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1
Q

force is directly proportional to the ___ and ___ og an object

A

mass and acceleration

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2
Q

what is the number for gravity

A

9.8 m/sec^2

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3
Q

a force is named by the …

A

source of force on the object/segment

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4
Q

combining two or more forces into a single resultant force is called

A

composition of forces

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5
Q

when is the magnitude of friction force always greatest

A

just before the object moves

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6
Q

if EA is > RA then mechanical advantage is

A

> 1

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7
Q

if you have a mechanical advantage >1 then it requires

A

less effort to move the lever

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8
Q

what is the MAd for 1st and 3rd class levers

A

<1 so larger ER is required

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9
Q

what is the MAd in 2nd class lever

A

> 1 so smaller EF is required

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10
Q

the action line for the angle of application is usually

A

parallel

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11
Q

what does the Fy force resolution cause and what type of component is it

A

rotary , perpendicular component

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12
Q

what does the Fx force resolution cause and what type of component is it

A

translation , parallel component

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13
Q

what part of the synovial joint houses sensory never fibers to provide position sense and need for active muscular support

A

joint capsule

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14
Q

what happens to synovial fluid at an injured joint

A

volume increases

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15
Q

what are3 connective tissue sacs and found between structures that are moving in tight approximation

A

bursae a

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16
Q

where can bursae’s be found

A

bone and tendon
bone and skin
bone and muscles
bone and ligament

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17
Q

maximal open packed positions is at

A

rest position

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18
Q

what are cells primary function in connective tissue

A

synthesize the extracellular matrix

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19
Q

which extracellular component is type 1 and makes up 90% of the collagen in the body

A

fibrillar

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20
Q

collagen fibers in tendons are

A

straighter

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21
Q

what display the same mechanical behavior no matter the direction of force applied

A

isotropic matierla

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22
Q

what behaves different depending on the size and direction of the applied force

A

anisotropic material

23
Q

if you have increased stiffness then you have _____ mobility

A

decreased

24
Q

what is the measurement of structures ability to withstand changes in length

A

young’s modulus

25
Q

if there is high viscosity then there is a ____ ____ to deformation

A

high resistance

26
Q

as tissue is stretched to a fixed length , less force is required to maintain that length overtime,… this is called

A

stress-relaxation

27
Q

what link actin together

A

z disc

28
Q

the amount of force is directly proportional to the number of _____ side by side

A

sarcomeres

29
Q

which fascia is attached to muscles/bones and can form tracts , bands or teinaculate

A

deep

30
Q

what is passive tension

A

developed in parallel elastic components of muscle

31
Q

what is active tension developed by

A

contractile eleemtsn of the muscles

32
Q

what is constant angular velocity ; changing torque thru ROM

A

isokinetic

33
Q

what foes the production of torque vary with

A

MA, length and velocity

34
Q

what are sensory receptors

A

golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles

35
Q

in long position there is an ___ number of sarcomers and ____ sarcomere length

A

increase
decrease

36
Q

in short position there is a ___ number of sarcomeres and ____ sarcomere length

A

decreased
increased

37
Q

what is eccentric exercise induced

A

delayed onset of muscle soreness

38
Q

itises is typically a result of

A

overuse

39
Q

what is resisted in torsion

A

annulus fibers/facet joints

40
Q

shear is resisted by facets in what region

A

lumbar

41
Q

what resist axial compression the most

A

disc and vertebral bodies

42
Q

what exhibits creep in axial compression

A

nucleus pulposus

43
Q

if you side bend to the R what happens to alar ligaments

A

contralateral occipital fibers to become tight and ipsilateral C1 fibers to become taught

44
Q

what happens to the alar ligaments during rotation to the R

A

causes C2 spinous process to move L

45
Q

where is there relative decrease in flexion/extension

A

C6-C7

46
Q

where is there more rotation at in the thoracic region

A

upper

47
Q

what is flexion limited by in the thoracic region

A

facet orientation
rib cafe
PLL
lig flavum
interspinous ligament
ZAJ

48
Q

extension in the thoracic region is limited by

A

structures
tension

49
Q

which vertebra in the lumbar region is a transitional vertebra

A

L5

50
Q

what is teh C shaped articulating surface in the sacrum

A

ilia

51
Q

when does the xiphisternal joint ossifie

A

40-45 years

52
Q

when does the manubrosternal joint ossified (rib 2)

A

60

53
Q

which rib has a larger thicker articulation with stiffer costal cartilage

A

1st rib

MOVEMENT SCIENCE (13 decks)

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