Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

physics of radiology equipment > Radiographic positioning > Flashcards

Radiographic positioning Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

When performing as part of an upper GI exam, the RAO position places barium in what portion of the stomach?

A

pylorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Radiography of the ribs below the diaphragm are done on what phase of respiration?

A

expiration to elevate the diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the film criteria for an x-ray of the lateral forearm?

A

radial and ulnar styloid processes are superimposed over one another
the elbow joint is flexed 90 degrees
the distal humerus is in the same plane as the bones of the forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

An image produced with the central ray angled along the longitudinal or long axis of a part is produced in a what position?

A

axial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

From the anatomical position, pronating the hand will result in the palm facing

A

posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Overlapping of the raidus and ulna on a AP projection of the forearm is evidence of?

A

the hand being placed in pronation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What view is done to demonstrate the hamular process (hook) of the hamate bone?

A

view for carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What position is best for demonstrating the capitulum, radial head, and radial tubercle?

A

lateral oblique elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most anterior structure of the scapula?

A

coracoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

With the patient in the PA position, central ray anuglation of what will be required to free the majority of the clavicle from superimpostion of the ribs and scapula?

A

25-30 degrees caudad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which position will demonstrate the broad aspect of the right ilium?

A

right posterior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The adult foot has how many bones?

A

26 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

An external oblique of the foot is performed with the plantar surface of the foot forming what angle to the surface of the film?

A

30 degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

An axial plantodorsal projection for the calcaneous is performed with the central ray angled how many degree to the surface of the film?

A

40 degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What posistion is required to demonstrate the maxiumum interosseouos space between the tibia and fibula?

A

medial oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the correct centering point for an AP projection of the kneee when a 5-7 degree cephalic central ray angulation is employed?

A

one half inch distal to the patellar apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The central ray is directed to a point 2 “ distal to the what when performing an AP projection of the scapula?

A

coracoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The position of the asthenic gallbladder as compared to the hyperstenic gallbladder is in what position?

A

infereior and medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The uppermost portion of the iliac crest is apprpoximately at the same level as the…

A

fourth lumbar vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which projection will best demonstrate the carpal scaphoid?

A

radial flexion/deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which projection requires the humeral epicondyles be superimposed?

A

lateral elbow, and lateral humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which xray of the foot best demonstrates the navicular, first and second cuneforms and their articulations with the first and second metatarsals?

A

lateral oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

In which position or projection will the subtalar joint be visualized?

A

plantodorsal projection of the os calsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The proximal tibiofibular articulation is best demonstrated in which position?

A

medial oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

T/F: In the medial oblique projection of the ankle, the talofibular joint is visualized, the talotibial joint is visualized, and plantar surface should be vertical

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does a Y projection of the shoulder demonstrate?

A

an oblique projection of the shoulder, and an anterior or posterior dislocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Which position requires that the OML be 37 degrees with the plane of the image recorder?

A

parietoacanthial/ Waters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

All of the following statements are true regarding the PA projection of the skull are true except: the OML is perpendicular to the film, the petrous pyramids fill the lower third of the orbits, msp is perpendicular to the film, CR exits at the nasion

A

pyramids fill the lower third, not true.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is demonstrated in a 25 degree RPO position and the CR entering 1 inch medial to the elevated ASIS?

A

left SI joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is demonstrated in the lateral projection of the cervical spine?

A

intervertebral joints and apophyseal joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The intervertebral foramina of the thoracic spine are demonstrated with what posistion?

A

lateral projection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The thoracic apophyseal joints are demonstrated in what position?

A

oblique posistion with the coronal plane 70 degrees to the image receptor, or MSP 20 degrees to the image receptor. The apophyseal joints closest to the IR are demonstrated PA, RAO/LAO, and those away from the IR in the AP, LPO, RPO oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

To better demonstrate the manidbular rami in the PA position, which way is the CR angled?

