Radiopharmaceuticals Flashcards
Maximum breakthrough activity of Mo-99 is
.15 uCi Mo-99 / mCi Tc-99m
Maximum permissible level of aluminum in elucted Tc-99m
10 ug / ml
Detection of alumina breakthrough can be determined using
chemical test kits
Breakthrough of Mo-99 (740-780 keV γ) can be determined using
lead lined “moly shield”
Radiopharmaceutical localization mechanisms (6)
- Active transport such as thyroid uptake scanning with iodine.
- Compartmental localization such as blood pool scanning with human serum albumin, plasma, or red blood cells.
- Simple exchange or diffusion such as bone scanning with pyrophosphates.
- Phagocytosis such as liver, spleen, and bone marrow scanning with radiocolloids.
- Capillary blockade such as lung scanning with macroaggregate (8 to 75 mm) or organ perfusion studies with intraarterial injection of macroaggregates.
- Cell sequestration such as spleen scanning with damaged red blood cells.
Tc-99m pertechnetate may be taken up in
thyroid, salivary glands, and stomach as a result of its similarity to iodide and chloride ions
123I or 123I-labeled hippuran is used to evaluate
kidney function
A radioactive gas used in lung ventilation imaging
Xe-133
99mTc-MAG3 is replacing ______ for kidney function studies
hippuran
Approximately 80% of NM use this isotope
Tc-99m
Tc-HMPAO
Brain perfusion
Tc-HMPAO labeled white blood cells
infection
Tc-MAA
lung perfusion, intraarterial liver
Tc-MAG3
Renal
Tc-Sestamibi
Myocardial perfusion
parathyroid
breast
Tc-Sulfur colloid
Liver / spleen
red bone marrow
esophageal transit
gastric emptying
Krypton-81m gas
pulmonary ventilation
Gallium 67 citrate
infection
tumor
F-18 NaF
Bone Scan
F-18 FDG
Brain metabolism
tumor
infection
cariac viability
N-13 Ammonia
Cardiac pefusion
C-11 Acetate
Prostate
In-111 DTPA
CSF flow
gastirc liquid emptying
In-111 labeled white blood cells
infection
In-111 pentetreotide
somatostatin receptor tumors
I-123 NaI
Thyroid
I-123 MIBI
adrenal and neural crest tumors
I-131 NaI
thyroid cancer
Xe-127 or 133 Gas
lung ventilation
Tl-201 Chloride
Myocardial perfusion
Example of cappilary blockade
Macroaggregated albumin in lung
Example of diffusion
Filtration of Tc DTPA by kidney
Example of metabolism
FDG
Example of active transport
Thallous ions in myocardium
Iodine in thyroid, salivary gland, stomach
iodocholesterol in adrenal scanning
Example of compartmental containment
labeled red blood cells for gated blood pool studies
Example of compartmental leakage
labeled red blood cells for detection of GI bleeding
Example of physiochemical adsorption
phosphate bone-scanning agents
Example of antibody-antigen reactions
tumor imaging w/ monoclonal antibodies