Radio Flashcards
the precursor of the radio technology invented in the 1840s
telegraph
series of dots and dashes that stood for letters in the alphabet
Morse code
invisible electronic impulses similar to visible light
electromagnetism
portion of these phenomena on electromagnetic spectrum
radio waves
form of voiceless point-to-point communication
wireless telegraphy
wireless voice and music transmissions
wireless telephony
once an agricultural term
referred to process of casting seeds over large area; transmission of radio waves to broad public audience
braodcasting
wireless was considered a form of ____ or person-to-person communication like the telegraph or telephone
narrowcasting
passed by Congress addressing problem of amateur radio operators increasingly cramming the airwaves (following the Titanic tragedy)
radio waves could not be owned; they were a collective property of all Americans and requires a license
Radio Act of 1912
GE took the lead in founding a new company called _____
to monopolize the wireless industry and expand American communication technology
Radio Corporation of America (RCA)
a cost-saving operation that links a group of broadcast stations that share programming produced at a central location
network
Paley and Barneys modified this concept
CBS paid affiliate stations for an option on a portion of their time
option time
restore order to airwaves
licenses did not OWN their channels but could only license them as long as they operated to serve public interest, convenience, or necessity
Radio Act of 1927
the 1927 act created the ____ whose members were appointed by the president
Federal Radio Commission (FRC)
When the FRC became the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
covered not only radio but also telephone and telegraph (later tv, cable, internet)
Communications Act of 1934
small electrical devices that like vacuum tubes could receive and amplify radio signals
transistors
static-free radio reception, greater fidelity and clarity, ideal for music
accentuated pitch or distance bet radio waves
frequency modulation (FM)
stressed volume or height or radio waves
amplitude modulation
formula-driven radio where management rather than deejays controlled programming each hour
format radio
playing top songs many times during the day
rotation
forty most popular hits in given week as measured by record sales
Top 40 format
dead air
gaps in radio; djs talk; ads
alternative to conventional formats
progressive rock
album-oriented rock (AOR)
progressive rock had been copied, tamed, and abssorbed by mainstream radio
heaviest radio listening occurs during ____ when people are commuting to and from work
drive time
1990s format of radio
news/talk/info format
middle of the road or MOR
one of radio’s oldest and most popular formats
adult contemporary (AC)
rap to pop punk songs, Top 40 radio
appeals to teens and young adults
contemporary hit radio (CHR)
popular during morning drive time aside from news/talk/info format
country
targets African American listeners in large cities
urban contemporary
run experimental public stations
Pacifica Foundation
first noncommercial networks
National Public Radio (NPR) and Public broadcasting Service (PBS)
NPR and PBS under the provisions of ______
Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 and Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB)
series of satellites launched to cover continental USA created a subscription national service
satellite radio
available to public since 2004
digital tech that enables AM and FM radio broadcasters to multicast two or three additional compressed digital signals within their traditional analog frequency
HD radio
emerged in 1990s with popularity of Web
one kind exclusively for internet; other kind is “streaming”
internet radio
developed in 2004 refers to the practice of making audio files available on Internet so listeners can download them onto their computers and transfer them to mp3 players or listen on the computer
podcasting
practice by which record promotes pay deejays to play particular records
rampant in 1950s as record companies sought to guarentee sales
Payola
substantially changed rules concerning ownership of public airwaves because the FCC eliminated most ownership restrictions on radio.
Telecommunications Act of 1996
2000 - FCC responding to inquiries about development of new local radio braodcasting servic, approved a new noncommercial class of 10- and 100-watt stations in order to give voice to local groups lacking access to public airwaves
low-power FM (LPFM)
DXing – trying to tune in as many faraway stations as possible
Music listening – intro of better loud speakers 1925
Story listening – 1929 and after
Broadcasting led to a cultural revolution in the 1920s: the turn to listening
3 shifts in the modes of listening during the 1920s
