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Science Bowl > Biological Chemistry > Flashcards

Biological Chemistry Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What biochemical cycle produces carbon dioxide and energy from carbohydrates and oxygen?

A

The Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

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2
Q

What biochemical cycle produces oxygen and a carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water?

A

The Calvin cycle

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3
Q

What are the products of glycolysis?

A

2 pyruvate + 2 [NADH] + 2 H + 2 [ATP] + 2 H2O

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4
Q

Which photo system of photosynthesis comes first?

A

Photosystem II

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5
Q

What is the energy storing molecule produced by respiration called composed of an adenine nucleotide and phosphate groups?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

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6
Q

What is a protein that catalyzes a chemical reaction by attaching to a substrate?

A

An enzyme

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7
Q

What is the name of a molecule which an enzyme attaches to?

A

A substrate

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8
Q

What is the name of the molecule which unzips DNA during DNA synthesis?

A

DNA Helicase

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9
Q

What is the Ph buffer of the blood which makes use of the respiratory system?

A

Bicarbonate (HCO3)

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10
Q

What acid is formed when Carbon Dioxide mixes with water?

A

Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)

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11
Q

What is the name of an ester composed of a glycerol and three fatty acids?

A

A triglyceride

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12
Q

What is the chemical formula of Glucose, then what is the chemical formula for Fructose?

A

C6H12O6 for both

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13
Q

What is the name of a chain of amino acids?

A

A polypeptide chain

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14
Q

What is the basic subunit of cellulose?

A

Glucose

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15
Q

What is the basic subunit of DNA called?

A

A nucleotide

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16
Q

What are all five nitrogen bases used in RNA?

A

Thymine, Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Uracil

17
Q

What is the basic structure of a DNA nucleotide?

A

a phosphate group bonded to a deoxyribose sugar bonded to a nitrogen base (A,T,C,G)

18
Q

What is a group of three DNA nucletides called

A

A triplet

19
Q

What are the four basic macromolecules?

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

20
Q

What is the term for copying DNA information onto an mRNA strand?

A

Transcription

Science Bowl (16 decks)

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