Radiology Pt 2 Flashcards
sensor shapes and sizes
all different
PSP plates
much like film sensor, fit in regular film holders, easier for patient but more exposure
the exposure time of hard sensors
less exposure, but less comfortable (.1s) which leads to retakes
Periapical Radiograph/Views
includes crown, root, and 2-3 mm of bone
Marquette Radiographic Survey includes
14 periapical and 4 bitewings (18 total)
type of radiograph used for detection of caries and alveolar crest
bitewing! Interproximals must be visible to detect incipient (early) lesions/caries—patient is biting down
bite wing radiograph
used for caries and alvoeolar crest, need the interproximal spaces to be visible b/c caries starts at contact
where caries starts
contact point, thus must be able to see interproximal spaces
mineralization of dentin and enamel
dentin=63%
enamel=93%
pulp chamber with age
obliterated-lose radiolucency (darkness)
pulp stones
associated with age and or parafunctional activity (grinding)-dark grey circle apical to DEJ
advanced lesion
has passed the DEJ into the dentin-see on a radiograph
periapical
at the apex of the tooth; usually caused by pulp death; do vitality test; APICAL lamina dura
cause of periapical disease
pulp death
Periodontal disease
bone loss of supporting structure such as alveolar bone, PDL, etc. Loss is at the alveolar crest NOT at the apex
Radiolucent PDL
some interference (dark line around tooth)-early sign of pulpal pathology
normal alveolar crest height
< 2mm from the CEJ
Chronic Pulpal Inflammatory Disease/Rarefying Osteitis
NON-vital tooth—at apex, caused by pulp death; radiolucencies hard to differentiate
Sclerosing/condensing osteitis OR Chronic Pulpal Inflammatory Disease/Rarefying Osteitis
earliest sign of pulpal patho; abcess, granuloma, or cyst
Abcess vs granuloma vs cyst
cannot differentiate radiographically-use histo
epicenter of lesion
at the apex of the root/tooth for a cyst
cyst
epithelial lined pathologic cavity
fibrous healing defect
requires no treatment, healed with scar tissue instead of bone; appears dark
radiopacity with no associated radiolucency
idiopathic osteoslcerosis-tooth is vital; just an area of dense bone
hypercementosis
VITAL tooth; excess cementum; can see original root-see outline of root in cementum blob
idiopathic osteosclerosis
tooth is vital; area of dense bone with no associated radiolucency
excess cementum
hypercementosis-tooth trying to stabilize itself, tooth is vital; looks like dentin and cementum are one big thing but different calcification
Periapical Osteo Dysplasia (Know this!)
Multiple; well defined periapical radiolucencies associated with VITAL mandibular ant teeth-Radiopacity island in radiolucency!
well defined periapical radiolucencies associated with vital teeth- Radiopacity island
POD
widespread POD
Florid Cemento osseous Dysplasia (FCOD)
FCOD
Florid Cemento-osseous Dysplasia which is widespread PCD; lamina dura may be lost
sclerosing osteitis
lamina dura lost, PDL widened, no radiolucency
cementoblastoma
Vital tooth, apex of root obliterated by lesion-radiopaque lesion
apex of root obliterated-radiopaque vital lesion
Cementoblastoma
must be visible in order to detect incipient (early) caries
the interproximal spaces-if, not the radiograph is non-diagnostic
Comparison of dentin and enamel radiographically
dentin is darker and enamel is more white b/c more radiopaque
normal alveolar crest should be ____ from the CEJs
<2mm
lamina dura lost at apex-diffuse borders; seen more lateral to apex
periapical abscess
radiolucency is more circumscribed (around the apex and well defined)
periapical granuloma (aka radicular cyst) –these are non vital
periapical cyst
well circumscribed, sclerotic border
diffuse radiopacity at apex separated by widened pdl space
sclerosing osteitis (condensing)-Tooth is non vital
vital tooth lesions (pulp is not dead)
dense bone island (idiopathic osteosclerosis)
Hypercementosis
Periapical cemental dysplacia
Cementoblastoma
POD vital or nah
yes vital, periapical cemental dysplacia-well defined periapical radioluciencies with vital mand ant teeth
radiopacity deposits within the radiolucency and may appear crescent shaped-lamina dura may disappear at the apex
FCOD, Periapical cemental dysplasia
Vital tooth, apex of root obliterated by lesion
cementoblastoma-true cementoma
inflammation of the gingival mucosa-NOT evident radiographically
gingivitis
inflammation of the supporting bone-first radiographic evidence is at the alveolar crest; local or systemic etiology
periodontitis
periodontitis
inflammation of the supporting bone-first radiographic evidence is at the alveolar crest; local or systemic etiology
gingivitis
inflammation of the gingival mucosa-NOT evident radiographically
Spur type calculus
small spur shape radiopacity sticking of tooth
