Radiography pictures - Abdominal Flashcards
What muscle in red?
If can see psoas then unlikely to have fluid accumulation
What muscle in red?
If can see psoas then unlikely to have fluid accumulation
What in red?
Colon
What are arrows pointing to?
Colon above, small bowel below
Supine or standing?
Supine. Normal image.
Supine or standing?
Standing. Notice the air/fluid levels. Don’t see liver, pancreas, spleen.
What is in red?
Baby. If doing an abdominal xray in a female get a pregnancy test! Abd film is 6x radiation of chest xray.
What is arrow pointing to?
Colonic obstruction. Those are magnets that PT swallowed and obstructed colon.
What kind of gas pattern? Where found?
Wavy. Coiled spring appearance. Jejenum.
What kind of gas pattern? Where found? Indented serosa?
Rectangle. Found in ileum.
What kind of gas pattern? Where found? Indented serosa?
Semicircular. In colon. Serosa indented by haustra (small pouches that give the colon its segmented look).
What can be said about this gas pattern?
Normal.
What can be said about this gas pattern?
Possible LBO on left flank.
What do you see here?
Large bowel. Ask PT if they are farting.
Do you see something wrong here?
Large Bowel Obstruction. Note the air/fluid level.
What kind of pattern do you see?
Small Bowel Gas Pattern. Very tender abdomen, need surgical consult. No owl, no psoas, kinda see SI joint.
What kind of gas pattern? Can see owl? Psoas?
Small Bowel Gas Pattern. No psoas shadow, can see owl.
Is there an obstruction? See any levels?
Small Bowel Obstruction. Air fluid level “coiled spring look”.
See an obstruction? Liver, gall bladder, psoas, SI joint?
Small bowel obstruction. Liver yes, gall bladder no, psoas no, barely see SI.
What kind of sign? See any fluid levels? Obstruction?
String of Pearls Sign, pathoneumonic for SBO. Multiple air/fluid levels.
String of Pearls Sign pathoneumonic for?
Small Bowel Obstruction
What is the name of this sign? What does it mean? What seen and not seen?
Coffee Bean Sign means volvulus (a twisting of gut). Do see liver but not gall bladder, pancreas, spleen. maybe see psoas.
What name of this sign? What does it mean?
Coffee bean sign. Volvulus, twisting of gut.
Assessment?
Free Air in the Abdomen. Liverer not seen due to diaphragm perforation and air leak. No psoas, no SI joints, no owls
Assessment?
Free Air in the Abdomen. PT on side.
Assessment?
Free Air Under the Diaphragm
Assessment?
Free Air Under the Diaphragm
Assessment?
Ascites, due to excess alcohol consumption. Yellow/blue color fluid. Notice the vascular pattern due to portal hypertension.
Assessment? What not seen? Folds?
Ascites, haustral folds but in center. Kinda see owl, no psoas shadow
Assessment?
Ascites. Haustral folds but in center.
Assessment?
Ascites, no air/fluid levels seen even tho standing. Can see some haustral folds.
Assessment?
Large bowel is haustral shape. Coffee bean shape bottom right=blockage.
Assessment (in red circle)?
Hepatomegaly at rib 12. PT is laying down. Stomch normally has air in it. Know this due to lack of bubble on top of stomach.
Assessment?
Hepatomegaly. Liver is really big!
Assessment?
Abdominal Mass (Wilms). Can’t tell where the liver ends and anythign else begins due to huge tumor.
Assessment?
Abdominal Mass (Wilms). Can’t tell where kidney ends and other things begin.
Assessment? Red circle?
Ascites. Haustral in center, cant see liver, kidneys, owls, psoas shadow. Note lack of distinguishing features.
Assessment?
Tumor. No distinguishing features. no liver, gall bladder, kidney, or psoas shadow.
Assessment? Find stomach and liver.
Aorta, possibly AAA. At 5cm high rupture risk is high. Palpate by umbilicis.
Assessment of arrows?
Nephrocalcinosis. Notice second arrow in sacrum. Possible kidney stone or stool stone in appendix or a vein stone. Kidney stones get stuck in 3 places: renal pelvis, ureter at edge of ileum, top of bladder.
Assessment in red?
Gallstones. Want to take out as can cause pancreatitis. Gall bladder stores bile which emulcifies fat but with backup can cause many problems.
Assessment?
Gallstones
Assessment?
Calcified Uterine Mass
Kidney stones?
Phleboliths, usually not a big problem. Too far down to be a kidney stone.
Assessment? Kidney stones?
Fecolith. Not a kidney stone as it’s tool large and far down. Can’t see liver, pancreas, or spleen.
What kind of appearance, what mean?
Moth eaten appearance. Cancer.
Assessment?
Fecolith. Not a kidney stone as too large and not in line with kidneys or ureters.
Assessment? Full of?
Constipation. Lots of gas and stool. FOS. Full of stool.
Assessment?
Constipation. Lots of gas and stool.
Assessment? Something special about age?
Inguinal Hernia. Flank stripes and too young for owls as pelvis hasn’t ossified yet. Scrotum filled with stool. Can sometimes hear bowel sounds on scrotum.
Assessment? What is PT feeling and where?
Periumbilical Abdominal Pain. Huge chunk of stool. Can’t see gall bladder or pancreas or spleen.
Assessment? Which quadrant is the pain?
LLQ Abdominal Pain. Not normal image. Air/ fluid levels, no SI, no psoas shadow. Can see liver.
Where feeling pain?
Diffuse Abdominal Pain. No gall bladder, no pancreas, no spleen. Can see liver.
What is the small bowel doing that large doesn’t? Due to..?
Abdominal Pain due to lots of stool. No psoas. Small bowel due to “stacking” which large doesn’t do.
What type of test? Name of lesion?
Abdominal Pain. Barium swallow test. Narrow channel of bowel called “apple core lesion” causing stool to back up.
Normal or not?
Normal Gasless KUB. No gall bladder, no pancreas, no spleen, yes psoas, yes SI, yes owl.
Assessment? What “sign”?
Severely Dilated Air-filled Small Bowel. (Coiled Spring Sign). Usually small bowel obstruction.
Name of test?
UGI barium study.
Where is the ulcer? Scarring? Where?
Duodenal Ulcers
Ulcer? Scarring? Where?
Duodenal Ulcers
Name of sign? Where?
Bird beak sign. “Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by the absence of esophageal peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in response to swallowing” -(medscape)
Sign? Where?
Achalasia. Bird beak sign. Esophagus narrowing.
What are arrows pointing to?
Gastric Ulcers
What type of lesion arrows pointing to? What part of guts?
Apple Core Lesion. Ascending colon. Usually liquid stool at this point so things might still pass through.
Name of sign? Disease?
String Sign (Chron’s)
Name of sign? Disease name?
String Sign (Chron’s)
Assessment? Difference between something else with similar name? Mainly in who?
Diverticulosis. Outcroppings on colon. Mostly in old PT and meth addicts. Diverticulosis is just the presence of outcroppings, diverticulitis is inflammation. Put in hospital and manage.
Assessment? Difference between something else with similar name? Mainly in who?
Diverticulosis, outcroppings in colon. Mostly in old PT and meth addicts. Diverticulosis is just the presence of outcroppings, diverticulitis is inflammation. Put in hospital and manage.
Assessment? Difference between something else with similar name?
Diverticulitis
Assessment? Similar to what else?
Diverticulitis
Assessment? Dye?
Renal calycies filled with IVP dye. Kidney stones.
Normal IVP
Appreciate the flow of dye from both kidneys to the bladder
Is position of kidneys weird? Dye?
Right kidney much lower due to mass pushing it down. IVP dye.
Assessment?
Nephrolithaisis, kidney stone.
Why is this 14 yo having severe back pain?
Fecallith, hardening of feces into lumps inside the colon obstructing fecal transit
Why is this 14 yo having severe back pain?
Kidney well illuminated due to stone obstruction outflow of contrast
Assessment?
Nephrocalcinosis
Assessment?
Bezoar, hair ball in stomach.
Assessment?
Bezoar, hair ball in stomach
Assessment of what’s in this stomach?
Bezoar, hair ball in stomach
Arrows show the PT is suffering from what?
Constipation
