Raised Beaches

Question 1

Wave cut platform

Answer 1

Erosion between HT and LT undercuts cliff - wave cut notch

Mass movement of undercut rock (falls) - wave cut platform

Question 2

Isostatic equilibrium

Answer 2

Lithosphere (rock) is buoyant on asthenosphere (upper mantle)

Question 3

Isostatic change

Answer 3

Heavy ice (glaciers - ice age) pushes land downwards

Question 4

Isostatic rebound

Answer 4

Melting ice means land bounces back upwards

Doesn’t go all the way back to original position

Question 5

Isostatic readjustment

Answer 5

Lithosphere slowly settles to original position

Question 6

Emergent coast

Answer 6

Has raised beaches and fossil cliffs
Used to be underwater - marine processes
Now above water - terrestrial processes

Question 7

Raised beach

Answer 7

Series of stages of uplift - above high tide

Smaller particles removed during rise - rounded pebbles

Question 8

Fossil cliffs

Answer 8

Inland near vertical cliffs with wave cut platforms

Sometimes has old sea caves

Question 9

Tongue Point, New Zealand

Answer 9

Convergent plate boundary
Steep cliffs with complex seabed
Kaikoura (Mw 7.8 EQ in 2016) - 4 different faults broke at once resulting in seabed being 2m higher