Radioactivity

Question 1

What country had the largest percentage of energy from nuclear power in 2004?

Answer 1

France

Question 2

The number of protons of an element is?

Answer 2

atomic number

Question 3

Isotopes are distinguished by their?

Answer 3

Mass numbers; neutrons

Question 4

What is a nuclide?

Answer 4

A nucleus with a specified number of protons and neutrons

Question 5

Nuclei that are radioactive are called what?

Answer 5

Radionuclides

Question 6

Atoms containing radioactive nuclides are called?

Answer 6

Radioisotopes

Question 7

______ are unstable and spontaneously emit particles and electromagnetic radiation.

Answer 7

Radionuclides

Question 8

Uranium-238 is spontaneously emitting what?

Answer 8

helium-4 particles

Question 9

Streams of helium-4 particles are also known as?

Answer 9

Alpha particles

Question 10

The products of Uranium-238 are?

Answer 10

Thorium of atomic number 90 and an alpha particle

Question 11

The three most common forms of radioactive decay are?

Answer 11

Alpha, Beta, and Gamma

Question 12

Streams of high speed electrons emitted by an unstable nucleus are?

Answer 12

Beta particles

Question 13

Iodine-131 undergoes what type of radioactive decay?

Answer 13

Beta

Question 14

The products of an Iodine-131 decay are?

Answer 14

A beta particle and Xenon.

Question 15

Gamma radiation consists of?

Answer 15

high-energy photons

Question 16

What changes neither the atomic mass number nor the mass number of a nucleus?

Answer 16

Gamma radiation

Question 17

A positron has the same mass as ____ but an _____ charge.

Answer 17

electron, opposite

Question 18

What is Electron Capture?

Answer 18

The capture of an electron by a nucleus through the surrounding nucleus cloud.

Question 19

How does Rubidium-83 turn into Krypton-83?

Answer 19

Electron Capture

Question 20

At close distances a strong force of attraction exists between nuclides called?

Answer 20

nuclear force

Question 21

Where does the belt of stability end?

Answer 21

83 protons aka all elements with more than 84 protons are radioactive

Question 22

Nuclides found above the belt of stability often undergo what type of decay?

Answer 22

Beta

Question 23

Nuclides found below the belt of stability often undergo what type of decay?

Answer 23

Alpha, beta, or positron

Question 24

These numbers of nucleons (2,8,20,28,50,82) in nuclei are often referred to as?

Answer 24

Magic numbers because they are usually more stable

Question 25

A nucleus that undergoes a nuclear reaction by being struck by a neutron or another nucleus is called?

Answer 25

Nuclear Transmutations