A

cephalad 20-30 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Aspirated foreign bodies in older children and adults are most likely to lodge where?

A

right main bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Why should a chest radiograph be performed using a 72 inch SID?

A

minimize magnification of the heart, and better lung detail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Blunting of the costophrenic angles seen on a PA projection of the chest can be an indication of what?

A

pleural effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What condition is characterized by flattening of the hemidiaphragms?

A

emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Inspiration and expiration projections of the chest may be performed to demosntrate what?

A

pneumothorax, and diaphragm excursion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The right lung has how many lobes, and the left lung has how many lobes?

A

right has 3 and the left has 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

To demonstrate the pulmonary apices below the level of the clavicles, in the AP projection of the chest, the CR should be how?

A

15-20 degrees cephalad

41
Q

In what order should the following radiographs be performed? BE, IVP, UGI

A

IVP, BE, UGI

42
Q

Which projection would demonstrate the size and shape of the liver and kidneys?

A

AP

43
Q

During an IVP, the prone position is generally recommended to demonstrate what?

A

filling of obstructed ureters, and renal pelvis

44
Q

Which test requires catheterization of the ureters?

A

retrograde urogram

45
Q

During routinge IVP, the oblique position demonstrates the what?

A

the side up away from parallel to the film, 30 degree oblique postion

46
Q

During an IVP, to better demonstrate contrast filled distal ureters what is helpful?

A

use a 15 degree AP trendelenburg postion

47
Q

Indicate the correct sequence of oxygenated blodd as it returns from the lungs to the heart

A

pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aortic valve

48
Q

In myelography the contrast medium is generally injected into the

A

subarachnoid space between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae

49
Q

What are the four major arteries supplying the brain are?

A

common carotid arteries, and vertebral arteries

50
Q

The apex of the heart is formed by the what?

A

Left ventricle

51
Q

The junction of the transverse colon and descending colon fomr what flexure?

A

splenic flexure

52
Q

the AP axial projection (Townes method) best demonstrates what bone?

A

occipital bone

53
Q

cervical spine positions performed to demonstrate the foramina closest to the IR are what positions?

A

RAO, LAO

54
Q

During a gastrointestinal examination, the AP recumbent projection of a stomach of average shape will usually demonstrate what?

A

barium filled fundus, and double contrast of distal stomach portions

55
Q

With the OML perpendicular to the IR and the CR directed 25 degrees cephalad, what is best demonstrated?

A

the dorsum sella is seen within the foramen magnum, the petrous pyramids fill the orbits

56
Q

To better demonstrate the ribs below the diaphragm what should be done to breathing and positioning the patient?

A

suspend respiration at the end of full exhalation

perform the exam in the recumbent position

57
Q

a “blowout” fracture usually occurs in which aspect of the orbital wall?

A

inferior

58
Q

Double contrast examinations of the stomach or large bowel are performed for better visualization of what?

A

diverticula

59
Q

Lateral deviation of the nasal septum may be best demonstrated in waht projection?

A

parietoacanthia (Waters method)

60
Q

Which position would best demonstrate the proimal tibiofiular articulation?

A

90 degrees mediolateral

61
Q

subacromial or subcoracoid dislocation will best be demonstrated in what projection?

A

PA oblique scapular Y

62
Q

What is the most proximal structure on the adult ulna?

A

styloid process

63
Q

The sternoclavicular joints are best demonstrated with the patient PA and in what position?

A

a slight oblique, affected side adjacent to the IR

64
Q

What is the criteria required for accurate visualizaion of the greater tubercle in profile?

A

epicondyles parallel to the IR, arm in external rotation, humerus in AP position

65
Q

What positions are likely to be employed for a single-contrast, double contrast exam of the large bowel?

A

lateral rectum, AP axial rectosigmoid, RAO, and LAO abdomen

66
Q

the manubrial notch is located at the same level as the what?

A

first thoracic vertebra

67
Q

What is the criteria for the later projection of the foot?

