Radiology Supplement Flashcards
Radiology
the production of images of the body for the diagnosis and treatment of disease
Medical Imaging or Diagnostic Imaging
x-rays, ultrasound, radioisotopes, and magnetic resonance
nuclear medicine
part of diagnostic imaging that uses radioactive materials or radioisotopes to create images
radiation therapy
a treatment process rather than an imaging process.
interventional radiology
part of radiology and involves procedures where imaging is used to help treat the patient, rather than just produce an image.
i.e. when ultrasound is used to place a biopsy needle in a suspected tumor or CT is used to guide a catheter to a blood clot so that a chemical that dissolves the clot can be injected into the correct location.
dosimetry
the measuring of radiation exposure
film badge
healthcare workers who regularly work around radiation wear a film badge, radiation monitor.
the radiation monitor device is not an actual film badge anymore. different technology is used now but the purpose is still to monitor radiation exposure and the old term is still used.
rem
one unit of radiation exposure
radiograph
an x-ray image
-gram
record or procedure used to create the record or image
-graph
instrument that makes a record
though the term radiograph refers to the image itself
-grapher
one who does the imaging or creates the record
-graphy
process of producing the record
PA chest
the patient’s chest toward the imaging plate
lateral
an x-ray taken from the side
oblique
patient is turned partway onto one side or the other
radiopaque
x-rays dont penetrate, shows up white on the image (bone)
radiolucent
x-rays do penetrate, shows up as black on the image (air)
plain film
an x-ray without added contrast media
contrast medium
dye used to enhance the organ being imaged by making the organ radiopaque
barium
iodinated contrast media
angiography
images the blood vessels (arteries and veins) and uses iodinated contrast resulting in an angiogram
arteriography
images of the arteries using iodinated contrast resulting in an arteriogram
arthrography
images of the joints using iodinated contrast resulting in an arthrogram
urography
images of the urinary tract using iodinated contrast producing a urogram
upper GI (UGI)
images of the esophagus, stomach, using barium resulting in an upper GI image
barium enema (BE)
images of the large intestine using barium resulting in barium enema images
fluoroscopy
a type of radiography that employs an ongoing stream of x-rays so that a continuous image is produced.
allows movement within the body to be watched and recorded
mammography
the use of x-rays to produce highly detailed images of the breast
bone densitometry
an exam that uses extremely low energy radiation to measure bone mineral density (BMD) Used to diagnose and monitor osteoporosis
BMD
bone mineral density
CAT
computerized axial tomography
CT
computerized tomography
computerized axial tomography
computerized tomography
the use of x-rays and a computer to create cross-sectional images of anatomy.
most commonly the cross-sectional images at taken of the transverse plane
contrast media (barium and iodinated contrast) may be used to enhance the visualization of structures
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
magnetic resonance imaging
use of a powerful magnetic field, radio frequencies, and a computer to produce 3D images of anatomy
diagnostic medical sonography
ultrasonography
consists of using inaudible, high frequency sound waves that act to produce an image of a tissue. the sound waves travel into the body and then bounce back like an echo
echocardiography
a form of sonography which specifically images the contraction and relaxation phases of the heart. used to evaluate how well the heart valves are working
nuclear medicine
involves the introduction of radioactive substances, radiopharmaceuticals, into the body in order to produce a scan or picture
results in a scintigram or scan
radiopharmaceuticals
radioactive substances
PET
positron emission tomography
PET scan
positron emission tomography scan
a form of nuclear medicine imaging where the radioactive material is tagged to glucose. the glucose will go to any area of the body that is rapidly growing and the area will show up on a PET scan
radiologic technologist
radiographer
one who is trained to perform diagnostic imaging exams
may gain credentialing in performing CT, mammography, MRI, or other exams
radiologist
an MD physician who specializes in diagnosing based on what is seen on diagnostic images
