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Radiology > Radiolucent lesions 1 Part 2 > Flashcards

Radiolucent lesions 1 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Nasopalatine cyst is considered what type

A

well-defined unilocular radiolucency

other locations

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2
Q

Nasopalatine cyst synonym

A

nasopalatine canal cyst, median palatine cyst, median anterior maxillary cyst

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3
Q

disease mechanism of Nasopalatine cyst

A

contains remnants of nasopalantine duct and nasopalantine nerves and vessels

*nasopalatine duct epithelial remnants undergo proliferation and cystic degeneration

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4
Q

clinical features of Nasopalatine cyst

A

broad age range, most discovered in 4th to 6th decades

3x more common in males

swelling posterior to incisive papilla

most are asymptomatic but can cause burning or numbness over palatal mucosa and can drain with a salty taste

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5
Q

location of Nasopalatine cyst

A

in the nasopalatine canal and can extend posteriorly into the hard palate or anteriorly between the incisors and expand and destroy the buccal cortex

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6
Q

shape and periphery of Nasopalatine cyst

A

well-defined, circular to oval, heart shaped if the nasal spine superimposes

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7
Q

internal structure of Nasopalatine cyst

A

typical of cysts

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8
Q

effects on adacent structures with Nasopalatine cyst

A

divergence of the roots of central incisors, occasional root resorption, expansion of labial cortex, displacement of the floor of nasal fossa superiorly

  • uniform periodontal membrane space around all the apices
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9
Q

residual cyst disease mechanism

A

a cyst that remains after incomplete removal of the orginal cyst

most commonly extraction of the tooth

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10
Q

clinical features of a residual cyst

A

asymptomatic history of tooth extraction

commonly discoered incidentally on radiographic examination of endentulous area

may cause jaw expansion and pain in case of secondary infection

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11
Q

location of residual cyst

A

apical region of missing tooth

in mandible ALWAYS ABOVE THE IAC
slightly more often seen in the mandible

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12
Q

location of residual cyst

A

apical region of missing tooth

in mandible ALWAYS ABOVE THE IAC
slightly more often seen in the mandible

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13
Q

differential diagnosis with residual cyst

A

patients history and previous radiographs will help determine that something is a residual cyst

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14
Q

simple bone cyst synonyms

A

traumatic bone cyst, hemorrhagic cyst, extravasation cyst, progressive bone cavity, solitary bone cyst and unicaeral bone cyst

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15
Q

simple bone cyst disease mechanism

A

a cavity within bone that is empty or may contain some fluid and lined with connective tissue

possibly due to local aberration in normal bone remodeling or metabolism

no evidence of trauma

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16
Q

clinical features of simple bone cyst

A

most occur in less than 20 Yrs old

males 2x more than females

multiple traumatic bone cyst (simple bone cyst) can occur in conjunction with cemento-ossous dysplasia

asymptomatic
unusual to have bone expansion and tooth resorption

can become large

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17
Q

location of simple bone cyst

A

mandible&raquo_space;> maxilla

anywhere in mandible but most often in the ramus and posterior mandible

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18
Q

shape and periphery of simple bone cyst

A

well defined DELICATE CORTEX TO ILL-DEFINED,

LACKING A CORTEX

THE SUPERIOR BORDER IS USUALLY CORTICATED

  • SCALLOPS BETWEEN THE ROOTS OF TEETH
  • grow along long axis of the bone
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19
Q

internal structure of simple bone cyst

A

radiolucent

- occasionally multilocular

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20
Q

effects on adjacent structures with simple bone cyst

A

INTACT LAMINA DURA AND MINIMAL EXPANSION

no effect - rare to cause root resorption

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21
Q

Differential diagnosis with simple bone cyst

A

note the maintenance of the lamina dura and it still being in tact

(a malignant one would not - and malignant would also invade cortical bone)

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22
Q

management of simple bone cyst

A

curettage of the lining
- initiates bleeding and healing and they can also heal on their own

rare to reoccur

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23
Q

describe salivary gland depression

relationship to IAC?

A

also called stafne defect

it is well-defined and corticated

typically arises in the posterior mandible inferior to the IAC

can occur in anterior (sublingual gland) in tooth region

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24
Q

benign neural tumor is called

A

neurilemoma aka schwannoma

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25
Q

neurilemoma aka

A

schwanoma

26
Q

neurilemoma origin and arise from

A

tumor of neuroectodermal in origin and arises from schwann cells

27
Q

neurilemoma age?

A

any but more common in 2nd and 3rd decades

28
Q

neurilemoma occurs where and brief description

A

10:1 in MANDIBLE
- WD and corticated
EXPAND THE WALLS OF IAC
-FUSIFORM
-FOOTBALL SHAPE
-may scallop, enlarge the foramina

29
Q

neuroma

A

benign neural tumor

- impossible to differentiate from other benign neural tumors

30
Q

neuroma is from?