A

plantar surface should be perpendicular to the IR

metarsals should be superimposed, talofibular joint should be visualized

68
Q

What projection of the calcaneus is obtained with the leg extended, plantar surface vertical and perpendicular to the IR, and central ray directed 40 degrees caudad?

A

axial plantodorsal projection

69
Q

The uppermost portion of the iliac crest is approximately at the same level as the …

A

L4

70
Q

During chest radioraphy, the act of inspriation does what?

A

raises the ribs, and depresses the abdominal viscera

71
Q

The stomach of an asthenic paties is most likely to be located

A

low vertical, toward the midline

72
Q

A patient is usally required to drink barium in order to demonstratrate what structures?

A

pylorus and duodenum

73
Q

With the patiinet positioned as for a parietoacanthial projection (Waters method) and the CR directed throught he patients open mouth, which of the sinus groups would be demonstrated through the open mouth?

A

sphenoid

74
Q

An accurately positioned oblique projection of the first through fourth lumbar vertebrae will demonstrate the classic “scotty dog” what structure does the scottty dogs “ear” represent?

A

superior articular process

75
Q

the sigmoid colon is located in which quadrant?

A

LLQ

76
Q

T or F: The AP projection of the scapula requires that the patients arm be abducted at right angles to the body, patients elbow be flexed with hand supinated

A

True

77
Q

What position will best demonstrate the patellofemoral articulation?

A

tangential patella

78
Q

Antiversion of the femoral neck is overcome by what rotation of the toes in the AP projection?

A

15 degree internal rotation of the toes

79
Q

Which position is best for demonstrating the right intervertebral foramen of the cervical spine?

A

RAO

80
Q

When the patient is placed in a posterior oblique position, the lumbar apophyseal joints ___________ the film are demonstrated

A

closest to

81
Q

What position below is preferred for demonstrating a fracture along the axillary border of the right 7th rib?

A

right posterior oblique taken on full inspriration

82
Q

the trachea lies ___________to the esophagus

A

anterior

83
Q

What projection of the chest is best for demonstrating the retrocardiac space?

A

right anterior oblique

84
Q

What position is best for demonstrating the presence of free air in the right hemithorax?

A

left lateral decubitus chest

85
Q

Bilateral depressed fractures of the zygomatic arches will be demonstrated best using what position?

A

SMV position

86
Q

What is the correct name for the radiographic examination done to demonstrate the biliary tract via direct needle injection of contrast media into a biliary duct?

A

percuataneous transhepatic cholangiogram

87
Q

What position is successful in placing the negative contrast agent used during a double contrast upper gastrointestinal tract exam in the fundus of the stomach?

A

RAO

88
Q

What is the name given to the longest portion of the small bowel?

A

ileum

89
Q

To aid in decreasing the amount of superimpostion of the right ureter over the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebra, which position is recommended?

A

RPO

90
Q

What positon is done to demonstrate a provile view of the left kidney?

A

30 degree RPO

91
Q

What is the correct degree of tube anulation with the patient adjusted with the IOML perpendicular to the table for an AP axial Towne position of the cranium?

A

37 degrees caudad

92
Q

An axiolateral of the mandible done to demonstrate the rami, requires the patients head to be adjusted_______ and the CR angled 25 degrees cephalad?

A

in true lateral

93
Q

Positions requiring that the base of the cranium be placed parallel to the surface of the film will require the cranium to be adjusted to place what parallel to the film

A

IOML

94
Q

What position will be best for demonstrating a fracture with medial displacement of the right mandibular condyle?

A

AP axial postion

95
Q

What position will be successful in demonstrating the presence of “spondylolisthesis” in a patient?

A

lateral lumbar spine

96
Q

What view of the elbow will show the coronoid process free from superimposition?

A

medially oblique

97
Q

What is kyphosis of the spine?

A

humpback curvature

98
Q

What is lordosis of the spine?

A

bent backwards; sway back

physics of radiology equipment (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions