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SAM 4 past questions > Radiology > Flashcards

Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

A commonly performed contrast study in small animal radiology (???)

  1. thoracic cavity infusion
  2. pulmonary contrast study
  3. laryngeal contrast instillation
  4. none of the above
A

. none of the above

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2
Q

Myelography is primarily used to diagnose

  1. spinal cord bleeding
  2. spinal cord compression
  3. spinal cord necrosis
  4. brain circulatory disorders
A

spinal cord compression

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3
Q

In myelography, a contrast agent is injected into the following space:

a. epidural
b. subdural
c. subarachnoid
d. spinal

A

c. subarachnoid

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4
Q

In the study of megaesophagus one of the following methods is NOT used

  1. survey radiographs
  2. barium sulfate paste swallow
  3. carbon-dioxide inflation
  4. feeding barium sulfate mixed with pet food
A
  1. carbon-dioxide inflation
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5
Q 
When is liquid barium sulfate entirely emptied from the stomach following per os administration 
in a healthy dog? 
1. after 1 hour 
2. after 4 hours 
3. after 12 hours 
4. after 24 hours
A
  1. after 4 hours
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6
Q

Which one of the following retrograde contrast studies is NOT performed in dogs?

  1. positive contrast cystography
  2. negative contrast cystography
  3. positive contrast urethrography
  4. negative contrast urethrography
A
  1. negative contrast urethrography
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7
Q

Which statement is false regarding the radiography of intestinal obstructions?
1. the obturating object and the distended proximal intestinal loops may be seen on the
radiograph at the same time
2. the obturating object may be seen without secondary X-ray signs on the radiograph
3. in certain cases, the radiographic finding may be unremarkable
4. contrast study is used in every case to make the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction

A
  1. contrast study is used in every case to make the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction
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8
Q 
1 . may suggest abdominal effusion 
2. is normal in young animals 
3. is normal in cachectic animals (isn’t this one correct since thin animals is less homogenous in 
this stage??)
4. is normal in obese patients
A
  1. is normal in cachectic animals (isn’t this one correct since thin animals is less homogenous in
    this stage??)
  2. is normal in obese patients
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9
Q

What contrast medium would you choose for double contrast cystography?

  1. iodinated contrast and barium sulfate
  2. air and barium sulfate
  3. iodinated contrast and air
  4. air only
A
  1. iodinated contrast and air
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10
Q

Which statement is true? In case of an intestinal obstruction

  1. the use of barium sulfate is contraindicated
  2. unevenly distended intestinal loops are always visible
  3. the radiograph can be completely normal
  4. the gas filled stomach is pathognostic
A
  1. the use of barium sulfate is contraindicated
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11
Q

Which contrast medium can be used to examine the urethra?

a. Liquid BaSO4
b. powder BaSO4
c. organic iodine compound
d. inorganic iodine compound

A

c. organic iodine compound

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12
Q

Which of the above organs can be generally seen on a survey radiograph? ????

a. pancreas
b. ovaries
c. adrenals
d. aorta

A

d. aorta

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13
Q

The best method to detect the rupture of the ureters is

  1. double contrast cystography
  2. excretory urography
  3. excretory urethrography
  4. retrograde urethrography
A
  1. excretory urography
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14
Q

Which statement is true? In small animals …

  1. every uroliths are visible on the survey radiograph
  2. Urethrography is recommended to confirm cystolithiasis
  3. Ectopic ureters can be detected by intravenous urography.
  4. The best method to confirm urinary bladder rupture is negative contrast cystography .
A
  1. Ectopic ureters can be detected by intravenous urography
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15
Q

Negative bronchogram is typical in which pulmonary pattern?

  1. nodular pattern
  2. alveolar pattern
  3. bronchial pattern
  4. interstitial pattern
A

. alveolar pattern

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16
Q

Which contrast medium can be used in case of a suspected esophageal perforation?

  1. Liquid BaSO4
  2. liquid BaSO4 and canned food
  3. organic iodine compound
  4. inorganic iodine compound l
A
  1. organic iodine compound
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17
Q

In case of a tracheal hypoplasia the diameter of the trachea is less than

  1. the 1/3 of the length of the third rib
  2. the 20% of the thoracic inlet
  3. the double of the length of the second lumbar vertebra
  4. one intercostal space
A
  1. the 20% of the thoracic inlet
18
Q

Which of the following is typical for tracheal hypoplasia?

  1. the entire trachea is narrower than normal
  2. the trachea is narrowed in the thoracic inlet
  3. the respiratory phase has an influence on the diameter of the trachea
  4. the narrow portion is generally located inside the chest
A
  1. the entire trachea is narrower than normal
19
Q

In which condition can we see the tracheal wall separated from the neighboring tissues?

a. pneumothorax
b. pleural effusion
c. pneumomediastinum
d. negative bronchogram

A

c. pneumomediastinum

20
Q

Which statement is true for the feline esophagus?

  1. The caudal 1/3 on the survey radiograph shows herring bone pattern.
  2. The cranial 1/3 on the contrast radiograph shows herring bone pattern.
  3. The cranial 1/3 on the survey radiograph shows herring bone pattern.
  4. The caudal 1/3 on the contrast radiograph shows herring bone pattern.
A
  1. The caudal 1/3 on the contrast radiograph shows herring bone pattern.
21
Q

What is the basic structure of the normal pulmonary pattern?

  1. Bronchi
  2. Pulmonary vessels (book)
  3. Alveoli
  4. None of them
A

Bronchi

22
Q

A Vertebral Heart Scale

  1. describes the length of the vertebrae
  2. describes the size of the heart
  3. can be measured on the VD thoracic radiograph
  4. can be measured on the LL lumbar spine radiograph
A
  1. describes the size of the heart
23
Q

Which statement is not true for the tracheal collapse?

