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Medical Terminology > Radiology Supplement > Flashcards

Radiology Supplement Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Radiology

A

the production of images of the body for the diagnosis and treatment of disease
Medical Imaging or Diagnostic Imaging
x-rays, ultrasound, radioisotopes, and magnetic resonance

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2
Q

nuclear medicine

A

part of diagnostic imaging that uses radioactive materials or radioisotopes to create images

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3
Q

radiation therapy

A

a treatment process rather than an imaging process.

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4
Q

interventional radiology

A

part of radiology and involves procedures where imaging is used to help treat the patient, rather than just produce an image.

i.e. when ultrasound is used to place a biopsy needle in a suspected tumor or CT is used to guide a catheter to a blood clot so that a chemical that dissolves the clot can be injected into the correct location.

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5
Q

dosimetry

A

the measuring of radiation exposure

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6
Q

film badge

A

healthcare workers who regularly work around radiation wear a film badge, radiation monitor.

the radiation monitor device is not an actual film badge anymore. different technology is used now but the purpose is still to monitor radiation exposure and the old term is still used.

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7
Q

rem

A

one unit of radiation exposure

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8
Q

radiograph

A

an x-ray image

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9
Q

-gram

A

record or procedure used to create the record or image

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10
Q

-graph

A

instrument that makes a record

though the term radiograph refers to the image itself

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11
Q

-grapher

A

one who does the imaging or creates the record

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12
Q

-graphy

A

process of producing the record

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13
Q

PA chest

A

the patient’s chest toward the imaging plate

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14
Q

lateral

A

an x-ray taken from the side

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15
Q

oblique

A

patient is turned partway onto one side or the other

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16
Q

radiopaque

A

x-rays dont penetrate, shows up white on the image (bone)

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17
Q

radiolucent

A

x-rays do penetrate, shows up as black on the image (air)

18
Q

plain film

A

an x-ray without added contrast media

19
Q

contrast medium

A

dye used to enhance the organ being imaged by making the organ radiopaque

barium
iodinated contrast media

20
Q

angiography

A

images the blood vessels (arteries and veins) and uses iodinated contrast resulting in an angiogram

21
Q

arteriography

A

images of the arteries using iodinated contrast resulting in an arteriogram

22
Q

arthrography

A

images of the joints using iodinated contrast resulting in an arthrogram

23
Q

urography

A

images of the urinary tract using iodinated contrast producing a urogram

24
Q

upper GI (UGI)

A

images of the esophagus, stomach, using barium resulting in an upper GI image

25
Q

barium enema (BE)

A

images of the large intestine using barium resulting in barium enema images

26
Q

fluoroscopy

A

a type of radiography that employs an ongoing stream of x-rays so that a continuous image is produced.
allows movement within the body to be watched and recorded

27
Q

mammography

A

the use of x-rays to produce highly detailed images of the breast

28
Q

bone densitometry

A

an exam that uses extremely low energy radiation to measure bone mineral density (BMD) Used to diagnose and monitor osteoporosis

29
Q

BMD

A

bone mineral density

30
Q

CAT

A

computerized axial tomography

31
Q

CT

A

computerized tomography

32
Q

computerized axial tomography

computerized tomography

A

the use of x-rays and a computer to create cross-sectional images of anatomy.
most commonly the cross-sectional images at taken of the transverse plane
contrast media (barium and iodinated contrast) may be used to enhance the visualization of structures

33
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

34
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

use of a powerful magnetic field, radio frequencies, and a computer to produce 3D images of anatomy

35
Q

diagnostic medical sonography

ultrasonography

A

consists of using inaudible, high frequency sound waves that act to produce an image of a tissue. the sound waves travel into the body and then bounce back like an echo

36
Q

echocardiography

A

a form of sonography which specifically images the contraction and relaxation phases of the heart. used to evaluate how well the heart valves are working

37
Q

nuclear medicine

A

involves the introduction of radioactive substances, radiopharmaceuticals, into the body in order to produce a scan or picture

results in a scintigram or scan

38
Q

radiopharmaceuticals

A

radioactive substances

39
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

40
Q

PET scan

positron emission tomography scan

A

a form of nuclear medicine imaging where the radioactive material is tagged to glucose. the glucose will go to any area of the body that is rapidly growing and the area will show up on a PET scan

41
Q

radiologic technologist

radiographer

A

one who is trained to perform diagnostic imaging exams

may gain credentialing in performing CT, mammography, MRI, or other exams

42
Q

radiologist

A

an MD physician who specializes in diagnosing based on what is seen on diagnostic images

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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