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Diagnostic Methods - Radiology > Abdominal xray knowledge > Flashcards

Abdominal xray knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

Retroperitoneal organs cause pain where?

A

Back pain

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2
Q

Intraperitoneal organs cause pain where?

A

Abdominal pain

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3
Q

Pancreas causes pain?

A

Both back and abdomen

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4
Q

KUB xray stands for?

A

kidney, ureter, and bladder

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5
Q

How many views does an abdominal xray require?

A

Usually one one

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6
Q

Structures that cross midline?

A

Stomach, Transverse Colon, Small Bowel, Aorta, IVC, Urinary Bladder, Uterus

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7
Q

If psoas muscle shows up then what is unlikely?

A

fluid accumulation

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8
Q

What three parts make up the small bowel?

A

duodenum, jejunum and ileum

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9
Q

What is the hallmark signs of small bowel obstruction?

A

gaseous distention, multiple air-fluid levels on upright xray

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10
Q

Normal diameter of small bowel?

A

2.5-3.0 cm

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11
Q

How many air-fluid levels are normally found in the small bowel?

A

2-3 fluid levels normal

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12
Q

Small bowel is located where on an xray?

A

Centrally

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13
Q

What is the name and shape of small bowel folds?

A

Valvulae conniventes (coiled spring appearance), Circular

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14
Q

What is the location of a large bowel on an xray?

A

Peripherally

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15
Q

What is the name and shape of large bowel folds?

A

Haustra, Semicircular

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16
Q

Normal diameter of the large bowel?

A

less than 5cm

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17
Q

What is normally found in the large bowel?

A

Solid feces normal

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18
Q

Large bowel is also called the…?

A

Colon

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19
Q

What are four possible causes of small bowel obstruction?

A

Adhesions, hernia, tumor, gallstone (T.H.A.G.)

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20
Q

What are four possible causes of large bowel obstruction?

A

Tumor, abscess, diverticular disease, volvulus (T.A.D.V.)

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21
Q

Is there normally gas in the large bowel?

A

Yes

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22
Q

What do you ask a patient with a possible large bowel obstruction?

A

“Are you farting?”

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23
Q

“String of Pearls Sign” pathoneumonic for what?

A

Small Bowel Obstruction

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24
Q

What does the Coffee Bean Sign represent?

A

Volvulus (twisting of bowel)

25
Q

The jejunum is part of the small or large bowel?

26
Q

What does the jejunum look like?

A

Coiled Spring

27
Q

The ileum is part of the small or large bowel?

28
Q

What does the ileum look like?

A

Almost rectangular. No indented serosa.

29
Q

What has an indented serosa?

A

Colon/Large Bowel only

30
Q

Does the ileum has an indented serosa?

A

Nope, only the colon/large bowel

31
Q

The colon has indented serosa due to?

32
Q

What does free air in abdomen look like?

A

Black area where it shouldn’t be

33
Q

Ascites due to

A

excess alcohol consumption

34
Q

Vascular pattern in ascities due to

A

portal hyptertension

35
Q

Ascites will cause haustral folds to appear where?

A

In center but they shouldn’t be there (usually with large bowel/colon in periphery)

36
Q

Hepatomegaly is defined as

A

Enlarged liver

37
Q

Hepatomegaly causes the stomach to lose what?

A

Lose air bubble

38
Q

What are the 3 places a kidney stone gets stuck?

A

renal pelvis, ureter at edge of ileum, top of bladder

39
Q

Kidney stones aka

A

Nephrocalcinosis

40
Q

Gallstones can cause…?

A

pancreatitis

41
Q

Why take out gall bladder?

A

Gall bladder stores bile which emulcifies fat but with gall stones backup can cause many problems

42
Q

What is a Phlebolith?

A

Stone in a vein

43
Q

What can Phleboliths be mistaken for?

A

Kidney stone but Phlebolith can occur too far down to be a kidney stone

44
Q

What is a Fecolith?

A

Stone made of feces in colon

45
Q

Moth eaten appearance can mean what?

46
Q

Fecolith can be differentiated from a kidney stone how?

A

Fecoliths are too large and not in line with kidneys or ureters

47
Q

Inguinal Hernia happens in what age range?

48
Q

Inguinal Hernia can cause bowel sounds in what unusual spot?

49
Q

Does the small bowel or large bowel do “stacking”?

A

Small bowel does stacking

50
Q

What is apple core lesion?

A

In colon, narrow channel of bowel called causing stool to back up

51
Q

Coiled Spring Sign means?

A

Severe dilation on small bowel, very dilated. Usually due to small bowel obstruction.

52
Q

What is Achalasia?

A

trouble with food passing into stomach. can effect solids and liquids. look for upsidedown bird beak sign.

53
Q

Upsidedown bird beak sign means?

A

Achalasia, trouble with food passing into stomach

54
Q

String Sign means what disease?

55
Q

What is Diverticulosis?

A

Outcroppings in colon. mostly in old PT and meth addicts. diverticulosis is just the presence of outcroppings, diverticulitis is inflammation. put in hospital and manage.

56
Q

What is IntraVenous Pyleogram (IVP)?

A

injectable iodine into veins, analogue to barium. Good for kidney stones.

57
Q

Nephrolithaisis aka?

A

Kidney stone

58
Q

What is a Bezoar?

A

hair ball in stomach

Diagnostic Methods - Radiology (8 decks)

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