RADIO DIGESTIVE

Question 1

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 1

Serous membrane lining intra-abdominal organs composed of mesothelium & thin layer of CT

Question 2

When and how is peritoneum seen in CT scans?

Answer 2

Only seen in pathologies

Appears as thick layer of fluid

Question 3

What is ascites?

Answer 3

Accumulation of fluid inside peritoneal cavity in abdomen

Hinchazo extremo

Question 4

What is hydronephrosis?

Answer 4

Swelling of COLLECTING DUCTS (not kidneys) due to urine accumulation

Question 5

What is the mesentery?

Answer 5

Structure that anchors intestine to retroperitoneal structures (abdominal wall, aorta)
Contains vessels, nerves & lymphatics

Question 6

What covers the mesentery?

Answer 6

Peritoneum

Question 7

What is the mesocolon?

Answer 7

Special type of mesentery that divides peritoneal cavity into supramesocolic & inframesocolic

Question 8

Where is the mesocolon found?

Answer 8

Right below the stomach

Question 9

What are the divisions of the supramesocolic area?

Answer 9

Subphrenic areas (L&R)
Subhepatic area
Lesser peritoneal cavity
Perisplenic space (around spleen)

Question 10

What are the divisions of the inframesocolic area?

Answer 10

Paracolic/goiters area (R&L)
Infracolic spaces (R&L)
Pelvis

Question 11

What is the bare area?

Answer 11

Triangular area on diaphragmatic surface of liver attached to diaphragm by loose CT

Question 12

Where is the bare area located?

Answer 12

Posterosuperior aspect of liver

Question 13

What covers the bare area?

Answer 13

NOTHING! Not covered by peritoneum

Question 14

What are the divisions of the stomach?

Answer 14

Fundus
Body
Antrum
Pylorus

Question 15

Where does the stomach end?

Answer 15

In the pylorus (valve that connects stomach to duodenum)

Question 16

Where is the duodenum found?

Answer 16

After pylorus

Question 17

What are the divisions of the duodenum?

Answer 17

1 - bulb
2 - vertical
3 - horizontal
4 - ascending

Question 18

Where does the ascending part of the duodenum end?

Answer 18

In the angle of Treitz

Question 19

What is the angle of Treitz?

Answer 19

Junction btw. duodenum & jejunum adjacent to mesenteric vessels

Question 20

EXAM QUESTION: Are the 2nd & 3rd divisions of the duodenum (vertical & horizontal) intraperitoneal? Why/Why not?

Answer 20

NOT intraperitoneal

Only their anterior face is covered by peritoneum

Question 21

What covers the 1st & 4th (bulb & ascending) divisions of the duodenum?

Answer 21

Peritoneum

Question 22

Where is the jejunum found?

Answer 22

Starts at angle of trietz

Extends from mesogastrium –> right iliac fossa

Question 23

What types of folds can be found in the jejunum?

Answer 23

Transverse

Question 24

Where is the ilium found?

Answer 24

From meso/hipogastrium –> right iliac fossa

Question 25

Where does the ilium end?

Answer 25

At the ileocecal valve

Question 26

What is the ileocecal valve?

Answer 26

Sphincter muscle that joins the ilium (last part of small intestine) with the colon (first part of large intestine)

Question 27

What type of folds can be found in the ilium?

Answer 27

Longitudinal

Question 28

What is the cecum?

Answer 28

Considered the first part of the large intestine

A “pouch” within the peritoneum on the right iliac fossa next to appendix

Question 29

What are the sections of the colon?

Answer 29

Ascending
Transverse
Descending

Question 30

Where are each of the sections of the colon found?

Answer 30

Ascending: right flank –> liver
Transverse: mesogastrium
Descending: left flank –> spleen

Question 31

What is the composition & function of the greater omentum?

Answer 31

Fat

Covers all intestinal loops