Radiopharmaceutical TOPIC 1-3

Question 1

Radiopharmaceutical: any medicinal product that, when ready for use, includes one or more radionuclides incorporated for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes (T/F)

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Radionuclide can be use or for diagnostic or for the therapy purpose and some of them for both diagnostic and therapy (T/F)

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The most common type of radionuclide preparation is in radionuclide generator (T/F)

Answer 3

True

Question 4

1. Classification of radiopharmaceuticals based on the method of preparation

a) Ready-for-use radiopharmaceuticals
b) Radionuclide generator
c) Radionuclide precursor
d) All of the above

Answer 4

D

Question 5

2. Radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic purpose can be those for:

a) SPECT
b) PET
c) Theraphy
d) Under a) and b)

Answer 5

A & B

Question 6

3. In most cases, radiopharmaceuticals must be prepared :

a) in a Radiopharmacy Lab immediately before clinical use
b) in the production site
c) in a radipharmacy lab in a hot cell with a shielding
d) Under b) and c)

Answer 6

C

Question 7

4. Radionuclide producted in generators can be for:
   a) SPECT (gamma emitters)
   b) PET (positron emitters)
   c) Alpha emitters
   d) All above

Answer 7

D

Question 8

5. Kit defines as
   a) any preparation to be reconstituted or combined with radionuclides in the final radiopharmaceutical, usually before administration;
   b) any preparation already reconstituted or combined with radionuclides in the final radiopharmaceutical
   c) Under a) and b)
   d) None of the above

Answer 8

A

Question 9

6. Quality Assurance System is control system for
   a) Radiopharmaceuticals prepared for use
   b) Radionuclide
   c) For kit
   d) Under b) and c)

Answer 9

A

Question 10

7. Quality control for extemporenius radiopharmaceutical includes:
   a) Visual inspection
   b) Radiochemical purity test: (HPLC; TLC)
   c) Chemical purity test (HPLC) and pH
   d) All of the above

Answer 10

D

Question 11

8. Radiopharmaceuticals are drugs that contain a radionuclide and are used for:
   a) imaging
   b) therapy
   c) research
   d) All of the above

Answer 11

D

Question 12

9. Radiopharmaceutical for imaging are:
   a) Gamma emitters
   b) β – emitters
   c) β + emitters
   d) Under the a) and c)

Answer 12

D

Question 13

10. Radiopharmaceutical for therapy are:
    a) β – emitters
    b) β + emitters
    c) alpha emitters
    d) Under the a) and c)

Answer 13

D

Question 14

11. The ideal radiopharmaceutical
    e) Has an important pharmacological effect
    f) Has no pharmacological effect
    g) Has methabolic degradation
    h) Under the a) and c)

Answer 14

F

Question 15

12. Kinetics of Radiopharmaceutical depends on:
    a) Nature of the compound and route of administration
    b) Distribution and metabolism (if any)
    c) Excretion
    d) All the above

Answer 15

D

Question 16

13. The classical ways to analyse radiopharmaceutical kinetics are:
    a) Monocompartmal model
    b) Polycompartmal model
    c) Two compartman model
    d) Under the a) and b

Answer 16

D

Question 17

14. Nuclear Medicine Procedures are indicated when the diagnostic process needs:
    a) Functional data about organ
    b) Functional data about system
    c) Functional data about metabolism and receptor status
    d) All the above a) b) c)

Answer 17

D

Question 18

15. The most relevant clinical field of diagnostic applications
    a) Oncology
    b) Cardiology
    c) Neurology
    d) All the above

Answer 18

D

Question 19

16. Most relevant clinical fields of therapeutical application
    a) Thyroid cancer, Thyroid hyperfunction
    b) Neuroendocrine tumors
    c) Prostate Cancer
    d) All the above

Answer 19

D

Question 20

17. The use of ionizing radiation in nuclear medicine procedures is justified
    a) As a first diagnostic procedure
    b) No use of ionizing radiation is justified if there is no benefit
    c) This implies to even the smallest exposures that are potentially harmful and the risk must be offset by a benefit
    d) Under the b) and c)

Answer 20

D

Question 21

18. The criteria for selection of appropriate radiopharmaceutical depends on are they for:
    a) Reaserch purpose
    b) Diagnostic purpose
    c) Therapeutical purpose
    d) Under the b) and c)

Answer 21

D

Question 22

19. Ideal characteristics for a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical:
    a)high first pass extraction and high target to background ratio
    b) All the above
    c) optimal residency time for imaging and easy availability
    d) rapid background washout and short biological half-life

Answer 22

B

Question 23

20. For diagnostic studies the radionuclide must emit a gamma radiation with an energy preferably :
    a) between 30 and 300 KeV
    b) between 30 and 100 KeV
    c) between 100 and 300 KeV
    d) Under the b) c)

Answer 23

A

Question 24

21. The main radionuclides used in diagnostic nuclear medicine are:
    a) 99mTc-technetium
    b) 18F
    c) 123/131 I
    d) All the above

Answer 24

D

Question 25

22. Radiopharmaceutical can present lesion as:
    a) Cold lesion
    b) Hot lesion
    c) All of the above
    d) Cold and hot for different type of studies

Answer 25

C

Question 26

23. Ideal characteristics for a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical
    a) All of the above
    b) cell internalization and residency time close to physical half life
    c) appropriate energy and tissue range
    d) high target to background ratio and rapid background washout

Answer 26

A

Question 27

24. Therapeutical radionuclides have:
    a) Particle emitters (α or β-)
    b) High linear energy transfer (LET)
    c) All of the above
    d) High energy (> 1 MeV)

Answer 27

C

Question 28

25. The main therapeutical radionuclides are:
    a) Iodine-131
    b) All of above
    c) Yttrium-90
    d) Lutetium-177

Answer 28

B