goal AUC: 400-600
Goal Trough: 15-20 (bad infections), 10-15 (less bad infections)

Question 23

Side effects of linezolid

Answer 23

Myelosuppression, serotonin syndrome, hypoglycemia

Question 24

Nitrofurantoin CrCl cut off

Answer 24

60

Question 25

Which antibiotics should be seperated from vitamins?

Answer 25

Quinolones, tetracyclines

Question 26

Which antibiotics are ototoxic?

Answer 26

Vancomycin, gentamicin

Question 27

Cubicin

Answer 27

Daptomycin

Question 28

Teflaro

Answer 28

Ceftaroline

Question 29

Invanz

Answer 29

Ertapenem

Question 30

Avelox

Answer 30

Moxifloxacin

Question 31

Zyvox

Answer 31

Linezolid

Question 32

With which antibitoics should statins be avoided?

Answer 32

Azithromycin (CYP inhibition), daptomycin (rhabdomyolysis)

Question 33

Which antibiotics cause photoxensitivity?

Answer 33

Quinolones, tetracyclines, Bactrim