  1. Its radiographic appearance is influenced by the respiratory phase.
  2. The entire trachea is affected.
  3. Its cause is the softening of the tracheal C-cartilage.
  4. Toy breeds are affected.
A
  1. The entire trachea is affected.
24
Q

Which statement is true? On a lateral chest radiograph…

  1. the left ventricle is located cranioventrally.
  2. the left atrium is located caudodorsally
  3. the right ventricle is located craniodorsally
  4. the right atrium is located caudoventrally
A
  1. the left atrium is located caudodorsally
25
Q

Which statement is false? In case of thoracic effusion

  1. the opacity of the thorax is increased.
  2. the outline of the organs gets sharper.
  3. diaphragmatic hernia sometimes cannot be ruled out.
  4. type of the fluid cannot be determined.
A
  1. diaphragmatic hernia sometimes cannot be ruled out.
26
Q

What contrast medium would you use to demonstrate vascular strangulation of the esophagus?
a. barium-sulfate (the use of barium sulfate confirms the diagnosis of megaoesophagus, and to see if
it is partial or complete
b. inorganic iodine compound
c. air
d. The use of contrast medium is contraindicated

A

d. The use of contrast medium is contraindicated

27
Q

Which one is not a pulmonary pattern?

a. Alveolar
b. Fibrous
c. Interstitial
d. Bronchial

A

Fibrous

28
Q

The tracheal hypoplasia is common in which breed?

  1. Dachshund
  2. English bulldog
  3. German shepherd
  4. Irish setter
A
  1. English bulldog
29
Q

Which contrast medium can be used for the non-perforated esophagus?

  1. barium-sulfate suspension (is recommended)
  2. organic iodine (if inspired can cause pulmonary edema, still can used but carefully)
  3. Both
  4. neither of them
A

Both

30
Q

Which statement is false? When obtaining radiographs of fractures, it is important…

  1. to take orthogonal projections.
  2. to have the neighboring joints in the picture too.
  3. in case of uncertainty take x-ray of the contralateral limb too.
  4. always take radiograph of the thorax too.
A
  1. always take radiograph of the thorax too.
31
Q

Which statement is correct? In mature healthy carnivores…

  1. the cortical layer of the long bones is radiolucent
  2. the growth plate is radiolucent
  3. the periosteum is not visible in the radiographs
  4. the endosteum is visible on the radiographs
A

. the periosteum is not visible in the radiographs

32
Q

What is the normal anatomy of the long bones?

  1. epiphysis – metaphysis – diaphysis – metaphysis – epiphysis
  2. metaphysis – diaphysis – epiphysis – diaphysis – metaphysis
  3. diaphysis - epiphysis - metaphysis - epiphysis – diaphysis
  4. metaphysis - epiphysis - diaphysis - epiphysis – metaphysis
A

. epiphysis – metaphysis – diaphysis – metaphysis – epiphysis

33
Q

Which part of long bones is radiolucent?

  1. cortex
  2. subchondral bone
  3. growth plate in young animals
  4. growth plate in adults
A
  1. growth plate in young animals
34
Q

Sunburst-like periosteal reaction is typical for which disorder?

  1. malignant bone tumors
  2. bone cyst
  3. osteochondrosis dissecans
  4. benign bone tumors
A

malignant bone tumors

35
Q

Which statement is true?

  1. The joint capsule is visible in the radiograph
  2. The subchondral bone is not visible in the radiograph.
  3. The joint cartilage is not visible in the radiograph.
  4. Joint ligaments are visible in the radiograph.
A
  1. The joint cartilage is not visible in the radiograph.
36
Q

Which anatomical structure is demonstrated by myelography?

  1. epidural space
  2. subdural space
  3. subarachnoid space
  4. periarachnoideal space
A
  1. subarachnoid space
37
Q

Which abnormality can be connected to clinical signs?

  1. spondylosis deformans ??(i think this is false)
  2. hemivertebra
  3. calcified nucleus pulposus
  4. SH-2 epiphyseolysis
A
  1. spondylosis deformans ??(i think this is false)

2. hemivertebra

38
Q

The number of vertebrae in dogs

  1. 6 cervical, 13 thoracic , 6 lumbar
  2. 7 cervical 13 thoracic , 7 lumbar
  3. 7 cervical, 12 thoracic , 7 lumbar
  4. 6 cervical, 12 thoracic , 6 lumbar
A
  1. 7 cervical 13 thoracic , 7 lumbar
39
Q

Which answer is true? The radiographic sign of a Wobbler-syndrome can be:

  1. deformed cervical vertebra
  2. deformed thoracic vertebra
  3. deformed lumbar vertebra
  4. deformed sacrum
A
  1. deformed cervical vertebra
40
Q

Hansen type I. discus hernia

  1. Is called protrusion in Latin
  2. is generally acute clinical process
  3. generally affects large breed dogs
  4. the fibrotic change of the nucleus pulposus in the background
A
  1. is generally acute clinical process
41
Q

Which radiographic change is not connected generally to clinical signs?

  1. spondylosis deformans ????
  2. discospondylitis
  3. extradural compression on the myelogram
  4. vertebral fracture
A
  1. spondylosis deformans ????
42
Q

Which statement is false regarding discospondylitis?

  1. it is characterized by osteolytic changes
  2. it is an aseptic process
  3. the end plates of the vertebrae are affected
  4. it generally goes with pain and pyrexia
A
  1. it is an aseptic process

SAM 4 past questions (4 decks)

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