A

overgrowth of severed nerve fibers attempting to regenerate

- usually less than 1 cm and can CAUSE SEVERE PAIN

31
Q

location of occurrence of neuroma?

A

MENTAL FORAMEN > anterior maxilla > posterior mandible

you see expansion of the IAC (inferior alveolar canal)

32
Q

difference between neurofibroma and schwannomas

A

a neurofibroma will incorporate axons but schwannomas will displace them

33
Q

neur ofibroma caused by?

A

proliferation of schwann cells in a disorderly pattern

- as they grow they incorporate axons

34
Q

neurofibroma age?

A

usually younger but can occur at any age

35
Q

neurofibroma associated with pain?

A

yes - it may produce pain or paresthesia

36
Q

neurofibromatosis aka

A

von Recklinghausen’s disease

37
Q

neurofibroma is consiered a ___ consiting of ___?

A

a syndrome consisting of cafe au lait spots on the skin

multipler peripheral nerve tumors, and various other dysplastic abnormalities of the skin, nervous system, bones, endocrine organs, and blood vessels

NF1- generalized, Nf2 - central
*oral lesions occur with NF1

38
Q

neurofibromatosis can also have?

A

schwannomas and neurofibromas

39
Q

location of neurofibromatosis

A

mandible

  • ENLARGEMENT OF THE CORONOID NOTCH
  • an obtuse angle between the body and the ramus
  • deformity of the condylar head
  • lengthening of the condylar neck, and lateral bowing and thinning of the ramus
40
Q

major findings assocaited with neurofibromatosis

A

ENLARGEMENT OF THE CORONOID NOTCH

ENLARGEMENT OF THE MANDIBULAR CANAL AND MENTAL AND MANDIBULAR FORAMIN

INTERFERENCE WITH NORMAL ERUPTION OF THE MOLARS

  • increased incidence of branched mandibular canal
  • erosive changes to the outer contour of the mandible
  • abnormal accumulations of fatty tissue within deformitites of the mandible have been observed
41
Q

septa with ameloblastoma?

A

note the COARSE, CURVED SEPTA

42
Q

central giant cell granuloma considered?

A

consider it a benign tumor but can behave more aggressively, esp, in maxillary

43
Q

central giant cell granuloma occur in who?

A

young

60% are less than 20 years old

44
Q

central giant cell granuloma where and describe

A

more in mandible
WD, slight to NO CORTICATION

radiolucent to granular with WISPY SEPTA

DISPLACE AND RESORB TEETH
LOSS OF LD AND EXPANSIVE

45
Q

Aneurysmal bone cyst

A

Considered a benign tumor

  • can behave agggressively
  • proliferation of vascular spaces, fibroblasts, woven bone

rapid swelling and may cause pain

46
Q

Aneurysmal bone cyst occurs in who and where

A

90% are less than 30 years old
female >male

Mand> Max and POSTERIOR REGIONS more

47
Q

Aneurysmal bone cyst to surrounding? and describe on radiograph

A

WD, cirvular and Radiolucent to wispy septa

EXPANISLE – and can displace and resorb teeth

48
Q

Aneurysmal bone cyst aspiration

A

yes - it is hemorrhagic

49
Q

Odontogenic Myxoma

describe

A

not encapsulated

tend to infiltrate the surrounding cancellous bone, loose, gelatinous consistency with high reccurence rate

50
Q

Odontogenic Myxoma occur when

A

almost always between 10-50 with over 50% between 10 and 30

51
Q

Odontogenic Myxoma septa? peripheray?

A

most are curved but should have some thin straight septa as well – LOOK FOR STRAIGHT SEPTA

WD, cortical but CAN BE ID, especially in the maxilla - scallops

52
Q

which also has straight septa with Odontogenic Myxoma?

A

Odontogenic Fibroma

53
Q

disease mechanism of inflammation

A

it is the response to chemical , physical, or microbiological injury

the inflammatory response destroys or walls off the injurious stimuli

54
Q

acute inflammation

A

Acute

  • rapid onset
  • pronounced pain
  • fever
  • swelling
  • BONE RESORPTION
55
Q

chronic inflammatino

A

Chronic

  • Insidious onset
  • less intense pain
  • intermittent- lower grade fever
  • gradual swelling
  • BONE FORMATION

*There can be cycling between these two mechanisms and some chronic low grade infections may not show any signs of symptoms

56
Q

sources of inflammation

A

Necrotic tooth
soft tissue

bone

57
Q

Nectoric tooth inflammation

A

Peri-apical inflammatory lesion

58
Q

soft tissue inflammation results

A

periodontitis and pericoronitis

59
Q

if inflammation spreads through bone?

A

osteomyeletis

- spreads to bone and not contained within the region of the apex

60
Q

how does inflammation look on a radiograph

A

usually ill-defined

BLENDING
- surrounding bone gradually blends with radiolucent region of bone loss or sclerosis

Radiology (26 decks)

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