Radiology

Question 1

what is the standard ‘PA’ view in a CXR?

Answer 1

• the patient stands facing the x-ray apparatus
• the shoulders brace forward so the scapulae do not obscure the lungs
• radiograph taken on full inspiration
• passes from posterior to anterior
• minimises cardiac shadow

Question 2

what is the ‘AP’ view in a CXR?

Answer 2

• in patients who cannot stand, the cassette is placed behind the patient and the X-rays pass from anterior to posterior.
• heart shadow magnified
• scapulae overlie and partially obscure lungs
• difficult for patient to take adequate inspiration

Question 3

what can a poorly inspired or rotated CXR do?

Answer 3

• simulate pathology when none is there
• if it is aquately inspired the anterior end of at least 6 ribs should be visible
• if centred the medial ends of the clavicles should be equidistant.